华北克拉通北缘西段新元古代裂谷的确认与成矿

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.3.30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

狼山-渣尔泰山是华北克拉通北缘西段元古宙伸展构造体制下被动陆缘的重要热水喷流成矿带,内产东升庙、炭窑口、霍各乞、甲生盘等大型-超大型矿床,其含矿建造是元古宇渣尔泰山群。该成矿带的主体在狼山山脉主峰地区,产有东升庙、炭窑口、霍各乞三大矿床。自2010年在狼山西南原渣尔泰山群阿古鲁沟组地层中发现新元古代酸性火山岩(锆石年龄816~805 Ma)以来,其东部狼山主峰地区的渣尔泰山群及产在其中的炭窑口、东升庙、霍各乞矿床是否也都可以归于新元古代形成是需要进一步研究的重要科学问题。本文依据的事实有:(1)狼山西南新元古界的碎屑锆石最小年龄为1 155 Ma与碳酸盐岩是方解石大理岩;(2)炭窑口矿区渣尔泰山群顶部刘鸿湾组地层的碎屑锆石年龄的两个年龄峰值分别为1 862~1 762 Ma(最小年龄为1 732 Ma)和2 448 Ma,所含碳酸盐岩全部是白云石大理岩类;(3)狼山北侧狼山群含矿岩组中发现年龄为887 Ma±的新元古代基性火山岩; (4)霍各乞矿床含重晶石与微晶长石的硅质层发育,多与黄铁矿层互层状产出,也有与闪锌矿+磁黄铁矿及方铅矿层互层,激光原位分析得到的黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿和磁黄铁矿的δ³⁴S为17.60‰~21.97‰,显示喷流成矿的硫同位素组成特征。根据以上事实可以确认:(1)狼山西南含酸性火山岩与方解石大理岩的前寒武纪地层是与狼山南侧炭窑口矿区含白云石大理岩的渣尔泰山群在不同盆地中沉积而成;(2)狼山南侧是中元古代裂谷带,产有以炭窑口、东升庙矿床为代表的中元古代喷流-沉积成矿系统;(3)狼山北侧是新元古代裂谷带,产有以霍各乞矿田为代表的新元古代热水喷流成矿系统。产在新元古代狼山群中的霍各乞矿是介于SEDEX型与VMS型之间、但靠近SEDEX型一侧的热水喷流-沉积矿床。

关键词: 中元古代裂谷, 新元古代裂谷, 华北克拉通北缘西段, 内蒙古狼山

Abstract:

The Langshan-Zha'ertaishan metallogenic belt, consisting of the Tanyaokou, Huogeqi, Dongshengmiao and Jiashengpan large-superlarge Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulphide deposits hosted in the Proterozoic Zha'ertaishan Group, is an important hydrothermal mineralization belt of the Proterozoic passive continental margin in an extensional structural regime in the western section of the northern margin of the North China Craton. Most areas of the mineralization belt distribute in the Langshan Mountain district. Three of the four typical deposits, the Huogeqi, Dongshengmiao and Tanyaokou deposits, occur in this region. It becomes an important scientific issue whether all the Mesoproterozoic Zha'ertaishan Group in the Langshan Mountain's core area and the three deposits hosted in the Zha'ertanshan Group be re-classified as the Neoproterozoic, after the 2010 discovery of acidic volcanic rocks with zircon ages of 816-805 Ma in the southwestern Langshan Mountain. Evidence includes (1) the minimum detrital zircon age of 1155 Ma for the meta-sedimentary rocks of the Precambrian strata with calcite marble from southern Langshan Mountain, (2) the detrital zircon age peaks at 1862-1762 (youngest age 1732 Ma) and 2448 Ma for the Liuhongwan Formation of the Zha'ertaishan Group with dolomate marble in the Tanyaokou district, (3) the occurrence of Neoproterozoic (887.4±9.1 Ma) meta-mafic volcanic rocks in the host formation of the Langshan Group in the north side of the Langshan Mountain, and (4) the “interbedding” of siliceous bands containing barite and microcrystal feldspar with pyrites, sometimes sphalerites and pyrrhotite and galena, with δ³⁴S values of these four sulfide minerals varying between 17.60‰ and 21.97‰ and showing the characteristics of hydrothermal exhalation. Based on the evidence, we suggest the following: (1) the Zha'ertaishan Group hosting dolomite marble in the Tanyaokou district, and the Precambrian strata (formerly called the Zha'ertaishan Group) hosting acidic volcanic rocks and calcite marbles in southwest Langshan, were deposited in two different rift basins; (2) the Mesoproterozoic rifts and hydrothermal metallogenic systems in the south side of the Langshan Mountain developed the Tanyaokou and Dongshengmiao deposits in the Mesoproterozoic Zha'ertaishan Group; and (3) the Neoproterozoic rift and hydrothermal metallogenic system in the north side of the Langshan Mountain developed the Huogeqi orefield in the Neoproterozoic Langshan Group. The Huogeqi deposit hosted in the Neoproterozoic Langshan Group obviously appears to be a transitional type of mineral deposits between the SEDEX and VMS types with a bias towards SEDEX type.

