Effects of the lacustrine hydrothermal activity in the Yanchang period on the abundance and type of organic matter in source rocks in the Ordos Basin

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.7.6

Abstract

Abstract:

We selected continuous core samples from the Yanchang Formation in Well YK1, southern Ordos Basin to completed a systematic source rock evaluation and geochemical and palynofacies analyses. We discussed the effects of lacustrine lake hydrothermal activity in the Yanchang period on the abundance and type of organic matter in source rocks. Field studies show that the high-quality source rocks developed in the Chang 7-3 interval are mainly carboniferous mudstone and oil shale, the well-developed source rocks from some sections of the Chang 7-1+2 interval are mainly gray-black mudstone, and the individual stratum of the Chang 6 member, interbedded with sandstone and mudstone interlayers, can also form good source rocks. The hydrothermal activity indicators, Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) and (Fe+Mn)/Ti ratios, show that the ancient lake underwent three episodes of significant hydrothermal activity corresponding to the above three stages of source rock development, with the peak intensity in the Chang 7-3 period. The source rock from Well YK1 can be divided into 3 types of palynofacies. Palynofacies A, mainly type III and a small amount of type II organic matter, is distributed in the Chang 8-9 and Chang 6-2+3 members, where translucent ligno-cellulosic fragments and gelified particles are dominant organic debris. Palynofacies B, distributed in the Chang 7-3 interval, is mainly amorphous type Ⅰ and Ⅱ₁ organic matter containing high abundance algae. Distributed in the Chang 7-1+2 interval, Palynofacies C is mainly amorphous type II organic matter with simultaneously developed phytoclasts. The source rock total organic carbon content, organic matter type and fraction of hydrocarbon-generating components correlate well with the intensity of hydrothermal activity. It suggests that hydrothermal activity may play a role in the lake algae and plankton proliferation, thereby improving the abundance and quality of organic matter in source rocks. Indeed, our study show that the algae bloom and high-quality source rock deposition occurred during the Chang 7-3 period of peak hydrothermal activity.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Triassic, Yanchang Formation, high-quality source rocks, hydrothermal activity

CLC Number:

P618.13

JI Liming, LI Jianfeng, ZHANG Mingzhen, HE Cong, MA Bo, JIN Peihong. Effects of the lacustrine hydrothermal activity in the Yanchang period on the abundance and type of organic matter in source rocks in the Ordos Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(1): 388-401.

Figures/Tables 12

References 53

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地层	参数相关指标	S₁/ (mg·g^-1)	S₂/ (mg·g^-1)	(S₁+S₂)/ (mg·g^-1)	PI	T_max/℃	S₃/ (mg·g^-1)	HI/ (mg·g^-1)	OI/ (mg·g^-1)	TOC含量 /%	w(S)/%
长4+5	分布范围	0~0.08	0.19~1.84	0.19~1.92	0.01~0.04	442~453	0.15~0.47	21~163	58~67	0.7~1.11	0.05~0.07
长4+5	均值(样品数)	0.04(2)	1.02(2)	1.06(2)	0.03(2)	448(2)	0.31(2)	92(2)	63(2)	0.91(2)	0.06(2)
长6	分布范围	0.01~5.24	0.14~81	0.15~86.24	0.01~0.19	433~447	0~0.54	10~470	11~110	0.47~17.84	0.05~6.39
长6	均值(样品数)	0.24(118)	3.74(118)	3.99(118)	0.09(118)	441(118)	0.02(118)	123(118)	54(118)	1.54(118)	0.52(118)
长7-1+2	分布范围	0.02~2.54	0.36~34.77	0.39~37.31	0.04~0.17	434~447	0~0.37	52~528	6~63	0.52~6.59	0.01~4.97
长7-1+2	均值(样品数)	0.38(66)	4.7(66)	5.09(66)	0.08(66)	441(66)	0.06(66)	215(66)	22(66)	1.6(66)	0.6(66)
长7-3	分布范围	0.02~16.22	0.08~130.62	0.1~146.84	0.05~0.29	428~451	0~0.42	16~716	6~69	0.5~29.91	0.02~9.55
长7-3	均值(样品数)	4.92(44)	48.25(44)	53.17(44)	0.11(44)	439(44)	0.09(44)	452(44)	14(44)	10.52(44)	4.28(44)
长8	分布范围	0~3.16	0.03~57.99	0.03~61.15	0.03~0.67	440~462	0~0.36	1~600	4~132	0.37~12.68	0.02~3.34
长8	均值(样品数)	0.24(50)	3.44(50)	3.69(50)	0.12(50)	446(50)	0.03(50)	97(50)	62(50)	1.99(50)	0.19(50)
长9	分布范围	0~2.57	0~56.22	0~58.79	0~1	438~464	0~4.77	0~557	2~143	0.08~18.11	0.01~1.22
长9	均值(样品数)	0.14(124)	2.65(124)	2.80(124)	0.09(124)	447(124)	0.25(124)	100(124)	43(124)	1.27(124)	0.12(124)
长10	分布范围	0~0.06	0~0.07	0~0.08	0~1		0~0.59	0~20	5~124	0.04~0.45	0.04~0.4
长10	均值(样品数)	0.01(14)	0.01(14)	0.02(14)	0.42(14)		0.19(14)	4(14)	46(14)	0.12(14)	0.16(14)

