地学前缘 ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 438-455.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.9.6

• 非主题来稿选登：人工智能与地质应用 • 上一篇    

基于地质大数据的中国金矿时空分布规律定量研究

王岩1(), 王登红1, 王成辉1,*(), 黎华2, 刘金宇3, 孙赫4, 高新宇3, 金雅楠5, 秦燕1, 黄凡1   

  1. 1.中国地质科学院 矿产资源研究所 自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室, 北京 100037
    2.广西壮族自治区地质调查院, 广西 南宁 530023
    3.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院/地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 北京 100083
    4.河北地质大学 河北省战略性关键矿产资源重点实验室, 河北 石家庄 050031
    5.成都理工大学 地球与行星科学学院, 四川 成都 610080
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-15 修回日期:2023-09-06 出版日期:2024-07-25 发布日期:2024-07-10
  • 通信作者: * 王成辉(1982—),男,博士,研究员,从事金矿和稀土稀有稀散矿产研究工作。E-mail: wangchenghui131@sina.com
  • 作者简介:王 岩(1983—),女,博士,研究员,从事区域和关键矿产成矿规律研究及编图工作。E-mail: imrwangyan@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局中国矿产地质志项目(DD20221695);中国地质调查局中国矿产地质志项目(DD20190379);科学技术部科技基础资源调查专项课题“中国战略性新兴产业矿产资源数据整编及图集编纂(2022FY101702);中国地质调查局兴蒙中东段区域靶区优选与勘查示范项目(DD20240075);中国地质调查局兴蒙中东段区域靶区优选与勘查示范项目(DD20243489)

Quantitative research on metallogenic regularity of gold deposits in China based on geological big data

WANG Yan1(), WANG Denghong1, WANG Chenghui1,*(), LI Hua2, LIU Jinyu3, SUN He4, GAO Xinyu3, JIN Yanan5, QIN Yan1, HUANG Fan1   

  1. 1. MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
    2. Guangxi Insitute of Geological Surrey, Nanning 530023, China
    3. School of Earth Sciences and Resources/State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    4. Hebei Key Laboratory of Strategic Critical Mineral Resources, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
    5. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610080, China
  • Received:2023-05-15 Revised:2023-09-06 Online:2024-07-25 Published:2024-07-10

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摘要：

在大数据科学成为新的科学范式的背景下,基于地质大数据理念,将传统的定性地质研究方法推向定量研究的高度。文章通过对5 300余处金矿产地资料的系统梳理,定量分析了中国省(自治区)、市、县级及III级成矿区带金矿成矿密度、成矿强度和各成矿时代金矿的成矿强度问题。研究表明,中国金矿具有明显的时空集中分布趋势。中国金矿空间分布具有区域性集中的明显趋势,以胶东、小秦岭等区域为金矿高密度、高强度成矿区;新疆矿床数量最多;山东省金矿成矿密度最大,成矿强度最强;在地级市统计中,山东烟台市和河北承德市是全国仅有的两处矿产地数量过百的地级市,山东烟台市的金矿无论是矿产地数量、成矿密度,还是成矿强度均居全国首位;在县级行政区统计中,新疆塔城地区托里县金矿矿产地数量最多(52处),安徽铜陵市区金矿成矿密度最大,山东烟台市莱州市的金资源储量最大(2 341 t),成矿强度最强(1.35 t/km2);在成矿区带统计中,华北陆块北缘东段成矿带(III-57)金矿矿产地数量最多(345处),胶东成矿带(III-65)金矿成矿密度最大,成矿强度最强。中国金矿时间分布不平衡,具有成矿强度老弱新强、东西南北成矿有别、叠加成矿时间跨度大和新生代金矿资源潜力大的特点;燕山期是中国金矿最重要的成矿时期,成矿强度大,达到10.5个矿区/Ma,金资源储量93 t/Ma。今后中国金矿地质工作的核心依然是加强金矿找矿工作、保障国家金融安全。

关键词: 金矿, 地质大数据, 成矿规律, 成矿密度, 成矿强度, 定量分析

Abstract:

Against the backdrop of big data science emerging as a new scientific paradigm, traditional qualitative geological research methods are transitioning towards quantitative research grounded in the concept of geological big data. Leveraging data from over 5300 gold deposits, this study quantitatively analyzes the metallogenic density and intensity of gold deposits across provincial (autonomous region), city, county, and Grade III metallogenic zones in China, as well as the metallogenic intensity of gold deposits across different metallogenic ages. The findings reveal a pronounced trend of spatiotemporal concentration distribution of gold deposits in China. Spatially, gold deposits exhibit regional concentration, with areas such as Jiaodong and Qinling emerging as high-density and high-intensity gold deposit regions. Xinjiang boasts the highest number of gold deposits, whereas Shandong Province exhibits the highest metallogenic density and intensity. At the prefectural city level, Yantai City in Shandong Province and Chengde City in Hebei Province stand out as the only two prefecture-level cities in China with over 100 gold deposits each. Among these, Yantai City in Shandong Province ranks first in terms of mineral producing areas, metallogenic density, and metallogenic intensity. At the county level, Toli County in Tacheng region of Xinjiang houses the largest number of gold deposits (52), Tongling district in Anhui exhibits the highest metallogenic density, and Laizhou City in Yantai, Shandong, holds the largest gold reserves (2341 t) and the strongest metallogenic intensity (1.35 t/km2). Analysis of metallogenic belts reveals that the eastern section of the northern margin of the North China block, particularly metallogenic belt (III-57), boasts the largest number of gold deposits (345), while the Jiaodong metallogenic belt (III-65) exhibits the highest metallogenic density and intensity. Temporally, gold deposits in China display an unbalanced distribution characterized by old-weak and new-strong mineralization, significant differences between north and south, a broad metallogenic time span, and substantial Cenozoic gold resource potential. The Yanshanian period emerges as the most significant metallogenic period for gold deposits in China, characterized by high metallogenic intensity, with 10.5 deposits/Ma and 93 t/Ma. Looking ahead, the focal point of China’s gold geological efforts will be to reinforce gold prospecting activities to safeguard national financial security.

Key words: gold deposit, geological big data, metallogenic regularity, metallogenic density, metallogenic intensity, quantitative analysis

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