地学前缘 ›› 2018, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 50-58.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.2018.03.004

• 贵金属与有色金属 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国钨矿成矿地质特征与资源潜力分析

夏庆霖，汪新庆，刘壮壮，李童斐，冯磊   

  1. 1. 中国地质大学(武汉) 紧缺矿产资源勘查协同创新中心, 湖北 武汉 430074
    2. 固体矿产勘查国家级实验教学示范中心(中国地质大学(武汉)), 湖北 武汉 430074
    3. 中国地质大学(武汉) 资源学院, 湖北 武汉 430074
    4. 中国地质调查局 国土资源航空物探遥感中心, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-15 修回日期:2018-02-26 出版日期:2018-05-15 发布日期:2018-05-15
  • 作者简介:夏庆霖(1968—)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事矿产资源勘查与预测评价研究。E-mail:qlxia@cug.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“南岭成矿带成矿奇异性过程对热液型钨矿床空间分布的控制作用”(41672328)；中国地质调查局项目“全国重要矿产总量预测”(1212010733806)

Tungsten metallogenic geological features and mineral resources potential analyses in China.

XIA Qinglin,WANG Xinqing,LIU Zhuangzhuang,LI Tongfei,FENG Lei   

  1. 1. Cooperative Innovation Center for Scarce Mineral Resources Exploration, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
    2. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mineral Exploration Education China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
    3. Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
    4. Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2017-10-15 Revised:2018-02-26 Online:2018-05-15 Published:2018-05-15

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摘要： 钨矿是中国传统优势矿种，前人在钨矿成矿理论方面积累了非常丰富的研究成果。然而，随着近年来在江西、云南和新疆等地取得的多项钨矿重大找矿突破，对原有的钨成矿带地质认识提出了挑战，急需进一步分析和总结其地质特征、成矿规律和资源潜力，为今后地质找矿工作提供理论指导。文中采用矿床模型综合地质信息预测方法，在各省区钨矿资源潜力预测成果的基础上，以MapGIS为平台，进行数据库汇总与综合分析研究。首先，基于全国1 538处钨矿产地数据的统计分析，初步总结了中国钨矿时空分布特征，以及岩浆岩、构造和地层等控矿因素。其次，根据钨矿床及预测区的空间分布和大地构造单元，划分了56个钨矿成矿区带。再次，将钨矿的预测类型划分为石英脉型、夕卡岩型、斑岩型、云英岩型、陆相火山岩型、沉积变质型、层控夕卡岩型和砂矿型，并建立了主要钨矿类型的预测模型。最后，在全国范围累计圈定的1 357个最小预测，累计预测资源量(WO3)2 973×104 t。根据钨矿区域成矿特征，将最小预测区归并为461个二级预测区，并进一步合并为118个钨矿三级预测区，其中，找矿潜力大的河南卢氏—栾川、新疆白干湖、湖南香花岭—瑶岗仙、甘肃野马滩—干巴河脑、江西坪背山—八仙脑和大湖塘等6个三级预测区可优先部署钨矿勘查工作。

关键词: 钨矿床, 成矿地质特征, 资源潜力评价, 中国

Abstract: Tungsten is one of traditional dominant mineral resources in China where a great deal of achievements have been made on tungsten metallogenic theories. However, the recent discovery of large tungsten deposits in Jiangxi, Yunnan and Xinjiang provinces poses new challenges to the traditional tungsten metallogenic theory, as it fails to explain the occurrences of these deposits. Therefore further studies on geological features, metallogenic pattern and resource potential of tungsten deposit are needed to provide theoretical guidance for future tungsten prospecting. Here, building on the tungsten resource potential prediction data from various provinces, we used mineral deposit model and comprehensive geological information prediction method to perform comprehensive database analyses with MapGIP platform. Based on the statistical analyses of 1538 tungsten mineral occurrences, the temporospatial distribution characteristics of tungsten deposits and orecontrol factors such as magmatites, structures and strata were summarized. Fifty six tungsten metallogenic belts were delineated according to tectonic units and locations of tungsten deposits and prospective areas. Prediction types of tungsten deposit were classified into quartz vein, skarn, porphyry, greisen, volcanic, sedimentmetamorphism, layered skarn and placer types, and prediction model for the main types was established. Finally, a total of 1357 minimum prospective areas were delineated nationwide, with a cumulative predicted WO3 resources of 29.73 million tons. According to the regional metallogenic characteristics, minimum prospective areas were merged into 461 levelⅡ prospective areas, and further combined into 118 levelⅢ prospective areas. Priority exploration targets were assigned to six levelⅢ prospective areas with better mineral potentials, including LusiLuanchuan area in Henan province, Baiganhu area in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, XianghualingYaogangxian area in Hunan Province, YematanGanbahenao area in Gansu Province, PingbeishanBaxiannao and Dahutang areas in Jiangxi Province.

Key words:  tungsten deposit, metallogenic geological features, mineral resources potential assessment, China

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