火山渣吸附地下水中大肠杆菌噬菌体特性研究

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.2.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了分析火山渣吸附去除地下水中大肠杆菌噬菌体作用特性,通过室内实验,考察火山渣吸附地下水中vB_EcoM-ep3大肠杆菌噬菌体效果,同时用等量沸石与石英砂做对照,进一步分析地下水中水化学因素(Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺、Mn²⁺、 $SO 4 2 -$ 、 $NH 4 +$ 、 $NO 3 -$ 、 $NO 2 -$ 、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、 $CO 3 2 -$ 、 $HCO 3 -$ 和pH值)对其吸附效果影响;通过微观检测技术,分析大肠杆菌噬菌体生物学特性和火山渣吸附前后微观结构变化。研究结果表明:火山渣吸附效率优于沸石和石英砂,最大饱和吸附量达到2.245×10⁵ pfu/g;水化学因素对火山渣吸附效果影响存在差异性,其中Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺起到促进作用, $SO 4 2 -$ 、三氮和碱度起到抑制作用,低浓度Mn²⁺( $C M n 2 +$ <10 mg/L)和Ca²⁺( $C C a 2 +$ <100 mg/L)起到轻微促进作用,超过该浓度则表现为抑制作用;pH值对火山渣吸附效果影响较大,pH值越大,吸附效果越差。vB_EcoM-ep3大肠杆菌噬菌体头部为等边六角形,全身直径约为(53±2) nm,尾部长约为(107±3) nm,由尾管和尾丝组成,可伸缩。具有蜂窝状结构的火山渣吸附大肠杆菌噬菌体后表面孔隙大部分被填充。

关键词: 火山渣, 地下水, 大肠杆菌噬菌体, 吸附, 作用特性

Abstract:

To understand the characteristics of scoria adsorption removal of Escherichia coli phage from groundwater, we investigated the effect of the Escherichia phage vB_EcoM-ep3 adsorption on scoria in groundwater through laboratory experiments. Using the same amount of zeolite and quartz sand as a contrast, we further analyzed the influence of hydrochemical factors in groundwater (Fe ²⁺, Fe³⁺, Mn²⁺, $SO 4 2 -$ , $NH 4 +$ , $NO 3 -$ , $NO 2 -$ , Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, $CO 3 2 -$ , $HCO 3 -$ , pH) on the adsorption process. The biological characteristics of Escherichia coli phage and its microstructural change before and after scoria adsorption were analyzed by means of microscopic detection technology. The results showed that the scoria adsorption efficiency was higher than zeolite and quartz sand, with the maximum adsorbance reaching 2.245×10 ⁵ pfu/g. The influence of each hydrochemical factors on scoria adsorption varied. Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ promoted scoria adsorption, while $SO 4 2 -$ , nitrogen species and high alkalinity inhibited the adsorption process. The low Mn²⁺ ( $C M n 2 +$ , 10 mg/L) and Ca²⁺( $C C a 2 +$ , 100 mg/L) concentrations slightly promoted adsorption; beyond this concentration, the inhibitory effect was shown. The pH value had a great influence on scoria adsorption characteristics. Higher pH corresponded to weaker adsorption effect. The vB_EcoM-ep3 phage has an equilateral hexagonal head with a body diameter of about (53±2) nm, and a tail made of stretchable tail fiber with a length of about (107±3) nm. Upon adsorption the immobilized phage occupied most of the surface pores in the scoria honeycomb structure.

Key words: scoria, groundwater, Escherichia coli phage, adsorption, characterization

中图分类号:

X523

张玉玲, 尹斯琦, 司超群, 王茜, 初文磊. 火山渣吸附地下水中大肠杆菌噬菌体特性研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(5): 167-174.

ZHANG Yuling, YIN Siqi, SI Chaoqun, WANG Xi, CHU Wenlei. Characteristics of scoria adsorption of Escherichia coli phage in groundwater[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(5): 167-174.

图/表 13

图1 吸附材料

Fig.1 Adsorption materials

图2 3种吸附材料的吸附效果

Fig.2 Adsorption efficiency of three kinds of materials

图3 火山渣动态吸附过程

Fig.3 Scoria adsorption dynamics

图4 火山渣吸附动力学规律拟合

Fig.4 Kinetics model fitting for scoria adsorption

图5 Fe2+、Fe3+对火山渣吸附效果的影响

Fig.5 Influence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ on scoria adsorption efficiency

图6 Mn2+对火山渣吸附效果的影响

Fig.6 Influence of Mn2+ on scoria adsorption efficiency

图7 S O 4 2 -对火山渣吸附效果的影响

Fig.7 Influence of S O 4 2 - on scoria adsorption efficiency

图8 三氮对火山渣吸附效果的影响

Fig.8 Influence of nitrogen species on scoria adsorption efficiency

图9 Ca2+、Mg2+对吸附效果的影响

Fig.9 Influence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on scoria adsorption efficiency

图10 CO 3 2 -、 HCO 3 -对火山渣吸附效果的影响

Fig.10 Influence of CO 3 2 - and HCO 3 - on scoria adsorption efficiency

图11 pH值对火山渣吸附效果的影响

Fig.11 Influence of pH value on scoria adsorption efficiency

图12 vB_EcoM-ep3大肠杆菌噬菌体结构

Fig.12 Structure of Escherichia phage vB_EcoM-ep3

图13 火山渣吸附vB_EcoM-ep3大肠杆菌噬菌体前(a)后(b)微观结构变化

Fig.13 Change of scoria microstructure before (a) and after (b) vB_EcoM-ep3 adsorption

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