地学前缘 ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 239-247.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.1.46

• 地下水环境保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

长江经济带某石化场地土壤中污染物分布与微生物特征

叶翔宇1(), 陈雪霞1, 于波1, 张敏2, 郭彩娟2, 卢晓霞1,*()   

  1. 1.北京大学 城市与环境学院 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
    2.中国地质科学院 水文地质环境地质研究所, 河北 石家庄 050061
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-15 修回日期:2022-02-23 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 卢晓霞
  • 作者简介:叶翔宇(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事污染环境修复研究工作。E-mail: xiangyuye@pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1803302);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1804202);国家自然科学基金重大项目(41991330)

Pollutant distribution and microbial characteristics at a petrochemical site in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

YE Xiangyu1(), CHEN Xuexia1, YU Bo1, ZHANG Min2, GUO Caijuan2, LU Xiaoxia1,*()   

  1. 1. Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    2. Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
  • Received:2022-01-15 Revised:2022-02-23 Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-04-28
  • Contact: LU Xiaoxia

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摘要：

从长江经济带某在役石化场地采集了3个点位不同深度的土壤样品,测定了石油烃等污染物的含量和微生物的群落结构,以揭示污染物分布规律和微生物特征。结果显示,3个点位污染程度不同,但污染物含量均随深度先升高后降低,最高含量均出现在埋深4.0 m左右,即地下水位附近。土壤中C6-C9高达5 302 mg/kg,C10-C40高达625.6 mg/kg,芳烃高达455.2 mg/kg,卤代烃高达41.54 mg/kg。土壤微生物的丰富度和多样性随深度增加而降低,同一深度土壤微生物的丰富度和多样性随污染物含量增大而降低。门水平上Actinobacteria、Firmicutes和Spirochaetes的相对丰度和石油烃含量显著正相关(p<0.05),属水平上Streptomyces、SCADC1-2-3、Desulfitobacterium和Cryptanaerobacter的相对丰度和石油烃含量显著正相关(p<0.05)。

关键词: 石化场地, 土壤, 石油烃, 微生物, 群落结构

Abstract:

Soils at different depths were collected from three sampling points in an in-service petrochemical site in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Thereafter, the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons and the microbial community structure in the samples were measured to reveal the pollutant distribution and microbial characteristics. The overall pollution degree of the three points was found to differ; however, the pollutant concentration first increased and then decreased with depth in all cases, with the highest concentration found at the depth of approximately 4.0 m (i.e., near the groundwater level). C6-C9 up to 5302 mg/kg, C10-C40 up to 625.6 mg/kg, aromatic hydrocarbon up to 455.2 mg/kg, and halogenated hydrocarbons up to 41.54 mg/kg were detected in the soils. The richness and diversity of soil microorganisms were found to decrease with an increase in soil depth, and at the same depth, the richness and diversity of the soil microorganisms decreased with an increase in soil pollutant concentration. At the phylum level, the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Spirochaetes were significantly positively correlated with the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon (p<0.05). Further, at the genus level, the relative abundances of Streptomyces, SCADC1-2-3, Desulfitobacterium, and Cryptanaerobacter were significantly positively correlated with the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon (p<0.05).

Key words: petrochemical site, soil, petroleum hydrocarbon, microorganisms, community structure

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