Key words: Mesoproterozoic rift, Neoproterozoic rift, the western section of the northern margin of the North China Craton, Langshan, Inner Mongolia

中图分类号:

彭润民, 王建平. 华北克拉通北缘西段新元古代裂谷的确认与成矿[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(2): 420-441.

PENG Runmin, WANG Jianping. Confirmation and metallogenesis of the Neoproterozoic rift in the western section of the northern margin of the North China Craton[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(2): 420-441.

图/表 20

图1 华北克拉通北缘西段(a)区域构造地质与(b)矿床分布略图 1—中、新生界;2—古生界;3—中-新元古界狼山群(渣尔泰山群)及白云鄂博群;4—古元古界色尔腾山群; 5—新太古界乌拉山群;6—印支期侵入岩; 7—海西期侵入岩;8—加里东期侵入岩; 9—元古宙及太古宙侵入岩;10—台缘断裂;11—吉兰泰断裂;12—断裂;13—矿床。

Fig.1 (a) Tectonic sketch map and (b) distribution of typical deposits in the western section of the northern margin of the North China Craton

图2 内蒙古狼山炭窑口矿区地层柱状图

Fig.2 Integrated stratigraphic column of the Tanyaokou district, Langshan, Inner Mongolia

图3 炭窑口矿区渣尔泰山群刘鸿湾组石英岩露头(a)与17T3样品显微组构(b)

Fig.3 (a) Field outcrop of quartzite with meta-bedding and (b) micrograph of quartzite sample 17T3 from the Liuhongwan Formation of the Zha'ertaishan Group in the Tanyaokou district

图4 炭窑口矿床渣尔泰山群刘鸿湾组石英岩碎屑锆石CL图图中圆圈标注为样品分析点位置,锆石上下两侧箭头指向数值为207Pb/206Pb年龄和误差( 1σ)数值(单位为Ma),圆圈直径为32 μm。

Fig.4 Cathodoluminescence images of detrital zircon grains from the Liuhongwan Formation of the Zha'ertaishan Group in the Tanyaokou deposit

表1 内蒙古狼山炭窑口刘鸿湾组变沉积岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb分析结果

Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results of quartzite from Liuhongwan Formation of Zha'ertaishan Group in the Tanyaokou deposit,Langshan,Inner Mongolia

