Tectono-depositional environment and prototype basin evolution in the Ordos Basin during the Early Permian

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.2.70

Abstract

Abstract:

Major breakthroughs have been made in tight-gas sandstone exploration in the Lower Permian of the Ordos Basin with the discovery of a series of large tight-gas fields in recent years. Studying the tectono-depositional environment and prototype basins of this period is fundamental to understanding the evolutionary process of the Ordos Basin area, and is helpful for advancing oil and gas exploration in this region. Using the latest borehole and outcrop data and combining previous research results, we reconstructed the regional tectono-depositional environment in the Early Permian. Furthermore, we explored the properties and evolution of the prototype basin.The tectono-depositional environment of the Early Permian is characterized by active continental margins, impacted by subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean in the northern margin and Mianlue Ocean in the southern margin. The inherited Taiyuan Formation developed on the basis of the paleo-terrain of the Late Carboniferous, and the base plane indicates an upward paleogeography in this period dominated by a broad tidal flat and lagoon environment, with small tide-dominated delta formed in the north and south of the basin. The Shanxi period was the key period of sea-land transition in the Ordos Basin as seawater quickly retreated from the southeastern part of the basin. During the early depositional stage, the Shanxi Formation, influenced by regional compression, formed sea-land transitional system dominated by delta system, with residual tidal flat-open platform in the eastern part of the basin; in the late stage, base plane first rose and then fell, and the residual marine facies receded southward. After deposition of the Shanxi Formation, continental sedimentation began. The basin was characterized by stable subsidence in the Early Permian, with stable cratonic properties. Thus the Early Permian basin had the characteristics of an intra-cratonic depression. Peripheral tectonic environment, differential subsidence of lake basins, and development of paleo-uplift/depression had a significant impact on the evolution of sedimentary filling during this period in controlling the expansion of the deposition center to the east of the basin.

Key words: Early Permian, prototype basin, tectono-depositional environment, Ordos Basin, palaeogeography

CLC Number:

ZHAI Yonghe, HE Dengfa, KAI Baize. Tectono-depositional environment and prototype basin evolution in the Ordos Basin during the Early Permian[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(2): 139-153.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1 Distribution of the Early Permian sampling points and survey lines in the Ordos Basin and adjacent areas

Fig.2 Stratigraphic division and correlation of the Early Permian of the Ordos Basin and adjacent areas

Fig.3 Comparison of basement subsidence curves obtained (a) from reference (modified from [48]) and (b) from this study

Fig.4 Comprehensive stratigraphic column diagram for the Lower Permian of well Longtan-1 in the eastern Ordos Basin

Fig.5 Typical lithofacies of and contact relationships in the Early Permian Taiyuan Formation in the Ordos Basin

Fig.6 Tectono-depositional environment of the Early Permian Taiyuan Formation in the Ordos Basin and adjacent areas

Fig.7 Tectono-depositional environment of 2nd member of the Early Permian Shanxi Formation in the Ordos Basin and adjacent areas

Fig.8 Tectono-depositional environment of 1st member of the Early Shanxi Formation in the Ordos Basin and adjacent areas

Fig.9 SN-striking correlation profile of the Early Permian of the Ordos Basin and adjacent areas (profile position see Fig.1)

Fig.10 EW-striking correlation profile of the Early Permian of the Ordos Basin and adjacent areas (profile location see Fig.1)

Fig.11 Typical lithofacies of and contact relationships in the Early Permian Shanxi Formation in the Ordos Basin

Fig.12 NS-striking evolution profiles of tectono-depositional environment and basin-mountain coupling relationships in the Ordos Basin in the Early Permian

Fig.13 EW-striking evolution profiles of tectono-depositional environment and basin-mountain coupling relationships in the Ordos Basin in the Early Permian

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