高碘地下水成因与分布规律研究

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.1.47

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

我国是世界上已知面积最大的水源性高碘国家,碘的长期过量摄入对居民健康产生极大威胁。在不同的环境水文地质条件下,高碘地下水成因模式可概括为:埋藏-溶解型、压密-释放型和蒸发-浓缩型。基于对高碘地下水成因机理的认识,我们利用大数据模型预测了全国高碘地下水赋存情况,发现其高风险区(p>0.5)约占国土面积的19.8%,且涵盖了全部已知的高碘地下水分布区。开展地下水系统中有机碘形态定量表征、碘的水文地球化学行为微观机理识别和迁移活化过程定量模拟研究,将深化对高碘地下水成因与分布规律的认识,为供水水质安全和预防水源性高碘甲肿提供重要的科学依据。

关键词: 碘, 地下水, 大数据, 成因, 甲状腺肿大

Abstract:

China has the largest occurrence of water-borne high iodine groundwater in the world. Long-term excessive iodine uptake has substantial negative effects on the health of local residents. Under different environmental hydrogeological conditions, the genetic types of high iodine groundwater include burial-dissolution type, compaction-release type, and evaporation-concentration type. Based on our understanding of the genesis of high iodine groundwater, big data models were employed to predict the nation-wide occurrence of high iodine groundwater in China. The high-risk area (p>0.5) of high iodine groundwater was found to account for 19.8% of China’s land area, covering the regions already known to have high iodine groundwater in their subsurface. Studies on the genesis and occurrence of high iodine groundwater, including characterization of organic iodine species in groundwater system, identification of the microscopic mechanisms affecting hydrogeochemical behaviors of iodine, and modeling of the processes controlling the iodine mobilization, will provide important scientific evidence to support the safe supply of water and prevention of water-borne hyperiodized goiter.

Key words: iodine, groundwater, big data, genesis, goiter

中图分类号:

P641
X143

王焰新, 李俊霞, 谢先军. 高碘地下水成因与分布规律研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(3): 1-10.

WANG Yanxin, LI Junxia, XIE Xianjun. Genesis and occurrence of high iodine groundwater[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(3): 1-10.

图/表 3

图1 全球及我国高碘地下水分布图(据文献[14,20]修改)

Fig.1 Distribution of high iodine groundwater in the world and China. Modified after [14,20].

图2 高碘地下水成因模式及华北平原、大同盆地典型案例(据文献[14]修改)

Fig.2 Genetic models of high iodine groundwater with examples of case studies of the North China Plain and Datong Basin. Modified after [14].

图3 全国高碘地下水分布预测图(碘浓度>100 μg/L)(据文献[61]修改)

Fig.3 Probability prediction maps of iodine concentrations (exceeding 100 μg/L) in groundwater in China. Modified after [61].

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