白云鄂博矿床磁铁矿成分标型与深部富铁矿体预测

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.10.45

地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 426-439.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.10.45

• 成藏-成矿作用与评价 • 上一篇下一篇

白云鄂博矿床磁铁矿成分标型与深部富铁矿体预测

徐志豪¹^,²(), 闫国英³, 杨宗锋¹^,²^,^*(), 王昭静³, 申俊峰², 张萌萌², 李培培¹^,², 徐渴鑫²

1.中国地质大学(北京) 地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 北京 100083
2.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院成因矿物学研究中心, 北京 100083
3.包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司矿山研究院(有限责任公司), 内蒙古包头 014010

收稿日期:2022-10-17 修回日期:2022-11-10 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-01-05
通信作者: 杨宗锋
作者简介:徐志豪(1997—),男,硕士研究生,矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业。E-mail: 2001200062@cugb.edu.cn
基金资助:
包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司矿山研究院(有限责任公司)2021年A类重点项目“白云鄂博稀土-铌-铁资源矿物标型学研究”(BGKY-ZH-2021-Z-017)

Typomorphic characteristics of magnetite and prediction of deep iron-rich orebody in the Bayan Obo ore deposit

XU Zhihao¹^,²(), YAN Guoying³, YANG Zongfeng¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Zhaojing³, SHEN Junfeng², ZHANG Mengmeng², LI Peipei¹^,², XU Kexin²

1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. Research Center of Genetic Mineralogy, School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
3. Minging Research Institute of Baotou Steel (Group) Corp., Baotou 014010, China

Received:2022-10-17 Revised:2022-11-10 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-01-05
Contact: YANG Zongfeng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

白云鄂博稀土-铌-铁矿床蕴藏着大量的铁资源,其中磁铁矿作为矿石矿物被广泛研究。磁铁矿的矿物标型特征可以指示矿床成因、成矿规律以及深部找矿,但磁铁矿标型矿物学尚未在白云鄂博矿床中普及与应用。本研究使用了22条勘探线全铁数据,利用扫描电镜能谱和电子探针的矿物微区成分测试方法,测试了覆盖600 m×600 m,纵深800 m范围内10条勘探线的45件样品,将白云鄂博矿床中的磁铁矿分为岩浆型和热液型,表明岩浆和热液在白云鄂博矿床中均形成或改造磁铁矿。结合磁铁矿温度计得知,岩浆型磁铁矿,尤其是高温磁铁矿富集的区域,矿床全铁成分更加富集,更容易形成富铁矿体,磁铁矿形成的温度为350~650 ℃。因此推测,12、13号线的深部东部方向有很大可能形成富铁矿体,可能在深部连接东矿,值得进一步研究与开采。

关键词: 白云鄂博矿床, 磁铁矿, 标型矿物, 热液, 岩浆, 找矿

Abstract:

The Bayan Obo rare earth-niobium-iron ore deposit contains a large amount of iron resources, among which magnetite has been widely studied as an ore mineral. Typomorphic characteristics of magnetite can be used to explore the genesis, metallogenic regularity and deep prospecting of the ore deposit, however, they have not been commonly studied in the Bayan Obo ore deposit. In this paper, the total iron data of 22 exploration lines were used, and mineral micro-zone composition testing was performed on 45 samples from 10 exploration lines covering 600 × 600 meters in area and 800 meters in depth, using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron probe (EPMA) methods. The Bayan Obo magnetite can be divided into magmatic and hydrothermal magnetites, indicating both are formed or modified in the ore deposit. Combined with thermometric data, it can be seen that wherever magnetites are enriched, the local total iron content is also higher, and iron-rich orebodies are easy to form at formation temperatures ranging between 350-650℃. Under such observation, deep iron-rich orebodies are likely to form in the eastern direction of Line 12 and 13 and may be connected to the eastern deep ore deposit, which is worthy of further research and exploitation.

Key words: Bayan Obo deposit, magnetite, typomorphic mineral, hydrothermal, magma, prospecting

中图分类号:

P618.31

徐志豪, 闫国英, 杨宗锋, 王昭静, 申俊峰, 张萌萌, 李培培, 徐渴鑫. 白云鄂博矿床磁铁矿成分标型与深部富铁矿体预测[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(2): 426-439.

XU Zhihao, YAN Guoying, YANG Zongfeng, WANG Zhaojing, SHEN Junfeng, ZHANG Mengmeng, LI Peipei, XU Kexin. Typomorphic characteristics of magnetite and prediction of deep iron-rich orebody in the Bayan Obo ore deposit[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(2): 426-439.

图/表 11

图1 白云鄂博矿床区域地质图(底图据文献[54-55]修改)

Fig.1 Regional geological map of the Bayan Obo deposit. Base map modified after [54-55].

图2 白云鄂博主矿不同矿石水平分布图及样品采样位置分布(底图据文献[2]修改)

Fig.2 Horizontal distribution map of different ore and sampling locations in Bayan Obo main mine. Base map modified after [2].

表1 白云鄂博矿床全铁、REE2O3、Nb2O5数据表(部分)

Table 1 Data table of total iron, REE2O3, Nb2O5 in Bayan Obo deposit

图3 白云鄂博主矿采样点示意图纵投影图:将数据投影到与其勘探线方向垂直的理想平面上而构成的投影图;横坐标数字代表勘探线号(200代表二号线)。底图为矿床全铁含量纵投影等值线图,具体数据见表1。

Fig.3 Diagram of sampling points in Bayan Obo main deposit

表2 白云鄂博磁铁矿主量元素(部分)

Table 2 Major element of Bayan Obo magnetite

图4 白云鄂博矿床中磁铁矿内主要元素含量纵投影等值线图

Fig.4 Longitudinal projection contour map of the contents of major elements (wB/%) in magnetite in Bayan Obo deposit

图5 部分样品的磁铁矿中扫描电镜能谱数据和电子探针数据对比图图中每一个点为成分测试点分析的平均值。

Fig.5 Comparison of SEM-EDS data and EPMA data in magnetite of some samples

图6 白云鄂博磁铁矿成因分类投图(底图据文献[32])

Fig.6 Genetic classification of BayanObo magnetite. Base map adapted from [32].

图7 热液型磁铁矿比例(%)纵投影等值线图

Fig.7 Longitudinal projection contour map of proportion of hydrothermal magnetite (%)

图8 磁铁矿纵投影等温线(℃)图

Fig.8 Longitudinal projection isotherm (℃) of magnetite

图9 岩浆型磁铁矿纵投影等温线(℃)图(A)与热液型磁铁矿纵投影等温线(℃)图(B)

Fig.9 Longitudinal projection isotherm (℃) of magmatic magnetite (A) and longitudinal projection isotherm (℃) of hydrothermal magnetite (B)

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白云鄂博矿床磁铁矿成分标型与深部富铁矿体预测

Typomorphic characteristics of magnetite and prediction of deep iron-rich orebody in the Bayan Obo ore deposit

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