Source-sink processes, paleoenvironment and paleomonsoon evolution in the Northeast Indian Ocean

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.9.18

Abstract

Abstract:

The Northeast Indian Ocean (NIO) sits at a unique geographical location, where marine sediments record the source-sink processes in the Tibetan Plateau-Bengal fan, the sea-air interaction during the Indian and Asian monsoon season, and the phase relationship between the evolution of heat transfer in the Indian Pacific Warm Pool and the high-latitude climate. It records as well the climate-tectonics-sedimentation (CTS) coupling evolution in the Himalayas, and is an ideal window to study multi-sphere interactions and explore paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental changes. This paper summarizes a series of research advances in recent years on the characteristics of monsoon and surface circulation, sediment composition and provenance, climate and environmental changes, and magnetic records of the NIO. The analysis shows that the NIO is a typical monsoon wind field where the surface circulation is strongly influenced by monsoons and obviously different between summer and winter. The sediment includes terrigenous detritus zircon ransported by rivers, calcareous and siliceous biodeposits and volcanic materials. However, there are still disagreements over the regional sediment composition, source-sink processes, migration history, monsoon evolution as well as the relationship between the Tibetan Plateau uplift and high-latitude climate change in the NIO. In addition, limited by sampling issues and weak magnetic signal, environmental magnetism, a widely accepted method for sediment source tracing and paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental restoration, has not been fully developed and applied in the NIO. Therefore, it is necessary to extend research focus further south and deeper into the NIO region and conduct a comprehensive analysis of its source-sink processes in the future. In order to solve the regional climate and environmental problems such as monsoon evolution and paleomarine environmental change, and advance local environmental and climate research, method developments are needed, which include improving high precision techniques to extract magnetic signals, and finding effective proxy indicators to increase application of environmental magnetism. Also, it is very important to establish high-resolution paleosecular variation (PSV) records for revising the global geomagnetic field model and exploring the deep dynamic process of the Earth in the NIO.

Key words: Northeast Indian Ocean, provenance, paleoenvironment, plateau uplift, monsoon evolution, environmental magnetism

CLC Number:

P736.21
P724

GUAN Yulong, CHEN Liang, JIANG Zhaoxia, LI Sanzhong, XIAO Chunfeng, CHEN Long. Source-sink processes, paleoenvironment and paleomonsoon evolution in the Northeast Indian Ocean[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(5): 102-118.

Figures/Tables 8

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区域	沉积物类型	沉积物主要来源
孟加拉扇	陆源碎屑,少量火山物质、生物沉积	喜马拉雅山及青藏高原、印度、东南亚等区域
安达曼海	陆源碎屑,碳酸盐含量较低,微量火山源物质	青藏高原、马来西亚半岛等区域
中印度洋海盆	分带明显,向南陆源碎屑减少、硅质软泥增多,少量火山物质	远洋生物,青藏高原、印度、东南亚等区域
东经90°海岭	钙质软泥,少量陆源的粉砂、黏土以及火山玻璃等	远洋生物,青藏高原、印度、东南亚、印尼群岛等区域

区域	沉积物类型	沉积物主要来源
孟加拉扇	陆源碎屑,少量火山物质、生物沉积	喜马拉雅山及青藏高原、印度、东南亚等区域
安达曼海	陆源碎屑,碳酸盐含量较低,微量火山源物质	青藏高原、马来西亚半岛等区域
中印度洋海盆	分带明显,向南陆源碎屑减少、硅质软泥增多,少量火山物质	远洋生物,青藏高原、印度、东南亚等区域
东经90°海岭	钙质软泥,少量陆源的粉砂、黏土以及火山玻璃等	远洋生物,青藏高原、印度、东南亚、印尼群岛等区域

区域	岩心	沉积物类型	磁性矿物类型	磁畴	参考文献
孟加拉湾	MD77-180	陆源泥质黏土和钙质软泥	钛磁铁矿	PSD	[83]
孟加拉湾	MD77-181	粉砂质黏土	磁铁矿	PSD	[82,94]
孟加拉湾	GD盆地	粗粒玄武质、硅质碎屑	软铁磁性矿物	SD	[122]
孟加拉湾	MD161系列	细粒碎屑和碳酸盐组分	钛磁铁矿,少量钛赤铁矿	SP/SD	[123-124]
安达曼海	MD77-169	黏土和粉砂质泥	钛磁铁矿	PSD	[83]

区域	岩心	沉积物类型	磁性矿物类型	磁畴	参考文献
孟加拉湾	MD77-180	陆源泥质黏土和钙质软泥	钛磁铁矿	PSD	[83]
孟加拉湾	MD77-181	粉砂质黏土	磁铁矿	PSD	[82,94]
孟加拉湾	GD盆地	粗粒玄武质、硅质碎屑	软铁磁性矿物	SD	[122]
孟加拉湾	MD161系列	细粒碎屑和碳酸盐组分	钛磁铁矿,少量钛赤铁矿	SP/SD	[123-124]
安达曼海	MD77-169	黏土和粉砂质泥	钛磁铁矿	PSD	[83]