岩浆因素对中国东部铜陵矿集区差异性矿化的控制作用:来自角闪石、斜长石矿物学证据

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.12.60

地学前缘 ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 199-217.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.12.60

• 金属成矿作用与成矿预测 • 上一篇下一篇

岩浆因素对中国东部铜陵矿集区差异性矿化的控制作用:来自角闪石、斜长石矿物学证据

陈可¹^,²(), 邵拥军¹^,², 刘忠法¹^,²^,^*(), 张俊柯¹^,², 李永顺¹^,², 陈雨莹¹^,²

1.中南大学有色金属成矿预测与地质环境监测教育部重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410083
2.中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院, 湖南长沙 410083

收稿日期:2022-11-26 修回日期:2023-12-15 出版日期:2024-05-25 发布日期:2024-05-25
通信作者: *刘忠法(1982—),男,副教授,从事矿床学及地球化学研究。E-mail: liuzf61521@csu.edu.cn
作者简介:陈可(1996—),男,博士研究生,地质学专业。E-mail: chenke1026@csu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41972081);国家自然科学基金项目(41702078);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2021RC4055)

The controlling role of magmatic factors on the differential mineralization in the Tongling ore district, eastern China: Evidence from the mineralogy of amphibole and plagioclase

CHEN Ke¹^,²(), SHAO Yongjun¹^,², LIU Zhongfa¹^,²^,^*(), ZHANG Junke¹^,², LI Yongshun¹^,², CHEN Yuying¹^,²

1. Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Ministry of Education), Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
2. School of Geoscience and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

Received:2022-11-26 Revised:2023-12-15 Online:2024-05-25 Published:2024-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

冬瓜山铜(金)矿床和新桥硫铁铜金矿床是铜陵矿集区内两个大型夕卡岩型矿床,二者成矿地质背景相似,矿体产于同一地层层位,冬瓜山矿床以黄铜矿和磁黄铁矿为主,新桥矿床以黄铁矿和磁铁矿为主,二者矿物组合差异性非常明显,但造成二者矿物组合差异的关键控制因素还不清楚。针对这一科学问题,本文以二者成矿岩体中的角闪石和斜长石为研究对象,拟揭示岩浆因素对二者差异性矿化的控制作用。冬瓜山矿床青山脚石英二长闪长岩和新桥矿床矶头石英闪长岩角闪石和斜长石岩相学和电子探针(EPMA)主量元素和LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析结果显示,青山脚岩体中的角闪石大部分属于镁角闪石系列;矶头岩体中的角闪石大部分属于镁角闪石和浅闪石系列。青山脚岩体和矶头岩体的角闪石结晶压力、结晶温度、结晶深度、氧逸度和含水量分别为41~306 MPa和23~225 MPa,691~916 ℃和634~918 ℃,1.6~11.6 km和0.9~8.5 km,ΔNNO=0~2.3和ΔNNO=-0.4~2.4,3.7%~5.5%和3.1%~5.4%,青山脚和矶头岩体内角闪石以地壳型为主,少部分为壳幔混合型。两个岩体中斜长石多为中长石,根据斜长石结构和成分剖面特征,推测青山脚和矶头岩体晶体群分别来自5个和4个不同的岩浆子系统,都经历了镁铁质岩浆的注入和混合作用。我们认为镁铁质岩浆中氧逸度和元素含量的差异控制了冬瓜山和新桥的差异性矿化。

关键词: 角闪石, 斜长石, 成因矿物学, 夕卡岩型矿床, 铜陵矿集区

Abstract:

The Dongguashan Cu (Au) deposit and the Xinqiao S-Fe-Cu-Au deposit are two large skarn-type deposits in the Tongling Ore District. These deposits share a similar metallogenic geological background and are located in the same stratigraphic horizon. However, they exhibit distinct differences in mineral assemblages with the Dongguashan deposit being dominated by chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, while the Xinqiao deposit is characterized by pyrite and magnetite dominance. The factors influencing these contrasting mineral assemblages remain unclear. To address this scientific question, this study focuses on amphibole and plagioclase in the ore-forming rock masses of both deposits to investigate the magmatic influences on their differential mineralization. Petrographic analysis, EPMA major element analysis, and LA-ICP-MS trace element analysis were conducted on amphibole and plagioclase from the Qingshanjiao quartz monzodiorite of the Dongguashan deposit and the Jitou quartz diorite of the Xinqiao deposit. The results reveal that most amphiboles in the Qingshanjiao rock mass belong to the magnesium amphibole series, whereas those in the Jitou rock mass belong to both the magnesium amphibole and amphibole series. The crystallization pressure, crystallization temperature, crystallization depth, oxygen fugacity and water content of amphibole in the Qingshanjiao and Jitou intrusions are 41-306 MPa and 23-225 MPa, 691-916 ℃ and 634-918 ℃, 1.6-11.6 km and 0.9-8.5 km, ΔNNO=0-2.3 and ΔNNO=-0.4-2.4, 3.7%-5.5% and 3.1%-5.4%, respectively. The amphiboles in both intrusions are predominantly of crustal origin, with some showing characteristics of crust-mantle mixing. Plagioclase in both rock masses is predominantly feldspar. Based on the structure and composition profile of plagioclase, it is suggested that the crystal groups in the Qingshanjiao and Jitou rock masses originate from five and four different magma subsystems, respectively, and have undergone mafic magma injection and mixing. The study proposes that variations in oxygen fugacity and element content in mafic magmas play a key role in controlling the differential mineralization observed in the Dongguashan and Xinqiao deposits.