测点	w_B/10^-6		Th/U	同位素比值及误差						同位素年龄及误差/Ma						不谐和度 /%
测点	Th	U	Th/U	$207 Pb 206 Pb$	1σ	$207 Pb 235 U$	1σ	$206 Pb 238 U$	1σ	$207 Pb 206 Pb$	1σ	$207 Pb 235 U$	1σ	$206 Pb 238 U$	1σ	不谐和度 /%
A01	97	178	0.55	0.159 2	0.003 1	10.445 9	0.113 2	0.475 8	0.005 3	2 447	32	2 475	10	2 509	23	3
A02	108	152	0.71	0.163 5	0.003 2	10.906 7	0.118 5	0.483 5	0.005 4	2 493	32	2 515	10	2 543	23	2
A03	79	168	0.47	0.109 5	0.002 1	5.356 0	0.060 0	0.354 7	0.003 9	1 791	35	1 878	10	1 957	19	9
A04	104	104	1.01	0.121 0	0.002 4	6.522 3	0.073 2	0.390 8	0.004 4	1 971	35	2 049	10	2 126	20	8
A05	33	120	0.28	0.115 7	0.002 3	5.813 0	0.065 0	0.364 3	0.004 0	1 891	35	1 948	10	2 003	19	6
A06	141	300	0.47	0.107 7	0.002 1	4.801 8	0.052 2	0.323 4	0.003 6	1 760	35	1 785	9	1 807	17	3
A07	114	405	0.28	0.107 3	0.002 1	5.203 9	0.055 4	0.351 8	0.003 9	1 753	35	1 853	9	1 943	18	11
A08	159	348	0.46	0.114 3	0.002 2	6.068 2	0.064 5	0.385 1	0.004 2	1 868	34	1 986	9	2 100	20	12
A09	35	106	0.33	0.106 5	0.002 1	4.943 3	0.056 6	0.336 8	0.003 8	1 740	36	1 810	10	1 871	18	8
A10	219	246	0.89	0.108 1	0.002 1	4.869 1	0.052 7	0.326 8	0.003 6	1 767	35	1 797	9	1 823	17	3
A11	202	241	0.84	0.106 9	0.002 1	5.204 4	0.055 9	0.353 1	0.003 9	1 748	35	1 853	9	1 949	18	12
A12	57	116	0.49	0.162 6	0.003 1	9.825 3	0.106 7	0.438 4	0.004 8	2 483	32	2 419	10	2 343	22	-6
A13	47	333	0.14	0.152 9	0.002 9	9.646 3	0.101 1	0.457 6	0.005 0	2 379	32	2 402	10	2 429	22	2
A14	46	110	0.42	0.166 6	0.003 2	11.364 9	0.123 9	0.494 8	0.005 5	2 524	32	2 554	10	2 592	24	3
A15	109	975	0.11	0.106 7	0.002 0	4.865 1	0.051 1	0.330 8	0.003 6	1 744	35	1 796	9	1 842	17	6
A16	318	224	1.42	0.151 8	0.002 9	8.915 8	0.094 1	0.426 1	0.004 7	2 366	32	2 329	10	2 288	21	-3
A17	111	110	1.02	0.156 7	0.003 0	10.250 7	0.110 3	0.474 7	0.005 2	2 420	32	2 458	10	2 504	23	3
A18	357	259	1.38	0.106 7	0.002 0	5.226 4	0.055 4	0.355 3	0.003 9	1 744	35	1 857	9	1 960	18	12
A19	61	83	0.74	0.106 0	0.002 1	5.028 5	0.056 8	0.344 1	0.003 8	1 732	35	1 824	10	1 907	18	10
A20	154	496	0.31	0.107 1	0.002 0	5.150 7	0.053 5	0.348 8	0.003 8	1 751	34	1 845	9	1 929	18	10
A21	135	205	0.66	0.107 5	0.002 1	5.063 2	0.053 8	0.341 8	0.003 7	1 757	35	1 830	9	1 895	18	8
A22	56	98	0.57	0.126 6	0.002 4	6.981 7	0.075 9	0.400 0	0.004 4	2 052	34	2 109	10	2 169	20	6
A23	49	1 084	0.04	0.103 7	0.002 0	3.718 5	0.038 2	0.260 0	0.002 8	1 692	34	1 575	8	1 490	14	-12
A24	410	524	0.78	0.150 0	0.002 8	8.953 3	0.091 9	0.433 0	0.004 7	2 346	32	2 333	9	2 319	21	-1
