Advances in tectonics-geomorphology-climate-ecosystem dynamics

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.3.12

Abstract

Abstract:

The interactions between tectonics, geomorphology, climate, and ecosystems constitute the foundation of surface-Earth system dynamics. Investigating these complex interactions and their implications is a central objective of systems science. For instance, tectonic processes not only drive landscape evolution but also exert significant influence on climate change and ecosystem dynamics. Conversely, climate change drives landscape transformation and ecosystem shifts, while ecosystems, through biogeochemical cycles, provide feedback mechanisms that influence landscape evolution and climate regulation. The evolution of the surface-Earth system inherently depends on the synergistic interactions among these components. Over geological timescales, plate tectonics and landscape reorganization have triggered regional climate shifts and biological turnovers. On modern timescales, these couplings maintain the dynamic equilibrium of Earth’s surface environment. Systematic research into these interactions is critical for understanding the sustainability of the surface-Earth system. This study reviews the coupling relationships between tectonics, climate, and landscapes, as well as between landscapes, climate, and ecosystems. It aims to uncover the dynamics of tectonics-geomorphology-climate-ecosystem interactions and establish a systematic framework for surface-Earth system science. The Tibetan Plateau, with its unique tectonic activity, complex geomorphology, diverse climatic zones, and sensitive ecosystems, serves as a natural laboratory for studying these dynamics. Comprehensive investigations into the interactions on the Tibetan Plateau will address key scientific questions in surface-Earth system science and offer valuable insights into global environmental change. Advancing research on tectonics-geomorphology-climate-ecosystem dynamics requires quantitative studies on the coupling and co-evolution of these factors. This can be achieved through interdisciplinary integration, field observations, laboratory analyses, big data approaches, and deep learning in artificial intelligence. Developing dynamic coupling models of Earth’s systems will enhance our understanding of the interactions among Earth’s spheres and provide theoretical support to tackle challenges posed by global change.

Key words: Earth system science, tectonic uplift, landscape evolution, climate change, ecosystem, weathering and denudation

CLC Number:

XU Sheng, YANG Ye, ZHANG Maoliang, SHAO Yanxiu, LI Yunshuai, XU Hai, LIU Jing, Liu Cong-Qiang. Advances in tectonics-geomorphology-climate-ecosystem dynamics[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2025, 32(3): 23-34.

Figures/Tables 2

References 89

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