Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 227-238.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.1.41
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LIU Xuena1,2(), LI Haiming1,2,*(), LI Mengdi1,2, ZHANG Weihua3, XIAO Han1,2
Received:
2022-01-30
Revised:
2022-02-08
Online:
2022-05-25
Published:
2022-04-28
Contact:
LI Haiming
CLC Number:
LIU Xuena, LI Haiming, LI Mengdi, ZHANG Weihua, XIAO Han. Pollution characteristics and biodegradation mechanism of petroleum hydrocarbons in gas station groundwater in the Tianjin Plain[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(3): 227-238.
Fig.1 Schematic map showing the location of gas station sampling sites and groundwater flow field in the Tianjin coastal plain area. Adapted from [19].
组分及参数 | 样本量 | 极大值 | 极小值 | 均值 | 标准差 | 变异系数/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TDS | 84 | 2.30×104 | 656.00 | 4 376.54 | 5 289.01 | 120.85 |
K+ | 84 | 149.00 | 0.59 | 24.46 | 37.78 | 154.46 |
Na+ | 84 | 6.98×103 | 50.30 | 1 184.35 | 1 568.53 | 132.44 |
Ca2+ | 84 | 929.00 | 18.20 | 158.20 | 141.47 | 89.42 |
Mg2+ | 84 | 939.00 | 7.24 | 174.91 | 188.50 | 107.77 |
| 84 | 1.89×103 | 87.00 | 688.45 | 267.73 | 38.89 |
Cl- | 84 | 1.20×104 | 35.00 | 1 930.96 | 2 988.43 | 154.76 |
| 84 | 1.44×103 | 33.00 | 399.99 | 337.47 | 84.37 |
| 84 | ND | ND | |||
| 84 | 148.00 | ND | 9.61 | 19.74 | 205.36 |
| 84 | 5.57 | ND | 0.18 | 0.61 | 344.54 |
Mn | 84 | 8.02 | ND | 0.70 | 1.32 | 187.17 |
Fe | 84 | 2.54 | ND | 0.19 | 0.53 | 271.73 |
pH值 | 84 | 8.73 | 6.80 | 7.43 | 0.34 | 4.56 |
Table 1 Statistics of gas station groundwater hydrochemical indexes for the study area
组分及参数 | 样本量 | 极大值 | 极小值 | 均值 | 标准差 | 变异系数/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TDS | 84 | 2.30×104 | 656.00 | 4 376.54 | 5 289.01 | 120.85 |
K+ | 84 | 149.00 | 0.59 | 24.46 | 37.78 | 154.46 |
Na+ | 84 | 6.98×103 | 50.30 | 1 184.35 | 1 568.53 | 132.44 |
Ca2+ | 84 | 929.00 | 18.20 | 158.20 | 141.47 | 89.42 |
Mg2+ | 84 | 939.00 | 7.24 | 174.91 | 188.50 | 107.77 |
| 84 | 1.89×103 | 87.00 | 688.45 | 267.73 | 38.89 |
Cl- | 84 | 1.20×104 | 35.00 | 1 930.96 | 2 988.43 | 154.76 |
| 84 | 1.44×103 | 33.00 | 399.99 | 337.47 | 84.37 |
| 84 | ND | ND | |||
| 84 | 148.00 | ND | 9.61 | 19.74 | 205.36 |
| 84 | 5.57 | ND | 0.18 | 0.61 | 344.54 |
Mn | 84 | 8.02 | ND | 0.70 | 1.32 | 187.17 |
Fe | 84 | 2.54 | ND | 0.19 | 0.53 | 271.73 |
pH值 | 84 | 8.73 | 6.80 | 7.43 | 0.34 | 4.56 |
水化学指标 | 各主因子载荷 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | |
Na+ | 0.98 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.06 |
Cl- | 0.96 | -0.02 | 0.17 | 0.04 |
K+ | 0.94 | -0.04 | -0.17 | 0.09 |
Mg2+ | 0.89 | 0.02 | 0.31 | 0.08 |
Mn | 0.80 | -0.12 | 0.02 | -0.08 |
Fe | -0.03 | 0.90 | -0.13 | 0.02 |
TPH | -0.36 | 0.72 | 0.16 | -0.08 |
| 0.17 | 0.72 | -0.09 | -0.12 |
Ca2+ | 0.36 | -0.07 | 0.80 | 0.11 |
pH | 0.10 | 0.05 | -0.79 | 0.15 |
| 0.31 | -0.03 | 0.36 | 0.34 |
| -0.06 | -0.05 | 0.15 | 0.82 |
| 0.08 | -0.10 | -0.28 | 0.73 |
特征值 | 4.57 | 1.88 | 1.72 | 1.39 |
方差贡献率/% | 35.16 | 14.49 | 13.18 | 10.72 |
累积方差贡献率/% | 35.16 | 49.65 | 62.83 | 73.55 |
Table 2 Main factor loadings of groundwater hydrochemical indexes
水化学指标 | 各主因子载荷 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | |
Na+ | 0.98 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.06 |
Cl- | 0.96 | -0.02 | 0.17 | 0.04 |
K+ | 0.94 | -0.04 | -0.17 | 0.09 |
Mg2+ | 0.89 | 0.02 | 0.31 | 0.08 |
Mn | 0.80 | -0.12 | 0.02 | -0.08 |
Fe | -0.03 | 0.90 | -0.13 | 0.02 |
TPH | -0.36 | 0.72 | 0.16 | -0.08 |
| 0.17 | 0.72 | -0.09 | -0.12 |
Ca2+ | 0.36 | -0.07 | 0.80 | 0.11 |
pH | 0.10 | 0.05 | -0.79 | 0.15 |
| 0.31 | -0.03 | 0.36 | 0.34 |
| -0.06 | -0.05 | 0.15 | 0.82 |
| 0.08 | -0.10 | -0.28 | 0.73 |
特征值 | 4.57 | 1.88 | 1.72 | 1.39 |
方差贡献率/% | 35.16 | 14.49 | 13.18 | 10.72 |
累积方差贡献率/% | 35.16 | 49.65 | 62.83 | 73.55 |
电子受体 | 生物降解反应 | 自由能/(kJ·mol-1) | 反应顺序 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
| 5CH2O+4 | (3) | -448 | 1st |
Mn4+ | CH2O+3CO2+2MnO2+H2O→Mn2+4 | (5) | -349 | 2nd |
Fe3+ | CH2O+7CO2+4Fe(OH)3→Fe2++8 | (4) | -114 | 3rd |
| 2CH2O+ | (6) | -77 | 4th |
Table 3 Biodegradation kinetics of TPH in the presence of 4 electron acceptors used in this study
电子受体 | 生物降解反应 | 自由能/(kJ·mol-1) | 反应顺序 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
| 5CH2O+4 | (3) | -448 | 1st |
Mn4+ | CH2O+3CO2+2MnO2+H2O→Mn2+4 | (5) | -349 | 2nd |
Fe3+ | CH2O+7CO2+4Fe(OH)3→Fe2++8 | (4) | -114 | 3rd |
| 2CH2O+ | (6) | -77 | 4th |
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