图1 中亚造山带构造位置图(A)、中国东北大地构造图(B)和大兴安岭地区地质与矿产分布图(C)(A据文献[11]修编;B据文献[12]修编;C据文献[13]修编)

Fig.1 Tectonic position of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) (A), tectonic sketch maps of Northeast China (B), and geological and mineral distribution map of the Greater Xing’an Range area (C). Modified after [12] for A, [11] for B, and [13] for C.

图2 多宝山矿田地质简图(A)和铜山与多宝山与争光矿区地质图(B-D) (A据文献[20]修编;B据文献[21]修编;C据文献[22]修编;D据文献[23]修编)

Fig.2 Geological map of the Duobaoshan ore field (A) and the Tongshan, Duobaoshan, and Zhengguang deposits (B-D). Modified after [20] for A, [21] for B, [22] for C, and [23] for D.

图3 铜山矿区1064号勘探线剖面图(A)、多宝山矿区66号勘探线剖面图(B)和争光矿区49275号勘探线剖面图(C)(A据文献[28]修编;B据文献[22]修编;C据文献[23]修编)

Fig.3 Cross-sections of the Tongshan deposit (No.1064) (A), the Duobaoshan deposit (No.66) (B), and the Zhengguang deposit (No. 49275) (C). Modified after [28] for A, [22] for B, and [23] for C.

图4 多宝山矿田流体包裹体均一温度和盐度图(A-C)与不同盐度NaCl-H2O体系沸腾曲线深度-温度图(D)(数据来源:铜山,据文献[4,8];多宝山,据文献[6,8,38];争光,据文献[4])

Fig.4 Homogenization temperature and salinity diagram of fluid inclusions in the Duobaoshan ore field (A-C) and depth-temperature diagram of boiling curve of NaCl-H2O system with different salinities in the Zhengguang deposit (D). Adapted from [4,6,8,38].

图5 多宝山矿田H-O-S-Pb-Re同位素地球化学图解(数据来源于文献[4-5,9-10,19,22,24-25,30,32,34,42⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-49]) A—石英流体包裹体H-O同位素组成图解,底图据文献[39];B—硫同位素组成分布与直方图,底图据文献[40];C,D—铅同位素增长曲线图,底图据文献[41];E—同位素年代分布直方图;F—成矿年龄与辉钼矿Re含量关系图。

Fig.5 Isotope geochemical characteristic diagrams of H-O-S-Pb-Re in the Duobaoshan ore field. Adapted from [4-5,9-10,19,22,24-25,30,32,34,42⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-49].

图6 全球斑岩-浅成低温热液型铜钼金矿床分布与显生宙成矿时代示意图(据文献[52-53]修改)

Fig.6 Global distribution of porphyry-epithermal copper, molybdenum, and gold mineralization and Phanerozoic metallogenic age statistical diagram. Modified after [52-53].

图7 多宝山地区成矿深度与剥蚀程度示意图(A)、不同斑岩铜矿剥蚀程度与地表蚀变矿化对应位置示意图(B)(据文献[63]修改)

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of mineralization depth and denudation degree in the Duobaoshan ore field (A) and schematic diagram showing the degree of denudation in major porphyry copper deposits and the corresponding alteration and mineralization positions at the denudation surface (B). Modified after [63].

图8 全球范围斑岩铜-浅成低温热液金矿床逆断层制约矿体保存的统计示意图(全球地形底图据www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global.) (数据来源:铜山,本文;Oyu Tolgoi,据文献[56];Tsagaan Suvarga,据文献[67];多不杂,据文献[72];铁格隆南,据文献[72];Cukaru Peki, 据文献[68];Resolution和Ray,据文献[65,71];Camaguey,据文献[69];Chuquicamata,据文献[70])

Fig.8 Schematic map showing that reverse faults restricting the preservation of ore bodies in porphyry-epithermal deposits worldwide (Global topographic map is from www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/global.). Data sources: Tongshan (this study); Oyu Tolgoi, from [56]; Tsagaan Suvarga, from [67]; Duobuzha, from [72]; Teglonan, from [72]; Cukaru Peki, from [68]; Resolution and Ray, from [65,71]; Camaguey, from [69]; Chuquicamata, from [70].

图9 多宝山矿田古生代成矿斑岩地球化学图解(数据来源:文献[4,18,22,45,74-75]) A—SiO2-(Na2O + K2O)投点图(底图据文献[77]);B— SiO2-K2O投点图(底图据文献[78]);C—成矿岩体球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式;D—原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图解(标准化数据来源于文献[76])。

Fig.9 Geochemical diagrams of Paleozoic porphyry in the Duobaoshan ore field. Data from [4,18,22,45,74-75].

图10 多宝山矿田古生代成矿斑岩岩石成因与构造判别图解(数据来自文献[4,18,22,45,74-75]) A—Sr/Y-Y图解(底图据文献[79]);B—R1-R2构造判别图解(底图据文献[80]);C—Ta/Yb-Th/Yb图解(底图据文献[81]);D—Rb-Hf-Ta图解(底图据文献[81]);E—Mg#-SiO2图解(底图据文献[82]);F—MgO-SiO2图解(底图据文献[82])。

Fig.10 Petrogenesis and tectonic discrimination diagrams of Paleozoic porphyry in the Duobaoshan ore field. Data from [4,18,22,45,74-75].

图11 中亚造山带古生代斑岩型铜钼金矿床金属资源量与样品号示意图(A)、$\lg f_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}$与T(℃)关系图(B)、成矿规模与ΔFMQ值关系图(C)和Ce4+/Ce3+-Eu/Eu*图解(D)(数据来源:文献[4,56-57,87-88])

Fig.11 Sketch map of metal resources and sample numbers of Paleozoic porphyry copper-molybdenum-gold deposits in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (A); The relationship between $\lg f_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}$ and T(℃) (B); The relationship between metallogenic scale and ΔFMQ value (C); Ce4+/Ce2+-Eu/Eu* plot (D). Data from [4,56-57,87-88].

图12 多宝山矿田斑岩-浅成低温热液成矿系统的矿床模型图(A)和古生代成矿动力学模式图(B)(据文献[2]修改)

Fig.12 Porphyry-epithermal metallogenic model (A) and Paleozoic metallogenic dynamic model diagram (B) of the Duobaoshan ore field. Modified after [2].