Spatial-temporal distribution of fluid activities and its significance for hydrocarbon accumulation in the strike-slip fault zones, Shuntuoguole low-uplift, Tarim Basin

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.2.36

Abstract

Abstract:

The strike-slip faults in the Shunbei oil and gas field, Tarim Basin are essential for the reservoir formation and hydrocarbon accumulation. This research selects carbonate core samples containing fractured calcite veins from 23 drilling wells in eight major strike-slip faults in Shuntuoguole area to investigate fault-fluid interaction in the oil and gas field. Based on the petrography (diagenetic mineral types and cathodoluminescence characteristics) and lithogeochemistry (rare earth elements, strontium isotopes, carbon and oxygen isotopes) of calcite veins and laser ablation in situ U-Pb dating of calcite, the fractured calcite veins are divided into three types based on their formation environment and stage. Calcite veins formed in the first stage (474-444 Ma) are widely distributed in many faults, and their lithogeochemical characteristics indicate the diagenetic fluids are derived from formation water of the Middle-Lower Ordovician. Calcite veins formed in the second stage (441-403 Ma) are mostly distributed in fault zones east of Shunbei No. 5 fault, and Cambrian formation water and deep thermal fluids of the burial period are the sources of the diagenetic fluids. Calcite veins formed in the third stage (374-326 Ma)—with diagenetic fluids likely originated from deep thermal fluids—are only observed in a few samples from Shunbei Nos. 4 and 5 strike-slip faults and Shunnan area. In situ U-Pb dating results suggest the three calcite phases coincide with faulting events in the Middle Caledonian, Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian, and Late Hercynian, respectively. Moreover, the occurrence and characteristics of hydrocarbon-bearing inclusions in calcite veins imply liquid hydrocarbon charging during the Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian and Late Hercynian and crude oil cracking in the study area. The method of direct dating of strike-slip faults by in-situ U-Pb dating of carbonate minerals has broad applications, and the combination of in situ calcite U-Pb dating and hydrocarbon inclusion analysis can directly establish the time of hydrocarbon charging and evolution of dynamic hydrocarbon accumulation in a multi-cycle superposition basin.

Key words: calcite vein, fault-fluid coupling, hydrocarbon accumulation, Shunbei oil and gas field, Tarim Basin

CLC Number:

LI Huili, GAO Jian, CAO Zicheng, ZHU Xiuxiang, GUO Xiaowen, ZENG Shuai. Spatial-temporal distribution of fluid activities and its significance for hydrocarbon accumulation in the strike-slip fault zones, Shuntuoguole low-uplift, Tarim Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(6): 316-328.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of structural location and source-reservoir-cap combination within the Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

Fig.2 Photographs of the Ordovician cores contained tectogenetic calcite veins in the Shunbei oil and gas field, Tarim Basin

Fig.3 Photos showing transmission light (A), cathodoluminescence (B), and scanning electron microscope (C-D) of representative calcite samples from the Middle-Lower Ordovician reservoirs in the Shuntuoguole low uplift, Tarim Basin

Fig.4 In-situ U-Pb ages distribution characteristics and representative U-Pb ages of the calcite veins in Middle-Lower Ordovician reservoirs from different strike-slip faults, Shuntuoguole low uplift

Fig.5 Rare-earth element distribution model of calcite veins and surrounding rocks in Middle- Lower Ordovician reservoirs from different strike-slip faults, Shuntuoguole low uplift

Fig.6 Strontium isotopes characteristics of calcite veins from Middle-Lower Ordovician reservoirs in the different strike-slip faults, Shuntuoguole Low Uplift

Fig.7 Crosspot of carbon and oxygen isotopes of calcite veins from Lower-Middle Ordovician reservoirs in different strike-slip faults, Shuntuoguole low uplift

Fig.8 Micrograph of typical oil inclusions in calcite veins in the Middle and Lower Ordovician reservoirs of different strike-slip faults, Shuntuoguole low uplift

