Structural control and metallogenic mechanism of the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit in Sichuan Province, China

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.5.1

Abstract

Abstract:

The Daliangzi large Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit is located in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou (Chuan-Dian-Qian) Pb-Zn metallogenic belt on the western margin of the Yangtze block. It contains 4.5 million tons of ores, 10%-12% of which are Pb-Zn ores. The pipe- and vein-like Pb-Zn ore bodies are hosted in well developed fault-controlled black breccia zones that cut through the ore-hosting dolostone of the Sinian Dengying Formation. The NWW-, NW- and NE-trending faults are well developed in the mining area, and their activity and tectonic dynamics are clearly defined through detailed analysis of the geometric and kinematic features of these faults. The NWW-striking thrust faults were formed by N-S compressive stress prior to mineralization. During the ore-forming process, due to the subduction of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean and the late Indosinian orogeny, the regional tectonic stress field was transformed into NW-SE compressive stress, and then the NWW-trending tensional and torsional faults, NW-trending tensional faults and NE-trending reverse faults were formed in the sutdy area. After mineralization, the regional tectonic stress field changed to near E-W direction, causing the formation of the NWW-, NW- and NE-trending faults that cut through and/or dislocated the ore bodies. The NWW-trending faults are the major ore-controlling faults, possibly acting as the migration pathway for the ore-bearing fluid. The NW-trending faults are the secondary main faults in the mining area, where hydrothermal fluid mixing and orebody emplacement took place. The distinct ore-controlling structure in the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit is the negative flower structure consists of the NWW- and NW-trending faults. The main metallogenic mechanism of this deposit is the mixing of two fluids-the mineral-rich deep fluid and the reduced fluid from the Cambrian organic-rich strata-under tensional stress from the NWW- and NW-trending faults. Areas with similar tectonic patterns, such as the southern and western mining area, are the next prospecting target.

Key words: Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit, ore-controlling structures, metallogenic mechanism, negative flower structure, black breccia zone

CLC Number:

KONG Zhigang, ZHANG Binchen, WU Yue, ZHANG Changqing, LIU Yi, ZHANG Feng, LI Yanglin. Structural control and metallogenic mechanism of the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit in Sichuan Province, China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(1): 143-159.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Simplified tectonic map of China (A) and regional geological map of the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Pb-Zn ore deposit mining area (B). Modified after [1,3].

Fig.2 Sketch map showing the geotectonic position of the southwestern margin of the Yangtze plate. Modified after [5,28-29].

Fig.3 Tectono-geological sketch map of the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.4 The A-B cross section of the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.5 Structural characteristics of the NWW-trending faults in the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.6 Typical photos showing the structural features of the NW-trending faults in the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.7 Examples of structural analysis of the NW-trending faults in the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.8 Features of breccia from the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.9 A tectono-dynamic evolution model for the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.10 Structural analysis of the main mineralization stage in the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.11 Typical profile of and deep structural prediction for the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

Fig.12 A structural control model for the Daliangzi Ge-rich Pb-Zn deposit

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