地层	参数相关指标	S₁/ (mg·g^-1)	S₂/ (mg·g^-1)	(S₁+S₂)/ (mg·g^-1)	PI	T_max/℃	S₃/ (mg·g^-1)	HI/ (mg·g^-1)	OI/ (mg·g^-1)	TOC含量 /%	w(S)/%
长4+5	分布范围	0~0.08	0.19~1.84	0.19~1.92	0.01~0.04	442~453	0.15~0.47	21~163	58~67	0.7~1.11	0.05~0.07
长4+5	均值(样品数)	0.04(2)	1.02(2)	1.06(2)	0.03(2)	448(2)	0.31(2)	92(2)	63(2)	0.91(2)	0.06(2)
长6	分布范围	0.01~5.24	0.14~81	0.15~86.24	0.01~0.19	433~447	0~0.54	10~470	11~110	0.47~17.84	0.05~6.39
长6	均值(样品数)	0.24(118)	3.74(118)	3.99(118)	0.09(118)	441(118)	0.02(118)	123(118)	54(118)	1.54(118)	0.52(118)
长7-1+2	分布范围	0.02~2.54	0.36~34.77	0.39~37.31	0.04~0.17	434~447	0~0.37	52~528	6~63	0.52~6.59	0.01~4.97
长7-1+2	均值(样品数)	0.38(66)	4.7(66)	5.09(66)	0.08(66)	441(66)	0.06(66)	215(66)	22(66)	1.6(66)	0.6(66)
长7-3	分布范围	0.02~16.22	0.08~130.62	0.1~146.84	0.05~0.29	428~451	0~0.42	16~716	6~69	0.5~29.91	0.02~9.55
长7-3	均值(样品数)	4.92(44)	48.25(44)	53.17(44)	0.11(44)	439(44)	0.09(44)	452(44)	14(44)	10.52(44)	4.28(44)
长8	分布范围	0~3.16	0.03~57.99	0.03~61.15	0.03~0.67	440~462	0~0.36	1~600	4~132	0.37~12.68	0.02~3.34
长8	均值(样品数)	0.24(50)	3.44(50)	3.69(50)	0.12(50)	446(50)	0.03(50)	97(50)	62(50)	1.99(50)	0.19(50)
长9	分布范围	0~2.57	0~56.22	0~58.79	0~1	438~464	0~4.77	0~557	2~143	0.08~18.11	0.01~1.22
长9	均值(样品数)	0.14(124)	2.65(124)	2.80(124)	0.09(124)	447(124)	0.25(124)	100(124)	43(124)	1.27(124)	0.12(124)
长10	分布范围	0~0.06	0~0.07	0~0.08	0~1		0~0.59	0~20	5~124	0.04~0.45	0.04~0.4
长10	均值(样品数)	0.01(14)	0.01(14)	0.02(14)	0.42(14)		0.19(14)	4(14)	46(14)	0.12(14)	0.16(14)

