Tectono-thermal mechanism and hydrocarbon generation action in the North Yellow Sea Eastern Sub-basin

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.6.20

Abstract

Abstract:

The North Yellow Sea Eastern Sub-basin is a typical Meso-Cenozoic small superimposed faulted basin, currently in its early exploration phase. Comprehensive studies on the complex tectonic-thermal evolution in this region are lacking. By integrating vitrinite reflectance (R_o) and apatite fission track (AFT) analysis, the thermal history and geothermal gradient of the Meso-Cenozoic era have been reconstructed in this basin, alongside assessments of erosion thickness and processes. These investigations have enabled an analysis of the thermal evolution history of Middle-Upper Jurassic source rocks. Results indicate that paleo-heat flow peaked at 75-90 mW/m² during 120-100 Ma, decreased to 60 mW/m² at 40 Ma, and then rose to 70 mW/m² at present. Correspondingly, temperatures declined gradually from 100-70 Ma but rapidly dropped during 70-40 Ma, with the geothermal gradient shifting from 34-36 ℃/km to 23 ℃/km before rising to 28 ℃/km. Overall, paleo-geothermal gradient and heat flow were higher before the Late Cretaceous, aligning with the transition from a faulted basin to a depression basin. Intense uplift and erosion occurred during the Late Cretaceous-Eocene, resulting in an erosion thickness of approximately 1.0-1.5 km. Deposition slowed or ceased during 100-90 Ma, with significant uplift occurring during 85-40 Ma, especially rapid during 70-40 Ma. The tectonic-thermal history has influenced hydrocarbon generation, with both Middle and Upper Jurassic source rocks experiencing early hydrocarbon generation during the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous. In the central depression, erosion thickness was thinner in the Lower Cretaceous-Eocene, while deposition thickness was thicker in the Oligocene-Quaternary, leading to higher present-day strata temperatures and favoring late hydrocarbon generation. Exploration efforts for potential accumulation should focus on areas surrounding hydrocarbon generation depressions.

Key words: Eastern Sub-basin, apatite fission track, vitrinite reflectance, tectonic-thermal history, hydrocarbon generation action

CLC Number:

LIU Jinping, WANG Gaiyun, JIAN Xiaoling, ZHU Chuanqing, HU Xiaoqiang, YUAN Xiaoqiang, WANG Chao. Tectono-thermal mechanism and hydrocarbon generation action in the North Yellow Sea Eastern Sub-basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(4): 206-218.

Figures/Tables 14

References 44

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原样号	深度/m	层位	n	ρ_s/(10⁵·cm^-2) (N_s)	ρ_i/(10⁵·cm^-2) (N_i)	ρ_d/(10⁵·cm^-2) (N)	P(x²)/ %	(中值年龄 ±1σ)/Ma	(池年龄 ±1σ)/Ma	(L±σ)/μm (N)
NYS3-AF1	1 220	E₃	28	3.670 (671)	11.885 (2 173)	16.757 (8 116)	63.8	101±7	101±7	12.4±1.9 (102)
NYS3-AF2	4 646	J₂	33	0.455 (55)	10.272 (1 242)	16.976 (8 116)	75.9	15±2	15±2
NYS3-AF3	2 725	J₃	28	0.709 (149)	3.925 (825)	17.197 (8 116)	97.1	61±6	61±6	12.0±2.2 (63)
NYS3-AF4	2 603	J₃	27	0.488 (69)	2.474 (350)	17.528 (8 116)	91.8	67±10	67±10
NYS3-AF5	2 298	K₁	28	2.456 (948)	11.828 (4 566)	18.520 (8 116)	45.2	75±5	75±5	12.0±1.6 (108)
NYS1-AF6	1 600	E₃	28	3.986 (549)	14.464 (1 992)	17.417 (8 116)	100	93±6	93±6	12.0±2.1 (104)
NYS1-AF7	2 619	J₃	28	1.129 (332)	3.643 (1 071)	17.197 (8 116)	62.2	104±8	104±8	12.2±1.9 (106)
NYS1-AF8	2 544	K₁	30	0.876 (110)	4.123 (518)	16.976 (8 116)	100	70±8	70±8	10.8±2.9 (20)
NYS1-AF9	2 421	K₁	15	5.116 (433)	17.451 (1 477)	16.757 (8 116)	27.1	96±7	96±8	11.9±1.6 (58)
NYS2-AF10	1 000	E₃	19	4.942 (410)	23.456 (1 945)	16.757 (8 116)	12.3	69±6	69±5	12.1±2.0 (57)
NYS7-AF11	3 685	K₁	28	2.45 (642)	18.274 (4 789)	18.52 (8 116)	0	49±6	49±3	10.5±2.1 (93)

原样号	深度/m	层位	n	ρ_s/(10⁵·cm^-2) (N_s)	ρ_i/(10⁵·cm^-2) (N_i)	ρ_d/(10⁵·cm^-2) (N)	P(x²)/ %	(中值年龄 ±1σ)/Ma	(池年龄 ±1σ)/Ma	(L±σ)/μm (N)
NYS3-AF1	1 220	E₃	28	3.670 (671)	11.885 (2 173)	16.757 (8 116)	63.8	101±7	101±7	12.4±1.9 (102)
NYS3-AF2	4 646	J₂	33	0.455 (55)	10.272 (1 242)	16.976 (8 116)	75.9	15±2	15±2
NYS3-AF3	2 725	J₃	28	0.709 (149)	3.925 (825)	17.197 (8 116)	97.1	61±6	61±6	12.0±2.2 (63)
NYS3-AF4	2 603	J₃	27	0.488 (69)	2.474 (350)	17.528 (8 116)	91.8	67±10	67±10
NYS3-AF5	2 298	K₁	28	2.456 (948)	11.828 (4 566)	18.520 (8 116)	45.2	75±5	75±5	12.0±1.6 (108)
NYS1-AF6	1 600	E₃	28	3.986 (549)	14.464 (1 992)	17.417 (8 116)	100	93±6	93±6	12.0±2.1 (104)
NYS1-AF7	2 619	J₃	28	1.129 (332)	3.643 (1 071)	17.197 (8 116)	62.2	104±8	104±8	12.2±1.9 (106)
NYS1-AF8	2 544	K₁	30	0.876 (110)	4.123 (518)	16.976 (8 116)	100	70±8	70±8	10.8±2.9 (20)
NYS1-AF9	2 421	K₁	15	5.116 (433)	17.451 (1 477)	16.757 (8 116)	27.1	96±7	96±8	11.9±1.6 (58)
NYS2-AF10	1 000	E₃	19	4.942 (410)	23.456 (1 945)	16.757 (8 116)	12.3	69±6	69±5	12.1±2.0 (57)
NYS7-AF11	3 685	K₁	28	2.45 (642)	18.274 (4 789)	18.52 (8 116)	0	49±6	49±3	10.5±2.1 (93)

井号	深度/m	油层温度/℃
NYS3	2 921~2 959	86.2
NYS3	2 699~2 718	80.5
NYS1	2 323~2 351	68.0
NYS1	2 615~2 625	72.0
NYS2	2 947~2 964	84.1
NYS2	3 040~3 081	84.5

井号	深度/m	油层温度/℃
NYS3	2 921~2 959	86.2
NYS3	2 699~2 718	80.5
NYS1	2 323~2 351	68.0
NYS1	2 615~2 625	72.0
NYS2	2 947~2 964	84.1
NYS2	3 040~3 081	84.5