Key words: amphibole, plagioclase, genetic mineralogy, skarn-type deposit, Tongling ore district

中图分类号:

陈可, 邵拥军, 刘忠法, 张俊柯, 李永顺, 陈雨莹. 岩浆因素对中国东部铜陵矿集区差异性矿化的控制作用:来自角闪石、斜长石矿物学证据[J]. 地学前缘, 2024, 31(3): 199-217.

CHEN Ke, SHAO Yongjun, LIU Zhongfa, ZHANG Junke, LI Yongshun, CHEN Yuying. The controlling role of magmatic factors on the differential mineralization in the Tongling ore district, eastern China: Evidence from the mineralogy of amphibole and plagioclase[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(3): 199-217.

图/表 17

图1 长江中下游成矿带岩浆岩及矿床分布简图(据文献[8]修改)

Fig.1 Sketch geological map of magmatic rocks and deposits in the MLYB. Modified after [8].

图2 铜陵矿集区地质图(据文献[8]修改)

Fig.2 Geological map of the Tongling ore district. Modified after [8].

图3 (a)狮子山矿田地质图;(b)冬瓜山矿床典型剖面图 (a据文献[27]修改;b据文献[32]修改)

Fig.3 (a) Geological map of the Shizishan ore field; (b) Typical cross-section of the Dongguashan deposit. a modified after [27]; b modified after [32].

图4 (a)新桥矿田地质图;(b)新桥矿床典型剖面图 (a据文献[23]修改;b据文献[31]修改)

Fig.4 (a) Geological map of the Xinqiao ore field; (b) Typical cross-section of the Xinqiao deposit. a modified after [23]; b modified after [31].

图5 青山脚和矶头石英(二长)闪长岩手标本及镜下照片 Amp—角闪石;Pl—斜长石;Qtz—石英;Bt—黑云母。

Fig.5 Hand specimens and microscopic photos of Qingshanjiao and Jitou quartz (oligoclase) diorites

图6 青山脚和矶头石英(二长)闪长岩角闪石分类图(引自文献[38])

Fig.6 Classification diagram of amphibole in Qingshanjiao and Jitou quartz (oligoclase) diorites. Adapted from [38].

图7 青山脚和矶头石英(二长)闪长岩斜长石分类图

Fig.7 Classification diagram of plagioclase in Qingshanjiao and Jitou quartz (oligoclase) diorites

图8 青山脚岩体中斜长石的背散射照片(左)和成分剖面(右)

Fig.8 Backscattered electron images (left) and the composition profiles (right) of the representative plagioclase grains in the Qingshanjiao pluton

图9 青山脚岩体中斜长石的微量元素成分剖面

Fig.9 Trace element composition profile of plagioclase in the Qingshanjiao rock body

图10 矶头岩体中斜长石的背散射照片(左)和成分剖面(右)

Fig.10 Backscattered electron images (left) and the composition profiles (right) of the representative plagioclase grains in the Jitou pluton

图11 矶头岩体中斜长石的微量元素成分剖面

Fig.11 Trace element composition profiles of representative plagioclase grains in the Jitou pluton

图12 青山脚岩体中角闪石的背散射照片(左)和成分剖面(右)

Fig.12 BSE images(left) and the composition profiles (right) of the representative amphibole grains in the Qingshanjiao pluton

图13 矶头岩体中角闪石的背散射照片(左)和成分剖面(右)

Fig.13 BSE images (left) and the composition profiles (right) of the representative amphibole grains in the Jitou pluton

图14 青山脚和矶头石英(二长)闪长岩角闪石p-T(a)、$\lg f_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}$ -T(b)、H2Omelt-p(c)和ΔNNO-h(d)图解

Fig.14 p-T(a),$\lg f_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}$ -T(b),H2Omelt-p(c) and ΔNNO-h(d) plots for amphibole from the Qingshanjiao and Jitou quartz (monzo) diorite

图15 青山脚和矶头石英(二长)闪长岩角闪石Si-(Si+Ti+Al)(a)、Mg-(Mg+Fe2+)(b)、TiO2-Al2O3(c)、(Na+K)-IVAl(d)、AlT-Si(e)和Ca-(Fe2++Fe3+)-Mg(f)图解

Fig.15 Si-(Si+Ti+Al)(a),Mg-(Mg+Fe2+)(b),TiO2-Al2O3(c),(Na+K)-IVAl(d),AlT-Si(e) and Ca-(Fe2++Fe3+)-Mg(f) plots for amphibole from the Qingshanjiao and Jitou quartz (monzo) diorite

图16 青山脚和矶头石英(二长)闪长岩成因模式简图

Fig.16 The schematic diagram showing a possible magmatic system for the Qingshanjiao and Jitou quartz (monzo) diorites

图17 青山脚和矶头石英(二长)闪长岩斜长石Ba-Sr(a)和Fe-Mg(b)图解

Fig.17 Ba-Sr(a) and Fe-Mg(b) plots for plagioclase from the Qingshanjiao and Jitou quartz (monzo) diorites

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岩浆因素对中国东部铜陵矿集区差异性矿化的控制作用:来自角闪石、斜长石矿物学证据

The controlling role of magmatic factors on the differential mineralization in the Tongling ore district, eastern China: Evidence from the mineralogy of amphibole and plagioclase

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