层位	参数相关指标	无定形有机质相对含量/%	植物碎屑相对含量/%				孢粉体相对含量/%	藻类体相对含量/%	各类型有机质频率/%
层位	参数相关指标	无定形有机质相对含量/%	凝胶化颗粒	半透明木质	丝质体	角质体	孢粉体相对含量/%	藻类体相对含量/%	Ⅰ	Ⅱ₁	Ⅱ₂	Ⅲ
Ch 6	分布范围	0~75	8.3~42.7	6.2~47.5	2.1~17	0.9~11.8	0~6.3	0~0	0	26.3	21.1	52.6
Ch 6	均值(样品数)	27.3(19)	27.9(19)	27.7(19)	10.7(19)	3.3(19)	3.1(19)	0(19)	0	26.3	21.1	52.6
Ch 7-1+2	分布范围	0~85.2	5~50	4~47.4	1~18.8	0~7.1	0~5.9	0~2	2.2	48.9	28.9	20
Ch 7-1+2	均值(样品数)	48(45)	22.3(45)	17.1(45)	8.4(45)	2.5(45)	1.7(45)	0(45)	2.2	48.9	28.9	20
Ch 7-3	分布范围	2.6~91.9	1~38.7	2~33	1~19.8	0~3.9	0~6.1	0~81	40	52.5	5	2.5
Ch 7-3	均值(样品数)	52.3(40)	9(40)	7.8(40)	4.1(40)	1(40)	0.6(40)	25.2(40)	40	52.5	5	2.5
Ch 8	分布范围	0~86.9	6.1~43.2	5.1~55.6	1~24	1~6.6	0~6.6	0~8	3	15.2	9.1	72.7
Ch 8	均值(样品数)	20.7(33)	28.6(33)	33.2(33)	12(33)	3.1(33)	2.2(33)	0.2(33)	3	15.2	9.1	72.7
Ch 9	分布范围	0~92.9	1~47.5	2~54.9	1~45.1	0~12.4	0~11.3	0~12	2.6	21.1	13.2	63.2
Ch 9	均值(样品数)	24.7(114)	28.6(114)	28.6(114)	12.9(114)	2.8(114)	2.1(114)	0.3(114)	2.6	21.1	13.2	63.2

层位	参数相关指标	无定形有机质相对含量/%	植物碎屑相对含量/%				孢粉体相对含量/%	藻类体相对含量/%	各类型有机质频率/%
层位	参数相关指标	无定形有机质相对含量/%	凝胶化颗粒	半透明木质	丝质体	角质体	孢粉体相对含量/%	藻类体相对含量/%	Ⅰ	Ⅱ₁	Ⅱ₂	Ⅲ
Ch 6	分布范围	0~75	8.3~42.7	6.2~47.5	2.1~17	0.9~11.8	0~6.3	0~0	0	26.3	21.1	52.6
Ch 6	均值(样品数)	27.3(19)	27.9(19)	27.7(19)	10.7(19)	3.3(19)	3.1(19)	0(19)	0	26.3	21.1	52.6
Ch 7-1+2	分布范围	0~85.2	5~50	4~47.4	1~18.8	0~7.1	0~5.9	0~2	2.2	48.9	28.9	20
Ch 7-1+2	均值(样品数)	48(45)	22.3(45)	17.1(45)	8.4(45)	2.5(45)	1.7(45)	0(45)	2.2	48.9	28.9	20
Ch 7-3	分布范围	2.6~91.9	1~38.7	2~33	1~19.8	0~3.9	0~6.1	0~81	40	52.5	5	2.5
Ch 7-3	均值(样品数)	52.3(40)	9(40)	7.8(40)	4.1(40)	1(40)	0.6(40)	25.2(40)	40	52.5	5	2.5
Ch 8	分布范围	0~86.9	6.1~43.2	5.1~55.6	1~24	1~6.6	0~6.6	0~8	3	15.2	9.1	72.7
Ch 8	均值(样品数)	20.7(33)	28.6(33)	33.2(33)	12(33)	3.1(33)	2.2(33)	0.2(33)	3	15.2	9.1	72.7
Ch 9	分布范围	0~92.9	1~47.5	2~54.9	1~45.1	0~12.4	0~11.3	0~12	2.6	21.1	13.2	63.2
Ch 9	均值(样品数)	24.7(114)	28.6(114)	28.6(114)	12.9(114)	2.8(114)	2.1(114)	0.3(114)	2.6	21.1	13.2	63.2