A25	42	252	0.17	0.107 1	0.002 0	5.091 7	0.053 3	0.344 8	0.003 7	1 751	34	1 835	9	1 910	18	9
C1	271	644	0.42	0.112 5	0.002 2	5.577 3	0.060 0	0.359 4	0.003 9	1 841	35	1 913	9	1 979	19	8
C2	234	465	0.50	0.108 9	0.002 1	5.157 1	0.055 8	0.343 6	0.003 8	1 780	35	1 846	9	1 904	18	7
C3	267	952	0.28	0.109 6	0.002 2	5.156 5	0.055 4	0.341 2	0.003 7	1 793	35	1 846	9	1 892	18	6
C4	374	278	1.34	0.161 0	0.003 2	10.398 0	0.112 8	0.468 2	0.005 1	2 467	33	2 471	10	2 476	23	0
C5	61	726	0.08	0.109 8	0.002 2	5.274 1	0.056 9	0.348 3	0.003 8	1 796	35	1 865	9	1 926	18	7
C6	698	840	0.83	0.108 4	0.002 1	4.739 0	0.051 1	0.317 0	0.003 5	1 773	35	1 774	9	1 775	17	0
C7	165	862	0.19	0.156 8	0.003 1	10.503 9	0.112 8	0.485 8	0.005 3	2 421	33	2 480	10	2 553	23	5
C8	230	639	0.36	0.114 8	0.002 3	5.762 7	0.062 5	0.363 9	0.004 0	1 877	35	1 941	9	2 001	19	7
C9	117	633	0.18	0.114 8	0.002 3	5.798 5	0.062 9	0.366 4	0.004 0	1 876	35	1 946	9	2 012	19	7
C10	245	597	0.41	0.110 9	0.002 2	5.358 8	0.058 3	0.350 4	0.003 8	1 814	35	1 878	9	1 937	18	7
C11	98	572	0.17	0.113 7	0.002 3	5.415 4	0.059 0	0.345 5	0.003 8	1 859	35	1 887	9	1 913	18	3
C12	61	212	0.29	0.110 5	0.002 2	5.386 8	0.060 5	0.353 4	0.003 9	1 808	36	1 883	10	1 951	19	8
C13	61	362	0.17	0.111 9	0.002 2	5.548 4	0.061 0	0.359 7	0.003 9	1 830	36	1 908	9	1 981	19	8
C14	174	381	0.46	0.112 2	0.002 2	5.418 5	0.059 7	0.350 4	0.003 8	1 835	36	1 888	9	1 936	18	6
C15	227	516	0.44	0.110 7	0.002 2	5.163 4	0.056 6	0.338 3	0.003 7	1 811	36	1 847	9	1 879	18	4
C16	78	121	0.64	0.115 9	0.002 3	5.610 2	0.064 5	0.351 1	0.003 9	1 894	36	1 918	10	1 940	19	2
C17	217	545	0.40	0.111 3	0.002 2	5.447 5	0.059 8	0.355 0	0.003 9	1 820	36	1 892	9	1 959	19	8
C18	189	358	0.53	0.111 0	0.002 2	5.372 6	0.059 6	0.350 9	0.003 9	1 816	36	1 881	9	1 939	18	7
C19	103	620	0.17	0.110 9	0.002 2	5.221 0	0.057 3	0.341 5	0.003 7	1 814	36	1 856	9	1 894	18	4
C20	129	691	0.19	0.108 3	0.002 1	5.320 1	0.058 0	0.356 2	0.003 9	1 770	35	1 872	9	1 964	19	11
C21	94	358	0.26	0.111 4	0.002 2	5.360 1	0.058 3	0.348 8	0.003 9	1 822	35	1 879	9	1 929	18	6
C22	439	457	0.96	0.157 9	0.003 1	10.136 0	0.111 0	0.465 5	0.005 2	2 433	33	2 447	10	2 464	23	1
C23	347	456	0.76	0.156 9	0.003 0	10.062 3	0.108 5	0.464 9	0.005 1	2 422	33	2 441	10	2 461	23	2
C24	257	706	0.36	0.108 5	0.002 1	5.186 6	0.055 6	0.346 4	0.003 8	1 775	35	1 850	9	1 918	18	8
C25	174	600	0.29	0.107 9	0.002 1	5.378 2	0.057 8	0.361 5	0.004 0	1 764	35	1 881	9	1 989	19	13