References 64

[1]	马永生, 蔡勋育, 云露, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北超深层碳酸盐岩油气田勘探开发实践与理论技术进展[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2022, 49(1): 1-17. DOI
[2]	邬光辉, 成丽芳, 刘玉魁, 等. 塔里木盆地寒武-奥陶系走滑断裂系统特征及其控油作用[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2011, 32(3): 239-243.
[3]	邓尚, 李慧莉, 张仲培, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北及邻区主干走滑断裂带差异活动特征及其与油气富集的关系[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(5): 878-888.
[4]	漆立新. 塔里木盆地顺北超深断溶体油藏特征与启示[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(1): 102-111. DOI
[5]	韩俊, 况安鹏, 能源, 等. 顺北5号走滑断裂带纵向分层结构及其油气地质意义[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(2): 152-160.
[6]	DENG S, ZHAO R, KONG Q F, et al. Two distinct strike-slip fault networks in the Shunbei area and its surroundings, Tarim Basin: hydrocarbon accumulation, distribution, and controlling factors[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2022, 106(1): 77-102. DOI URL
[7]	云露, 邓尚. 塔里木盆地深层走滑断裂差异变形与控储控藏特征: 以顺北油气田为例[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(6): 770-787. DOI
[8]	邬光辉, 陈志勇, 曲泰来, 等. 塔里木盆地走滑带碳酸盐岩断裂相特征及其与油气关系[J]. 地质学报, 2012, 86(2): 219-227.
[9]	王斌, 赵永强, 何生, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北5号断裂带北段奥陶系油气成藏期次及其控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(5): 965-974.
[10]	谷茸, 云露, 朱秀香, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北油田油气来源研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2020, 42(2): 248-254, 262.
[11]	漆立新, 丁勇. 塔里木盆地顺北地区东西部海相油气成藏差异[J]. 石油实验地质, 2023, 45(1): 20-28.
[12]	云露. 顺北东部北东向走滑断裂体系控储控藏作用与突破意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2021, 26(3): 41-52. DOI
[13]	刘恩涛, ZHAO J X, 潘松圻, 等. 盆地流体年代学研究新技术: 方解石激光原位U-Pb定年法[J]. 地球科学, 2019, 44(3): 698-712.
[14]	NURIEL P, WEINBERGER R, ROSENBAUM G, et al. Timing and mechanism of late-Pleistocene calcite vein formation across the Dead Sea Fault Zone, northern Israel[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 2012, 36: 43-54. DOI URL
[15]	BARKER S, BENNETT V C, COX S F, et al. Sm-Nd, Sr, C and O isotope systematics in hydrothermal calcite-fluorite veins: implications for fluid-rock reaction and geochronology[J]. Chemical Geology, 2009, 268(1/2): 58-66. DOI URL
[16]	SUCHY V, HEIJLEN W, SYKOROVA I, et al. Geochemical study of calcite veins in the Silurian and Devonian of the Barrandian Basin (Czech Republic): evidence for widespread post-Variscan fluid flow in the central part of the Bohemian Massif[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2000, 131(3/4): 201-219. DOI URL
[17]	GAO G, ELMORE R D, LAND L S. Geochemical constraints on the origin of calcite veins and associated limestone alteration, Ordovician Viola Group, Arbuckle Mountains, Oklahoma, USA[J]. Chemical Geology, 1992, 98(3/4): 257-269. DOI URL
[18]	MORAD S, AL-AASM I S, SIRAT M. Vein calcite in Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs of Abu Dhabi: record of origin of fluids and diagenetic conditions[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2010, 106(1/2/3): 156-170. DOI URL
[19]	MASKENSKAYA O M, DRAKE H, STR M M E. Geochemistry of calcite veins: records of fluid mixing and fluid-rock interaction[J]. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 2013, 7: 566-569. DOI URL
[20]	STURROCK C P, CATLOS E J, MILLER N R, et al. Fluids along the North Anatolian Fault, Niksar Basin, north central Turkey: insight from stable isotopic and geochemical analysis of calcite veins[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 2017, 101: 58-79. DOI URL
