Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2020, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 159-169.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2019.12.2
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GUO Qinghai1(), HE Tong1, ZHUANG Yaqin1, LUO Jin2, ZHANG Canhai3
Received:
2019-06-02
Revised:
2019-10-20
Online:
2020-01-20
Published:
2020-01-20
CLC Number:
GUO Qinghai, HE Tong, ZHUANG Yaqin, LUO Jin, ZHANG Canhai. Expansion of fracture network in granites via chemical stimulation: a laboratory study[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(1): 159-169.
实验条件 | 注入流速 /(mL·min-1) | 岩心裂隙渗透率/(10-4μm2) | 渗透率比值 k3-avg/k1-avg | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
注前置液 | 注中置液 | 注后置液 | ||||||||||
k1-avg | k2-avg / k2-max | k3-avg | ||||||||||
1 | 2.60 | 3.85 | / | 4.65 | 4.37 | 1.68 | ||||||
10% HCl | 3 | 7.61 | 11.09 | / | 14.53 | 9.51 | 1.25 | |||||
5 | 3.01 | 4.13 | / | 5.56 | 4.76 | 1.56 | ||||||
1 | 0.48 | 1.76 | / | 3.31 | 3.41 | 7.15 | ||||||
10% HCl+0.5% HF | 3 | 1.67 | 21.7 | / | 90.95 | 18.93 | 11.34 | |||||
5 | 2.98 | 16.61 | / | 27.47 | 21.16 | 7.11 | ||||||
1 | 5.87 | 3.55 | / | 4.90 | 1.24 | 0.21 | ||||||
10% NaOH | 3 | 6.18 | 1.74 | / | 2.82 | 0.30 | 0.05 | |||||
5 | 9.76 | 0.84 | / | 1.59 | 0.08 | 0.01 |
Table 1 Permeability change of rock samples in different stages of chemical stimulation test
实验条件 | 注入流速 /(mL·min-1) | 岩心裂隙渗透率/(10-4μm2) | 渗透率比值 k3-avg/k1-avg | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
注前置液 | 注中置液 | 注后置液 | ||||||||||
k1-avg | k2-avg / k2-max | k3-avg | ||||||||||
1 | 2.60 | 3.85 | / | 4.65 | 4.37 | 1.68 | ||||||
10% HCl | 3 | 7.61 | 11.09 | / | 14.53 | 9.51 | 1.25 | |||||
5 | 3.01 | 4.13 | / | 5.56 | 4.76 | 1.56 | ||||||
1 | 0.48 | 1.76 | / | 3.31 | 3.41 | 7.15 | ||||||
10% HCl+0.5% HF | 3 | 1.67 | 21.7 | / | 90.95 | 18.93 | 11.34 | |||||
5 | 2.98 | 16.61 | / | 27.47 | 21.16 | 7.11 | ||||||
1 | 5.87 | 3.55 | / | 4.90 | 1.24 | 0.21 | ||||||
10% NaOH | 3 | 6.18 | 1.74 | / | 2.82 | 0.30 | 0.05 | |||||
5 | 9.76 | 0.84 | / | 1.59 | 0.08 | 0.01 |
Fig.6 SEM images of the fracture surfaces of rock samples treated by various chemical agents, showing the overall erosion. (a) After hydrochloric acid injection; (b) After mud acid injection; and (c) After injection of sodium hydroxide solution.
实验条件 | 注入流速 /(mL·min-1) | pH | 化学组分质量浓度/(mg·L-1) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K | Na | Ca | Mg | Al | Fe | Si | Cl | F | |||
1 | -0.42 | 220.3 | 384.3 | 334.4 | 265.4 | 265.4 | 603.9 | 57.8 | 106.5 | n.d. | |
10% HCl | 3 | -0.43 | 179.5 | 358.7 | 291.3 | 194.1 | 182.3 | 404.9 | 47.4 | 107.2 | n.d. |
5 | -0.42 | 98.5 | 352.2 | 255.2 | 127.6 | 103.2 | 457.8 | 46.1 | 105.1 | n.d. | |
1 | -0.37 | 195.7 | 614.8 | 434.6 | 122.3 | 396.1 | 277.1 | 373.7 | 103.5 | 5.1 | |
10% HCl+0.5% HF | 3 | -0.37 | 277.1 | 665.4 | 464.1 | 172.5 | 414.7 | 308.0 | 770.0 | 102.8 | 4.9 |
5 | -0.37 | 266.4 | 654.2 | 393.2 | 156.3 | 445.8 | 303.5 | 438.6 | 103.2 | 5.0 | |
1 | 14.04 | 144.7 | 1 217.6 | 127.5 | 13.7 | 13.0 | n.d. | 47.4 | n.d. | n.d. | |
10% NaOH | 3 | 14.04 | 143.9 | 742.7 | 103.8 | 13.8 | 3.5 | n.d. | 31.1 | n.d. | n.d. |
5 | 14.05 | 154.0 | 1 216.0 | 195.9 | 25.4 | 4.2 | n.d. | 52.9 | n.d. | n.d. |
Table2 PHs and major constituent concentrations of the liquid phase after chemical stimulation test
实验条件 | 注入流速 /(mL·min-1) | pH | 化学组分质量浓度/(mg·L-1) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K | Na | Ca | Mg | Al | Fe | Si | Cl | F | |||
1 | -0.42 | 220.3 | 384.3 | 334.4 | 265.4 | 265.4 | 603.9 | 57.8 | 106.5 | n.d. | |
10% HCl | 3 | -0.43 | 179.5 | 358.7 | 291.3 | 194.1 | 182.3 | 404.9 | 47.4 | 107.2 | n.d. |
5 | -0.42 | 98.5 | 352.2 | 255.2 | 127.6 | 103.2 | 457.8 | 46.1 | 105.1 | n.d. | |
1 | -0.37 | 195.7 | 614.8 | 434.6 | 122.3 | 396.1 | 277.1 | 373.7 | 103.5 | 5.1 | |
10% HCl+0.5% HF | 3 | -0.37 | 277.1 | 665.4 | 464.1 | 172.5 | 414.7 | 308.0 | 770.0 | 102.8 | 4.9 |
5 | -0.37 | 266.4 | 654.2 | 393.2 | 156.3 | 445.8 | 303.5 | 438.6 | 103.2 | 5.0 | |
1 | 14.04 | 144.7 | 1 217.6 | 127.5 | 13.7 | 13.0 | n.d. | 47.4 | n.d. | n.d. | |
10% NaOH | 3 | 14.04 | 143.9 | 742.7 | 103.8 | 13.8 | 3.5 | n.d. | 31.1 | n.d. | n.d. |
5 | 14.05 | 154.0 | 1 216.0 | 195.9 | 25.4 | 4.2 | n.d. | 52.9 | n.d. | n.d. |
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