表1 内蒙古狼山炭窑口刘鸿湾组变沉积岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb分析结果

Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results of quartzite from Liuhongwan Formation of Zha'ertaishan Group in the Tanyaokou deposit,Langshan,Inner Mongolia

测点	w_B/10^-6		Th/U	同位素比值及误差						同位素年龄及误差/Ma						不谐和度 /%
测点	Th	U	Th/U	$207 Pb 206 Pb$	1σ	$207 Pb 235 U$	1σ	$206 Pb 238 U$	1σ	$207 Pb 206 Pb$	1σ	$207 Pb 235 U$	1σ	$206 Pb 238 U$	1σ	不谐和度 /%
A01	97	178	0.55	0.159 2	0.003 1	10.445 9	0.113 2	0.475 8	0.005 3	2 447	32	2 475	10	2 509	23	3
A02	108	152	0.71	0.163 5	0.003 2	10.906 7	0.118 5	0.483 5	0.005 4	2 493	32	2 515	10	2 543	23	2
A03	79	168	0.47	0.109 5	0.002 1	5.356 0	0.060 0	0.354 7	0.003 9	1 791	35	1 878	10	1 957	19	9
A04	104	104	1.01	0.121 0	0.002 4	6.522 3	0.073 2	0.390 8	0.004 4	1 971	35	2 049	10	2 126	20	8
A05	33	120	0.28	0.115 7	0.002 3	5.813 0	0.065 0	0.364 3	0.004 0	1 891	35	1 948	10	2 003	19	6
A06	141	300	0.47	0.107 7	0.002 1	4.801 8	0.052 2	0.323 4	0.003 6	1 760	35	1 785	9	1 807	17	3
A07	114	405	0.28	0.107 3	0.002 1	5.203 9	0.055 4	0.351 8	0.003 9	1 753	35	1 853	9	1 943	18	11
A08	159	348	0.46	0.114 3	0.002 2	6.068 2	0.064 5	0.385 1	0.004 2	1 868	34	1 986	9	2 100	20	12
A09	35	106	0.33	0.106 5	0.002 1	4.943 3	0.056 6	0.336 8	0.003 8	1 740	36	1 810	10	1 871	18	8
A10	219	246	0.89	0.108 1	0.002 1	4.869 1	0.052 7	0.326 8	0.003 6	1 767	35	1 797	9	1 823	17	3
A11	202	241	0.84	0.106 9	0.002 1	5.204 4	0.055 9	0.353 1	0.003 9	1 748	35	1 853	9	1 949	18	12
A12	57	116	0.49	0.162 6	0.003 1	9.825 3	0.106 7	0.438 4	0.004 8	2 483	32	2 419	10	2 343	22	-6
A13	47	333	0.14	0.152 9	0.002 9	9.646 3	0.101 1	0.457 6	0.005 0	2 379	32	2 402	10	2 429	22	2
A14	46	110	0.42	0.166 6	0.003 2	11.364 9	0.123 9	0.494 8	0.005 5	2 524	32	2 554	10	2 592	24	3
A15	109	975	0.11	0.106 7	0.002 0	4.865 1	0.051 1	0.330 8	0.003 6	1 744	35	1 796	9	1 842	17	6
A16	318	224	1.42	0.151 8	0.002 9	8.915 8	0.094 1	0.426 1	0.004 7	2 366	32	2 329	10	2 288	21	-3
A17	111	110	1.02	0.156 7	0.003 0	10.250 7	0.110 3	0.474 7	0.005 2	2 420	32	2 458	10	2 504	23	3
A18	357	259	1.38	0.106 7	0.002 0	5.226 4	0.055 4	0.355 3	0.003 9	1 744	35	1 857	9	1 960	18	12
A19	61	83	0.74	0.106 0	0.002 1	5.028 5	0.056 8	0.344 1	0.003 8	1 732	35	1 824	10	1 907	18	10
A20	154	496	0.31	0.107 1	0.002 0	5.150 7	0.053 5	0.348 8	0.003 8	1 751	34	1 845	9	1 929	18	10
A21	135	205	0.66	0.107 5	0.002 1	5.063 2	0.053 8	0.341 8	0.003 7	1 757	35	1 830	9	1 895	18	8
A22	56	98	0.57	0.126 6	0.002 4	6.981 7	0.075 9	0.400 0	0.004 4	2 052	34	2 109	10	2 169	20	6
A23	49	1 084	0.04	0.103 7	0.002 0	3.718 5	0.038 2	0.260 0	0.002 8	1 692	34	1 575	8	1 490	14	-12
