地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 69-79.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.2.29

• 深层-超深层碳酸盐岩储层形成环境、发育机理和成因模式 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地阿-满过渡带北部深循环岩溶作用的范围与机制

尤东华1,2(), 彭守涛3, 何治亮4,*(), 刘永立5, 韩俊5, 肖重阳5, 李映涛3   

  1. 1.页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 北京 100083
    2.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院 无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏 无锡 214126
    3.中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
    4.中国石油化工股份有限公司, 北京 100728
    5.中国石化西北油田分公司 石油勘探开发研究院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-13 修回日期:2023-02-15 出版日期:2023-11-25 发布日期:2023-11-25
  • 通讯作者: * 何治亮(1963—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事盆地分析与油气地质研究工作。E-mail: hezl.syky@sinopec.com
  • 作者简介:尤东华(1980—),男,副研究员,主要从事碳酸盐岩储层地质学研究工作。E-mail: youdh.syky@sinopec.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目“海相深层油气富集机理与关键工程技术基础研究(U19B6003);中国石化科技部项目“复杂构造-流体控制下深层优质规模储集体成因与分布预测技术(P20079kxjgz);中国石化科技部项目“海相深层油气成藏机理与差异富集规律(P20078kxjgz);中国石化科技部项目“塔北碳酸盐岩多类型规模储集体评价研究(P21048-1)

Scope and mechanism of deep fluid circulation in karst systems, northern Awati-Manjiaer transition zone, Tarim Basin

YOU Donghua1,2(), PENG Shoutao3, HE Zhiliang4,*(), LIU Yongli5, HAN Jun5, XIAO Chongyang5, LI Yingtao3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 100083, China
    2. Wuxi Institute of Petroleum Geology, Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Wuxi 214126, China
    3. Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
    4. China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, Beijing 100728, China
    5. Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Northwest Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, ürümqi 830011, China
  • Received:2023-01-13 Revised:2023-02-15 Online:2023-11-25 Published:2023-11-25

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摘要：

塔里木盆地阿-满过渡带是断控规模储集体发育的重要领域,断裂带内的流体事件是研究对象之一。通过对塔深6、跃进1-1x、顺北1-3x与顺北蓬1井地质与地球化学的综合分析,进一步阐述了深循环岩溶作用的范围与机制。塔深6井蓬莱坝组细晶白云岩经过去白云石化作用形成的“次生”灰岩、云质灰岩与巨晶方解石胶结物具有典型贫13C、贫18O特征,证实沙雅隆起岩溶流体作用在纵向上可达约1 200 m的深度(距$\mathrm{T}_{7}^{4}$不整合面)。跃进1-1x井发育4层洞穴并被泥质粉砂岩和粉砂质泥岩充填,具有褐铁矿等特征矿物,指示侧向岩溶流体的存在及较弱的水动力条件。顺北1-3x井3层洞穴内具有泥质充填物及火山岩岩屑,其方解石与褐铁矿的次生充填结构特征揭示地下暗河的搬运沉积作用。跃进1-1x井距桑塔木组剥蚀线附近塔深3井约76 km,顺北1-3x井与塔深3井的直线距离达90 km,表明岩溶流体在侧向上长距离迁移。顺北蓬1井鹰山组白云岩储层具有断裂-流体改造特征且自下而上储集性能连续性变差。白云岩中次生巨晶方解石胶结物呈明显的贫13C、贫18O与富87Sr特征,与塔河地区岩溶成因方解石具有强烈的可对比性,揭示其可能来源于深循环岩溶流体自下而上的侵入。深循环流体作用地质模式及顺北鹰1井鹰山组中次火山岩的存在表明流体迁移的驱动力可能来源于地层增温和/或地质热事件。岩溶流体深循环过程中的水-岩相互作用在一定条件下有利于阿-满过渡带深层、超深层碳酸盐岩储层的发育。

关键词: 深循环, 岩溶流体, 碳酸盐岩储层, 阿-满过渡带, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

The transition zone between the Awati and Manjiaer depressions, Tarim Basin is an important area with the development of large-scale fault-associated petroleum reservoirs. Focusing on the fluid events within the fault zone, this study aims to gain deeper insights into the scope and mechanism of deep fluid circulation in karst systems, through comprehensive geological and geochemical analyses of wells TS6, YJ1-1x, SHB1-3x, and SHBP1. The secondary and dolomitic limestones, formed from fine-crystalline dolomite via dedolomitization, and macrocrystalline calcite cements in the Penglaiba Formation of well TS6 are typically 13C, 18O depleted, indicating the depth of karstification in the Shaya uplift can reach ~1200 m (away from the $\mathrm{T}_{7}^{4}$ unconformity). Caves in well YJ1-1x contain four rock layers and are filled with argillaceous siltstone and silty mudstone, with characteristic minerals such as limonite, indicating the presence of lateral fluid flow and weak hydrodynamic conditions. In well SHB1-3x, caves with three rock layers contain argillaceous fillings and volcanic rock debris, and the structural characteristics of calcite and limonite as secondary fillings reveal sediment transport in the underground rivers. The distance between wells YJ1-1x and TS3 (near the erosion line of the Sangtamu Formation) is about 76 km, and the linear distance between wells SHB1-3x and TS3 is about 90 km, indicating long distance lateral fluid flow. The dolomite reservoir of the Yingshan Formation in well SHBP1 is characterized by fault-fluid transformation and continuous deterioration of reservoir performance from bottom to top. The secondary macrocrystalline calcite cements in dolomite are obviously 13C, 18O depleted and 87Sr enriched, which are strongly comparable to the calcite of karst origin in the Tahe area, suggesting the calcite cements may originate from the bottom-up intrusion of deep circulating fluids. The geological model of deep fluid circulation and the existence of subvolcanic rocks in the Yingshan Formation of well SHBY1 indicate the driving force behind fluid migration may come from stratum warming and/or geothermal events. The water-rock interaction during deep fluid circulation is conducive to the development of deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs in the Awati-Manjiaer transition zone under certain conditions.

Key words: deep fluid circulation, karst fluid, carbonate reservoir, Awati-Manjiaer transition zone, Tarim Basin

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