Late Mesozoic-Early Cenozoic tectonic events in Daqingshan and Panyangshan, Inner Mongolia, and its implication for the tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the North China Craton

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.10.11

Abstract

Abstract:

The Daqingshan and Panyangshan in Inner Mongolia are located in the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC), and their complex geological structures can provide a constraint on the Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the northern NCC. To the north of Daqingshan is the Panyangshan thrust system, which formed originally in the Late Permian-Early Triassic by the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and reactivated in the Late Jurassic possibly by the termination of the Mongolia-Okhotsk Ocean. Mesozoic-Cenozoic deformation of Daqingshan passed through four successive stages: the Hohhot metamorphic core complex (MCC) with SE-NW extension; the NW-ward Daqingshan thrust system; domes cored by undeformed granites; and the Daqingshan Front Fault and high-angle normal faults. The SE-NW extension took place from ca. 142 to 132 Ma and formed the Hohhot MCC and the related detachment system. This extension possibly resulted from gravitational collapse of the thickened crust caused by the Panyangshan thrusting. The Daqingshan thrust system formed between ca. 130-120 Ma, indicating a tectonic inversion from competition between plate convergence and crustal load as extension progressed. Another possible cause for the inversion is remote effect of Paleo-Pacific subduction. Since ca. 120 Ma Daqingshan has been in a tectonic-thermal relaxation regime represented by domes cored by undeformed granites of ca. 114 Ma and cooling events of ca. 120-90 Ma. These events might be related to the peak destruction of the NCC. The activation of the Daqingshan Front Fault and high-angle normal faults since the Eocene may be caused by remote effect of the India-Asia collision and change in the Pacific Plate movement. The closure of the Paleo-Asian and Mongolia-Okhotsk Oceans caused crustal thickening along the northern margin of the NCC, giving rise to the Early Cretaceous collapse, extension, and formation of the MCCs. The destruction of the NCC began to impact Daqingshan since 120 Ma, while in the Cenozoic the Neo-Tethys and Pacific realms remotely controlled the tectonic regime of Daqingshan.

Key words: Mesozoic, Cenozoic, thrust, metamorphic core complex (MCC), tectonic inversion, Daqingshan mountain, northern margin of the North China Craton

CLC Number:

P542

ZHANG Jinjiang, ZHENG Jianlei, WANG Haibin, GUO Lei, LIU Jiang, QI Guowei. Late Mesozoic-Early Cenozoic tectonic events in Daqingshan and Panyangshan, Inner Mongolia, and its implication for the tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the North China Craton[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(1): 127-141.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Tectonic location (a, after [5]), geological map (b), and geological cross-section (c) of the study area

Fig.2 Main tectonic features of the study area

Fig.3 Cross-section of the Panyang Shan thrust system and Liubuquan normal fault (See Fig.1b for the location)

Fig.4 Cross-section of the Panyangshan thrust system in Wulanheya (location see Fig.1b)

Fig.5 Field photos showing typical structural features of the Daqingshan and Panyangshan mountains

Fig.6 A model for the formation of the shear zones related to the Hohhot MCC. XJSZ: Xiaojing Shear Zone; DSSZ: Deshengying Shear Zone.

Fig.7 Geological map of domes cored by granite in the Hohhot MCC

Fig.8 Relationship between the Daqingshan thrust and the Daqing Shan detachment fault (locations shown in Fig.1b)

Fig.9 Relationship between the Panyang Shan thrusts and the Liubuquan normal fault (see Fig.1b for the location)

Fig.10 A tectonic model for the Daqingshan and Panyangshan mountains (not scaled)

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