A24	410	524	0.78	0.150 0	0.002 8	8.953 3	0.091 9	0.433 0	0.004 7	2 346	32	2 333	9	2 319	21	-1
A25	42	252	0.17	0.107 1	0.002 0	5.091 7	0.053 3	0.344 8	0.003 7	1 751	34	1 835	9	1 910	18	9
C1	271	644	0.42	0.112 5	0.002 2	5.577 3	0.060 0	0.359 4	0.003 9	1 841	35	1 913	9	1 979	19	8
C2	234	465	0.50	0.108 9	0.002 1	5.157 1	0.055 8	0.343 6	0.003 8	1 780	35	1 846	9	1 904	18	7
C3	267	952	0.28	0.109 6	0.002 2	5.156 5	0.055 4	0.341 2	0.003 7	1 793	35	1 846	9	1 892	18	6
C4	374	278	1.34	0.161 0	0.003 2	10.398 0	0.112 8	0.468 2	0.005 1	2 467	33	2 471	10	2 476	23	0
C5	61	726	0.08	0.109 8	0.002 2	5.274 1	0.056 9	0.348 3	0.003 8	1 796	35	1 865	9	1 926	18	7
C6	698	840	0.83	0.108 4	0.002 1	4.739 0	0.051 1	0.317 0	0.003 5	1 773	35	1 774	9	1 775	17	0
C7	165	862	0.19	0.156 8	0.003 1	10.503 9	0.112 8	0.485 8	0.005 3	2 421	33	2 480	10	2 553	23	5
C8	230	639	0.36	0.114 8	0.002 3	5.762 7	0.062 5	0.363 9	0.004 0	1 877	35	1 941	9	2 001	19	7
C9	117	633	0.18	0.114 8	0.002 3	5.798 5	0.062 9	0.366 4	0.004 0	1 876	35	1 946	9	2 012	19	7
C10	245	597	0.41	0.110 9	0.002 2	5.358 8	0.058 3	0.350 4	0.003 8	1 814	35	1 878	9	1 937	18	7
C11	98	572	0.17	0.113 7	0.002 3	5.415 4	0.059 0	0.345 5	0.003 8	1 859	35	1 887	9	1 913	18	3
C12	61	212	0.29	0.110 5	0.002 2	5.386 8	0.060 5	0.353 4	0.003 9	1 808	36	1 883	10	1 951	19	8
C13	61	362	0.17	0.111 9	0.002 2	5.548 4	0.061 0	0.359 7	0.003 9	1 830	36	1 908	9	1 981	19	8
C14	174	381	0.46	0.112 2	0.002 2	5.418 5	0.059 7	0.350 4	0.003 8	1 835	36	1 888	9	1 936	18	6
C15	227	516	0.44	0.110 7	0.002 2	5.163 4	0.056 6	0.338 3	0.003 7	1 811	36	1 847	9	1 879	18	4
C16	78	121	0.64	0.115 9	0.002 3	5.610 2	0.064 5	0.351 1	0.003 9	1 894	36	1 918	10	1 940	19	2
C17	217	545	0.40	0.111 3	0.002 2	5.447 5	0.059 8	0.355 0	0.003 9	1 820	36	1 892	9	1 959	19	8
C18	189	358	0.53	0.111 0	0.002 2	5.372 6	0.059 6	0.350 9	0.003 9	1 816	36	1 881	9	1 939	18	7
C19	103	620	0.17	0.110 9	0.002 2	5.221 0	0.057 3	0.341 5	0.003 7	1 814	36	1 856	9	1 894	18	4
C20	129	691	0.19	0.108 3	0.002 1	5.320 1	0.058 0	0.356 2	0.003 9	1 770	35	1 872	9	1 964	19	11
C21	94	358	0.26	0.111 4	0.002 2	5.360 1	0.058 3	0.348 8	0.003 9	1 822	35	1 879	9	1 929	18	6
C22	439	457	0.96	0.157 9	0.003 1	10.136 0	0.111 0	0.465 5	0.005 2	2 433	33	2 447	10	2 464	23	1
C23	347	456	0.76	0.156 9	0.003 0	10.062 3	0.108 5	0.464 9	0.005 1	2 422	33	2 441	10	2 461	23	2
C24	257	706	0.36	0.108 5	0.002 1	5.186 6	0.055 6	0.346 4	0.003 8	1 775	35	1 850	9	1 918	18	8
C25	174	600	0.29	0.107 9	0.002 1	5.378 2	0.057 8	0.361 5	0.004 0	1 764	35	1 881	9	1 989	19	13

