The clustering feature of time-space distributions of coal mine disasters and earthquake activities in China—an in-depth investigation

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.2.69

Abstract

Abstract:

The previous research on the time-space distribution features of coal mine disasters and earthquakes is a preliminary exploration on the basis of natural earthquakes. With microearthquakes added and time-space analysis methods improved, this paper obtains more comprehensive time-space distribution features. On the whole, the basic knowledge of the clustering feature of coal mine disasters and earthquakes remains unchanged. The data show that the number of clustering events increases significantly while the spatial range of clustering events decreases sharply, which, according to analysis, is primarily due to the close proximity between the high frequency microearthquakes and mining accident areas. Furthermore, the spatial range and duration of stress disturbance correspond to the degrees of spatial and temporal clustering, and this finding is of great significance to the scientific research and mining production. Based on the clustering research methods, a temporal threshold of 7 days and a spatial threshold of 27 km is obtained, meaning once a stress disturbance event occurs in the mining area, stress disturbance events may occur within 7 days and a 27 km radius. Still, typical cases show that the range of coal mine disasters and macroearthquakes can reach more than 100 km. The complete data of clustering events are available online (https://pan.baidu.com/s/1sjnCEh3). The time-space thresholds obtained here are for reference only.

Key words: earthquake, coal mine disaster, clustering, clustering events

CLC Number:

CHEN Bo. The clustering feature of time-space distributions of coal mine disasters and earthquake activities in China—an in-depth investigation[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(2): 548-560.

Figures/Tables 22

Fig.1 Examples of clustering events of coal mine disasters accompanied by natural earthquakes plus microearthquakes (circles indicate clustering events between June 10-18, 2003). Earthquakes data from [4]; coal mine disasters data from [5]; fault lines data from [6].

Fig.2 Examples of clustering events of coal mine disasters accompanied by natural earthquakes (circles indicate “missing” cluster events between June 10-18, 2003). Data sources see Fig.1.

Table 1 List of all earthquakes accompanying coal mine disasters for selected clustering events (microearthquake ID as negative numbers)

序列ID	灾害ID	其他事件ID	日期(2003-06-10—2003-06-18)									距离/km	间隔/d
序列ID	灾害ID	其他事件ID	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	距离/km	间隔/d
495	2 338	2 343		√								0	4
495	2 343	2 338	√									0	4
497	2 348	2 367						√				29.75	8
497	2 367	2 348				√						29.75	8
498	2 350	2 374							√			42.35	3
498	2 374	2 350				√						42.35	3
499	2 352	2 351				√						5.875 3	4
	2 352	-51 476	√									26.88	4
	2 351	2 352				√						5.87	4
	2 351	-51 476	√									26.13	4
500	2 358	-51 803							√			48.67	6
		-51 539		√								11.95	6
		-51 802							√			35.63	6
		-51 569			√							41.19	6
502	2 359	2 361						√				0	2
	2 359	2 370							√			13.02	2
	2 361	2 359					√					0	2
	2 361	2 370							√			13.02	2
	2 370	2 359										13.02	2
	2 370	2 361						√				13.02	2
503	2 365	-51 763							√			33.59	1
506	2 368	2 382									√	16.09	5
506	2 382	2 368							√			16.09	5

Fig.3 Time-frequency diagram of magnitudes 0.0-2.0 earthquakes

Fig.4 Time-frequency diagram of magnitudes 2.0-5.0 earthquakes

Fig.5 Time-frequency diagram of magnitudes 5.0-8.0 earthquakes

Fig.6 Schematic k-DIST graph (Horizontal axis: time/space point sequence number; Vertical axis: frequency)

Fig.7 Experimental data of spatial distribution features. Left: Spatial distribution diagram. Right: Distance-frequency distribution diagram over full distance range.

Table 2 k-DIST experimental data

蔟序号	点序号	X	Y	蔟序号	点序号	X	Y
S1	1	247	73	S4	20	274	133
	2	247	67		21	279	128
	3	248	72		22	279	133
	4	248	68		23	279	138
	5	250	70		24	284	133
	6	252	72	S5	25	232	105
	7	252	68		26	237	100
	8	253	73		27	237	105
	9	253	67		28	237	110
S2	10	247	122		29	242	105
	11	247	118	S6	30	301	54
	12	243	122		31	301	59
	13	243	118		32	301	64
	14	245	120		33	306	59
S3	15	286	103		34	311	74
	16	286	97	离散点	35	379	180
	17	289	100		36	296	59
	18	292	103		37	289	143
	19	292	97		38	279	153
离散点	40	267	90		39	257	100

Fig.8 Experimental k-DIST graph

Fig.9 Distance-frequency diagram for all clustering events

Fig.10 Distance-frequency diagram for all clustering events excluding earthquakes

Fig.11 Time interval-frequency diagram for all clustering events

Fig.12 Time interval-frequency diagram for all clustering events excluding earthquakes

Fig.13 Calculated k-DIST graph using all distance data

Fig.14 Calculated k-DIST graph using all distance data excluding earthquakes

Fig.15 Calculated k-DIST graph using distances between disaster and nearest events

Fig.16 Half time arrangement of k-DIST,vertical axis: interval (day),horizontal axis: point number

Fig.17 Nearest neighbor on time of coalmine disasters of k-DIST, vertical axis: interval (day), horizontal axis: point number

Table 3 Summary of time-space thresholds using different methods and data

方法	类型	空间阈值	时间阈值
频率分布	全排列	27 km	5 d
频率分布	半排列	NULL	7 d
k-DIST	全排列	20 km	NULL
	半排列	50 km	20 d
	灾害事件最近邻居	24 km	4 d

Fig.18 Frequency distributions of time intervals and distances between disaster and nearest events

Fig.19 Statistical diagram of time interval (left)/space (right) ratios concerning disaster and nearest events

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