右江盆地卡林型金矿成矿年代学研究进展

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.11.39

地学前缘 ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 267-283.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.11.39

• 陆内成矿作用与成矿系统(华南中生代陆内成矿作用) • 上一篇下一篇

右江盆地卡林型金矿成矿年代学研究进展

高伟¹(), 胡瑞忠¹^,⁴^,^*(), 李秋立²^,⁴, 刘建中³, 李献华²^,⁴

1.中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州贵阳 550081
2.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所岩石圈演化国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
3.贵州省地质矿产开发局, 贵州贵阳 550081
4.中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-07-25 修回日期:2023-10-13 出版日期:2024-01-25 发布日期:2024-01-25
通讯作者: *胡瑞忠(1958—),男,中国科学院院士,主要从事矿床学和矿床地球化学研究。E-mail: huruizhong@mail.gyig.ac.cn
作者简介:高伟(1989—),男,副研究员,主要从事矿床学研究。E-mail: gaowei@mail.gyig.ac.cn
基金资助:
科学技术部国家重点研发计划项目“面向矿床学研究的变革性原位分析新技术(2018YFA0702605);国家自然科学基金项目(42103067);国家自然科学基金项目(U1812402);国家自然科学基金项目(41830432)

Research advances on the geochronology of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin, southwestern China

GAO Wei¹(), HU Ruizhong¹^,⁴^,^*(), LI Qiuli²^,⁴, LIU Jianzhong³, LI Xianhua²^,⁴

1. State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
3. Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration & Development, Guiyang 550018, China
4. College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-07-25 Revised:2023-10-13 Online:2024-01-25 Published:2024-01-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

右江盆地是全球仅次于美国内华达地区的第二大卡林型金矿床集中分布区。由于成矿时代的不确定性,盆地内卡林型金矿床的成矿动力学背景一直不清。为准确确定这些金矿床的成矿时代,近四十年来国内外矿床学家进行了孜孜不倦的探索,从早期以石英裂变径迹和流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线法为代表的定年,到中期以硫化物Re-Os等时线法为代表的单矿物溶样法定年,再到最新以热液金红石、独居石和磷灰石U-Th-Pb法为代表的微区原位定年,其定年对象和方法见证了同位素地质年代学的发展历程。现已基本明确,右江盆地主要发育两期卡林型金矿成矿作用,分别为215~200 Ma和155~140 Ma,相当于印支期和燕山期,其动力学背景分别对应于印支-华南-华北地块碰撞后的印支期陆内造山过程以及燕山期软流圈上涌诱发的岩石圈伸展作用。

关键词: 右江盆地, 卡林型金矿, 成矿时代, 印支期和燕山期成矿

Abstract:

The Youjiang Basin hosts the world's second largest Carlin-type gold province after Nevada, USA. However, due partly to the uncertainty of their mineralization age the geodynamic setting of the Carlin-type gold deposits remains unclear. During the past forty years significant efforts have been made to accurately constrain the timing of these gold deposits, ranging from the early dating methods (with low reliability) such as quartz fission track and fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron dating, to the midterm dissolution-based bulk analyses of mineral separates such as sulfide Re-Os, to the latest in-situ precise U-Pb dating of hydrothermal U-bearing minerals including rutile, monazite, and apatite. It has now been clearly considered that there existed two episodes of Carlin-type gold mineralization in the Youjiang Basin ca. 215-200 Ma and 155-140 Ma, probably in response, respectively, to the Indosinian post-collisional intracontinental orogeny and the Yanshanian asthenospheric upwelling and lithospheric extension in southern China.

Key words: the Youjiang Basin, Carlin-type gold deposit, mineralization age, Indosinian and Yanshanian episodes of gold mineralization

中图分类号:

P618.51
P597

高伟, 胡瑞忠, 李秋立, 刘建中, 李献华. 右江盆地卡林型金矿成矿年代学研究进展[J]. 地学前缘, 2024, 31(1): 267-283.

GAO Wei, HU Ruizhong, LI Qiuli, LIU Jianzhong, LI Xianhua. Research advances on the geochronology of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin, southwestern China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(1): 267-283.

图/表 10

图1 华南板块及邻区地质简图(a)和右江盆地地质简图(b)(据文献[3]修改)

Fig.1 Tectonic sketch map of the South China Block and adjacent regions (a) and geologic map of the Youjiang Basin (b). Modified from [3].

图2 右江盆地卡林型金矿床的矿物学特征

Fig.2 Mineralogical characteristics of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin

图3 美国内华达卡林型金矿床成矿时代研究结果(据文献[40]修改)

Fig.3 Summary of dating results for Carlin-type gold deposits in Nevada, USA. Modified from [40].

图4 右江盆地卡林型金矿床2007年以前的成矿时代研究结果(据文献[63]修改)

Fig.4 Summary of dating results before 2007 for the Youjiang Carlin-type gold deposits. Modified from [63].

图5 右江盆地卡林型金矿床2007年以后采用单矿物溶样法获得的成矿时代(据文献[63,66⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-75]总结)

Fig.5 Age constraints obtained after 2007 on the Youjiang Carlin-type gold deposits by bulk analyses of mineral separates (data from [63,66⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-75])

图6 右江盆地卡林型金矿床中的热液金红石(a)、独居石(b)、锆石(c)和磷灰石(d,e)(据文献[81,89-90]修改)

Fig.6 Hydrothermal rutile (a), monazite (b), zircon (c), and apatite (d) from the Youjiang Carlin-type gold deposits. Modified from [81,89-90].

图7 右江盆地卡林型金矿床中热液副矿物微区原位定年结果(据文献[39,81,85⇓⇓⇓⇓-90]总结)

Fig.7 Summary of in-situ dating results for hydrothermal accessory minerals from Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin (data from [39,81,85⇓⇓⇓⇓-90])

图8 右江盆地卡林型金矿床成矿年龄谱系:(a)单矿物溶样法;(b)微区原位法

Fig.8 Age spectra of the Youjiang Carlin-type gold deposits by bulk analyses of mineral separates (a) and in-situ precise dating (b)

图9 右江盆地卡林型金矿床印支期(a)和燕山期(b)成矿动力学模型(据文献[12]修改)

Fig.9 Metallogenic dynamic models for the Indosinian (a) and Yanshanian (b) Carlin-type gold mineralization in the Youjiang Basin. Modified from [12].

图10 华南陆块印支期(230~200 Ma)和燕山期(160~130 Ma)成矿年龄的空间分布特征(据文献[3,12,99⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-114]总结)

Fig.10 Spatial distribution characteristics of Indosinian (230-200 Ma) and Yanshanian (160-130 Ma) metallogenic ages in the South China Block (age data from [3,12,99⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-114])

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右江盆地卡林型金矿成矿年代学研究进展

Research advances on the geochronology of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin, southwestern China

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