[21]	LI R X, DONG S W, LEHRMANN D, et al. Tectonically driven organic fluid migration in the Dabashan Foreland Belt: evidenced by geochemistry and geothermometry of vein-filling fibrous calcite with organic inclusions[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2013, 75: 202-212. DOI URL
[22]	CAO J, JIN Z J, HU W X, et al. Improved understanding of petroleum migration history in the Hongche fault zone, northwestern Junggar Basin (northwest China): constrained by vein-calcite fluid inclusions and trace elements[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2010, 27(1): 61-68. DOI URL
[23]	NOMURA S F, SAWAKUCHI A O, BELLO R S, et al. Paleotemperatures and paleofluids recorded in fluid inclusions from calcite veins from the northern flank of the Ponta Grossa dyke swarm: implications for hydrocarbon generation and migration in the Paraná Basin[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2014, 52: 107-124. DOI URL
[24]	SUCHY V, DOBE P, SYKOROVÁ I, et al. Oil-bearing inclusions in vein quartz and calcite and, bitumens in veins: testament to multiple phases of hydrocarbon migration in the Barrandian Basin (lower Palaeozoic), Czech Republic[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2010, 27(1): 285-297. DOI URL
[25]	邬光辉, 李建军, 卢玉红. 塔中Ⅰ号断裂带奥陶系灰岩裂缝特征探讨[J]. 石油学报, 1999, 20(4): 19-23. DOI
[26]	张丽娟, 邬光辉, 何曙, 等. 碳酸盐岩断层破碎带构造成岩作用: 以塔中Ⅰ号断裂带为例[J]. 岩石学报, 2016, 32(3): 922-934.
[27]	张鼐, 赵宗举, 肖仲尧, 等. 塔中Ⅰ号坡折带奥陶系裂缝方解石烃包裹体特征及成藏[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2010, 21(3): 389-396.
[28]	张鼐, 王招明, 杨海军, 等. 塔中Ⅰ号坡折带奥陶系流体包裹体期次及地质意义[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2010, 31(1): 22-25.
[29]	王斌, 杨毅, 曹自成, 等. 塔河油田中下奥陶统储层裂缝方解石脉U-Pb同位素年龄及油气地质意义[J]. 地球科学, 2021, 46(9): 3203-3216.
[30]	杨毅, 王斌, 曹自成, 等. 塔里木盆地顺托果勒低隆起北部中下奥陶统储层方解石脉成因及形成时间[J]. 地球科学, 2021, 46(6): 2246-2257.
[31]	李慧莉, 尤东华, 韩俊, 等. 塔里木盆地顺南—古城地区方解石脉流体来源及其对油气成藏的启示[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2020, 31(8): 1111-1125.
[32]	韩强, 云露, 蒋华山, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北地区奥陶系油气充注过程分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2021, 51(3): 645-658.
[33]	刘宝增. 塔里木盆地顺北地区油气差异聚集主控因素分析: 以顺北1号、顺北5号走滑断裂带为例[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(3): 83-95. DOI
[34]	何登发, 周新源, 杨海军, 等. 塔里木盆地克拉通内古隆起的成因机制与构造类型[J]. 地学前缘, 2008, 15(2): 207-221.
[35]	安海亭, 李海银, 王建忠, 等. 塔北地区构造和演化特征及其对油气成藏的控制[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2009, 33(1): 142-147.
[36]	邓尚, 李慧莉, 韩俊, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北5号走滑断裂中段活动特征及其地质意义[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(5): 990-998, 1073.
[37]	沈安江, 胡安平, 程婷, 等. 激光原位U-Pb同位素定年技术及其在碳酸盐岩成岩-孔隙演化中的应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2019, 46(6): 1062-1074. DOI
[38]	LUDWIG K R. User’s manual for Isoplot, version 3.0: a geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel[R]. Berkeley: Berkeley Geochronological Center Special Publication, 2003.
[39]	MCARTHUR J M, HOWARTH R J, BAILEY A T R. Strontium isotope stratigraphy: LOWESS Version 3: best fit to the marine Sr-isotope curve for 0-509 Ma and accompanying look-up table for deriving numerical age[J]. The Journal of Geology, 2001, 109(2): 155-170. DOI URL
[40]	黄思静, 刘树根, 李国蓉, 等. 奥陶系海相碳酸盐锶同位素组成及受成岩流体的影响[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2004, 31(1): 1-7.
[41]	DENISON R E, KOEPNICK R B, BURKE W H, et al. Construction of the Cambrian and Ordovician seawater ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr curve[J]. Chemical Geology, 1998, 152(3/4): 325-340. DOI URL
[42]	VEIZER J, ALA D, AZMY K, et al. ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater[J]. Chemical Geology, 1999, 161(1/2/3): 59-88. DOI URL