图5 炭窑口矿区刘鸿湾组、渣尔泰山刘鸿湾组、狼山西南原刘鸿湾组碎屑锆石年龄组成对比 a,b—炭窑口矿区刘鸿湾组碎屑锆石年龄组成;c,d—渣尔泰山地区刘鸿湾组碎屑锆石年龄组成[30]; e,f—狼山西南原刘鸿湾组碎屑锆石年龄组成[29]。

Fig.5 Comparison of detrital zircon U-Pb age patterns among the Liuhongwan Formations in the Tanyaokou, Zha'ertaishan (adapted from [30]) and southwestern Langshan (adapted from [29]) districts

图6 炭窑口矿区白云石大理岩岩心及显微照片和狼山西南大理岩露头与显微照片

Fig.6 Photographs(a,b) and micrograph(c) of drill core of the dolomite marble in Tanyaokou district, and outcrop(d) and micrograph(e) of the calcite marble in the southwest area of the Langshan, Inner Mongolia

表2 狼山西南细晶方解石大理岩的化学成分

Table 2 Major element compositions for the calcite marble in the southwest of Langshan

序号	w_B/%
序号	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	FeO	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O		P₂O₅	CO₂	烧失量	合计
1	4.39	0.06	1.41	0.64	0.26	0.23	1.6	49.54	0.36	0.33		0.06	40.44	0.13	99.45

图7 内蒙古霍各乞矿田狼山群含矿岩组岩性组成及其含矿特征

Fig.7 Integrated stratigraphic column of the Huogeqi orefield, Langshan, Inner Mongolia

图8 霍各乞矿田变质基性火山岩的变余斑状结构(a)与锆石U/Pb年龄(b)[51] Hbl—角闪石(变余斑晶)。

Fig.8 (a) Photomicrographs of meta-mafic volcanic rocks and (b) concordia plots of U-Pb isotopic data for zircons (adapted from [51]) from the Huogeqi orefield

图9 狼山-渣尔泰山中-新元古代裂谷带分布图(据文献[53]修改)

Fig.9 Distribution patterns of Meso-Neoproterozoic sedimentary basins and tectonics in the Langshan-Zha'ertaishan area. Modified from [53].

