Effect of apatite on the stability of ferrihydrite in lacustrine sediments

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.5.49

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, we set out to investigate the mechanism of apatite-mediated dissolution and transformation of ferrihydrite in lacustrine sediments, and the synergic environmental effect of both minerals. We carried out in-situ ferrihydrite transformation experiments in the Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, China. The results show that ferrihydrite remained stable in 1-month cultured samples, whereas in apatite-added samples we observed obvious mineral phase transformation after 3-month culturing. The change of newly formed iron mineral assemblage composition with depth in the top 50 cm sedimentary layer were goethite+magnetite/maghemite → goethite+lepidocrocite → goethiten in the winter experiments, or goethite+lepidocrocite+magnetite/maghemite → goethite+lepidocrocite → no new mineral in the summer experiments. Transmission electron microscopy observations show that magnetic minerals formed in winter are nanosized magnetite and maghemite, while in summer they are mainly magnetite. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis only found P in 3-month cultured samples in winter at a sedimentary depth of no more than 20 cm. The experimental results suggest that the progressive steps in the apatite-mediated ferrihydrite transformation process in lacustrine sediments are as follows: (1) apatite is dissolved by microorganisms and P is released during dissolution; (2) dissolved P promotes iron-reducing bacterial growth; (3) iron-reducing bacteria promote ferrihydrite reduction and release of dissolved Fe²⁺; and (4) dissolved Fe²⁺ catalyzes the transformation of ferrihydrite to goethite, lepidocrocite, and magnetite. In winter at the sedimentary redox boundary, the functional microorganisms responsible for apatite dissolution and ferrihydrite reduction can grow better, thus the risk of endogenous phosphorus release is much greater.

Key words: ferrihydrite, apatite, lacustrine sediment, redox boundary, stability, transformation

CLC Number:

LUO Shaoyong, ZHOU Yuefei, LIU Xing. Effect of apatite on the stability of ferrihydrite in lacustrine sediments[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(5): 218-226.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Photo showing the experimental setup (a) and samples (b) and schematic cross-section of the sampling bag (c)

Fig.2 XRD patterns of ferrihydrite samples after 3-month culturing in winter

Fig.3 XRD patterns of ferrihydrite samples after 3-month culturing in summer

Table 1 Magnetic susceptibilities of ferrihydrite samples

实验编号	距水-沉积物界面不同深度处水铁矿磁化率/ (10^-8 m³·kg^-1)
实验编号	10 cm	20 cm	30 cm	40 cm	50 cm
A11	201	198	189	178	205
A12	407	501	477	638	325
A21	190	191	191	188	190
A22	18 478	23 664	6 282	3 579	8 565
B11	287	254	246	247	257
B12	245	242	239	239	250
B21	429	953	1203	408	559
B22	22 632	19 926	879	4 046	696

Table 2 Fe2+ to total Fe ratio for some ferrihydrite samples

实验编号	距水-沉积物界面不同深度处样品Fe²⁺/总Fe比值
实验编号	10 cm	20 cm	30 cm	40 cm	50 cm
A22	3.4	2.7	0.3	0.4	0.6
B22	3.1	3.0	—	—	—

Fig.4 XPS patterns of P in ferrihydrite samples after 3-month culturing

Fig.5 TEM patterns of particles magnetically separated from sample A22-10

Fig.6 TEM patterns of particles magnetically separated from sample B22-10

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