[43]	刘雨晴, 邓尚. 板内中小滑移距走滑断裂发育演化特征精细解析: 以塔里木盆地顺北4号走滑断裂为例[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2022, 51(1): 124-136.
[44]	邓尚, 刘雨晴, 刘军, 等. 克拉通盆地内部走滑断裂发育、演化特征及其石油地质意义: 以塔里木盆地顺北地区为例[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2021, 45(6): 1111-1126.
[45]	马庆佑, 沙旭光, 李玉兰, 等. 塔中顺托果勒区块走滑断裂特征及控油作用[J]. 石油实验地质, 2012, 34(2): 120-124.
[46]	吕海涛, 张哨楠, 马庆佑. 塔里木盆地中北部断裂体系划分及形成机制探讨[J]. 石油实验地质, 2017, 39(4): 444-452.
[47]	邬光辉, 马兵山, 韩剑发, 等. 塔里木克拉通盆地中部走滑断裂形成与发育机制[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021, 48(3): 510-520. DOI
[48]	李萌, 汤良杰, 李宗杰, 等. 走滑断裂特征对油气勘探方向的选择: 以塔中北坡顺1井区为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2016, 38(1): 113-121.
[49]	罗彩明, 梁鑫鑫, 黄少英, 等. 塔里木盆地塔中隆起走滑断裂的三层结构模型及其形成机制[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2022, 43(1): 118-131, 148.
[50]	LOTTERMOSER B G. Rare earth elements and hydrothermal ore formation processes[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 1992, 7(1): 25-41. DOI URL
[51]	胡文瑄, 陈琪, 王小林, 等. 白云岩储层形成演化过程中不同流体作用的稀土元素判别模式[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2010, 31(6): 810-818.
[52]	MCARTHUR J M, KENNEDY W J, GALE A S, et al. Strontium isotope stratigraphy in the Late Cretaceous: intercontinental correlation of the Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary[J]. Terra Nova, 1992, 4(3): 385-393. DOI URL
[53]	GAO J, HE S, ZHAO J, et al. Sm-Nd isochron dating and geochemical (rare earth elements, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, δ¹⁸O, δ¹³C) characterization of calcite veins in the Jiaoshiba shale gas field, China: implications for the mechanisms of vein formation in shale gas systems[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 2020, 132(7/8): 1722-1740. DOI URL
[54]	BAU M. Controls on the fractionation of isovalent trace elements in magmatic and aqueous systems: evidence from Y/Ho, Zr/Hf, and lanthanide tetrad effect[J]. Contributions to Mineralogyand Petrology, 1996, 123(3): 323-333.
[55]	VAN KRANENDONK M J, WEBB G E, KAMBER B S. Geological and trace element evidence for a marine sedimentary environment of deposition and biogenicity of 3.45 Ga stromatolitic carbonates in the Pilbara Craton, and support for a reducing Archaean Ocean[J]. Geobiology, 2003, 1(2): 91-108. DOI URL
[56]	SHIELDS G A, CARDEN G, VEIZER J, et al. Sr, C, and O isotope geochemistry of Ordovician brachiopods: a major isotopic event around the Middle-Late Ordovician transition[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2003, 67(11): 2005-2025. DOI URL
[57]	PALMER M R, ELDERFIELD H. Sr isotope composition of sea water over the past 75 Myr[J]. Nature, 1985, 314(6011): 526-528. DOI
[58]	王国芝, 刘树根. 海相碳酸盐岩区油气保存条件的古流体地球化学评价: 以四川盆地中部下组合为例[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 36(6): 631-644.
[59]	冯子辉, 邵红梅, 刘云苗, 等. 塔里木盆地古城地区奥陶系成岩流体与碳酸盐岩储层形成关系研究[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2022, 27(4): 47-60. DOI
[60]	宋刚, 李海英, 叶宁, 等. 塔里木盆地顺托果勒低隆起顺北4号走滑断裂带成岩流体类型及活动特征[J]. 石油实验地质, 2022, 44(4): 603-612.
[61]	王斌. 顺托果勒低隆起北部走滑断裂带成岩流体演化与动态成藏过程[D]. 武汉: 中国地质大学(武汉), 2022.
[62]	刘建章, 蔡忠贤, 滕长宇, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北地区克拉通内走滑断裂带中-下奥陶统储集体方解石脉形成及其与油气充注耦合关系[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2023, 44(1): 125-137.
[63]	陈强路, 席斌斌, 韩俊, 等. 塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区超深层油藏保存及影响因素: 来自流体包裹体的证据[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(3): 121-133. DOI
[64]	郭小文, 陈家旭, 袁圣强, 等. 含油气盆地激光原位方解石U-Pb年龄对油气成藏年代的约束: 以渤海湾盆地东营凹陷为例[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(3): 284-291. DOI