地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 43-50.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.10.11

• 深层海相碳酸盐岩油气地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔北深层海相碳酸盐岩断溶体成藏认识及油藏特征

杨德彬1,2(), 鲁新便2, 高志前1, 曹飞2, 汪彦2, 鲍典2, 李生青2   

  1. 1.中国地质大学(北京) 能源学院, 北京 100083
    2.中国石油化工股份有限公司 西北油田分公司, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-10 修回日期:2022-09-17 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-07-07
  • 作者简介:杨德彬(1984—),男,高级工程师,主要从事碳酸盐岩油气藏开发地质研究工作。E-mail: yangdb.xbsj@sinopec.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油化工股份有限公司科技部项目(P20017)

Hydrocarbon accumulation and reservoir characteristics of deep marine fault-karst reservoirs in northern Tarim Basin

YANG Debin1,2(), LU Xinbian2, GAO Zhiqian1, CAO Fei2, WANG Yan2, BAO Dian2, LI Shengqing2   

  1. 1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    2. Northwest Oilfield Company, Sinopec, ürümqi 830011, China
  • Received:2022-08-10 Revised:2022-09-17 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-07-07

摘要:

根据塔北地区海相碳酸盐岩油藏勘探开发实践,基于对断裂破碎作用、岩溶作用及溶蚀断裂带的控储、控藏特征研究,创新提出的“断溶体”圈闭(油藏)概念,业已成为碳酸盐岩油气勘探开发的新目标、新类型,丰富了海相碳酸盐岩油气藏理论认识。断溶体油藏宏观上具有“断溶控储、深断控藏、物性圈闭、垂向疏导、复式聚集、分段成藏”的成藏特征。断溶体油气藏沿断裂破碎带呈条带状分布,其宏观展布不受局部构造控制,油气藏无统一油水界面。基于以上地质条件的耦合,受断裂带结构特征差异的影响,同一断裂带的不同段,其富集、含水及连通特征具有明显差异,具有“一断裂段一单元,一单元一油藏”的特征,与传统的碳酸盐岩构造型、复合型等油藏类型具有显著差别。针对不同的断溶体油藏特征,需有针对性地制定开发治理对策。国内外油气田开发实践证实,包括碳酸盐岩、白云岩和砂岩在内的多种岩性地层中,均发育规模不等的断裂带、裂缝带,重视和深化研究深层海相碳酸盐岩断溶体圈闭(油藏)对油气勘探开发具有重要意义。

关键词: 成藏认识, 油藏特征, 深层海相, 断溶体油藏, 碳酸盐岩, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

The concept of “fault-karst” trap (reservoir) was proposed in 2015 on the basis of author’s experience from carbonate exploration and reservoir development in northern Tarim Basin and their understanding of reservoir/accumulation-control characteristics of fault deformation, karstification and dissolution in the fault zone. Since then fault-karst reservoir has become a new target in carbonate exploration and development in the Tarim Basin. This study further demonstrates that fault-karst reservoirs are not only significantly different from the traditional karst (buried hill) reservoirs, they may also have different genetic types and structural characteristics under different karst environments and structural settings. Fault-karst traps can be divided into three subtypes according to the dissolution conditions and fracture types, and they are characterized by fault-karst storage, deep-fault accumulation, trap structure, vertical dredging, multi-layer accumulation, and segmented reservoir formation. Fault-karst trap (reservoir) is important to oil and gas exploration and development and should be comprehensively studied.

Key words: genetic classification, hydrocarbon accumulation recognition, deep marine facies, fault-karst rock mass, carbonate rock, Tarim Basin

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