Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 208-214.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.2.17

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Content and speciation distributions of Fe and As in disposed quartz sand from groundwater treatment by sequential aeration and sand filtration

ZHANG Yaoqiang1(), HU Bingbing1, XIE Shiwei2, YUAN Songhu1,*()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
    2. School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
  • Received:2020-05-12 Revised:2020-09-18 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-10-29
  • Contact: YUAN Songhu

Abstract:

Drinking water security is threatened by elevated iron (Fe) and arsenic (As) concentrations in groundwater. Sequential aeration and sand filtration has been widely used for the high-performance, low-cost groundwater treatment in rural areas. During filtration, Fe, As-enriched quartz sand needs periodic replacement. The disposed sand frequently piles up on land, risking As release. In this research, the content and speciation distributions of Fe and As in disposed quartz sand collected from a drinking water treatment plant in the Jianghan plain, were investigated by LA-ICP-MS, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and sequential chemical extraction. The results show that the sand surface was coated with a 20-100 μm thick Fe, As-rich layer, with Fe and As significantly concentrated in the central layer than on the outer layers; the As and Fe spatial distributions in the coating were highly correlated (R2> 0.985). The Fe phases were mainly amorphous and weakly crystalline, and the presence of hematite and scorodite was detected. The total contents of Fe and As in the quartz were 20.1 mg/g and 53.4 μg/g, respectively. The highly dissolvable Fe (oxy)hydroxides and carbonate-bound, reducible Fe species predominated in the coatings, whereas As was mainly adsorbed on the surface of Fe phases. Due to the abundant rainfall in the study area, As release from the disposed quartz sand could occur as a consequence of rain washing or anaerobic Fe bio-reduction.

Key words: disposed quartz sand, high-arsenic groundwater, arsenic release, sand filtration, drinking water treatment

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