图10 内蒙古霍各乞矿田地质图(据文献[54]修改) 1—第四系;2—二云母石英片岩;3—黑云母石英片岩;4—斜长角闪岩;5—大理石化灰岩;6—石英岩;7—海西期岩体;8—辉长岩; 9—矿体;10—断裂;11—矿床范围。

Fig.10 Geological map of the Huogeqi orefield. Modified from [54].

图11 霍各乞矿田一号矿床第13勘探线剖面图(位置见图10)(据文献[54]修改)

Fig.11 Cross section of prospecting Line 13 in the No.1 deposit in the Huogeqi orefield (see Fig.10 for location). Modified from [54].

图12 霍各乞矿层状黄铜矿石的矿石变余层状构造与显微组构 A—黄铜矿石光薄片直照:①—较多黄铜矿(Ccp)条带,②—粗粒含浸染状黄铜矿石英(Q)条带,③—细粒含黄铜矿石英条带 ;B,D—反射单偏光照片;C—正交偏光照片(与B同域);E—透射单偏光照片(与D同域)。

Fig.12 Polished thin section (A) and photomicrographs (B-E) of Cu ore in the Huogeqi orefield.Photomicrographs A: laminated structure of Cu ore; B&D: under reflected polarized light; C: under cross polarized light; E: under plane-polarized light. Ccp-chalcopyrite.

表3 霍各乞矿田部分含重晶石与微晶长石的硅质条带的主要化学成分

Table 3 Major element compositions for the siliceous bands with barite and microcrystal feldspar in the Huogeqi orefield

序号	w_B/%
序号	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MnO	MgO	CaO	BaO	Na₂O	K₂O	P₂O₅	烧失量	合计
Ⅰ	51.99	1.36	24.4	1.59	0.043	1.42	3.38	0.10	0.452	10.74	0.789	3.28	99.53
Ⅱ	51.58	1.22	22.64	2.33	0.111	1.53	5.05	0.15	0.526	9.26	0.255	3.94	98.59
Ⅲ	48.31	1.7	11.86	2.62	<0.004	0.313	3.34	15.13	0.17	0.37	1.52	2.78	88.84
Ⅳ	50.89	1.9	12.37	1.7	<0.004	0.236	0.95	26.16	0.16	0.38	0.4001	1.51	97.07

图13 霍各乞矿田层状铅锌矿石(A)与显微组构(B, C)特征 A—标本照片(显示①含重晶石的硅质条带与②闪锌矿+方铅矿互层产出);B,C—反射光照片(单偏光)。①—重结晶的硅质(重晶石)条带;②—闪锌矿(Sp)+方铅矿(Ga)+磁黄铁矿(Po)条带。

Fig.13 Photographs of hand specimens (A) and photomicrographs under reflected polarized light (B,C) of zinc and lead ore in the Huogeqi ore field. Hand specimens show siliceous rocks interbedded with sphalerite and galena and pyrrhotite. Labels: Sp-sphelarite; Ga-galena; Po-pyrrhotite.

图14 霍各乞矿含重晶石硅质条带闪锌矿石与激光原位测硫同位素位置与结果 A—磁黄铁矿(Po)+闪锌矿(Sp)层与含重晶石硅质条带互层的变余层状构造(测硫同位素的光薄片扫描图);B—条带状构造锌硫矿石受到平行层理方向拉伸后产生的张性裂隙被硫化物充填; C,D,E—分别为激光测硫点在光薄片(A)中的位置。

Fig.14 Photographs of polished thin section showing δ34S values and locations of pyrrhotite and sphalerite in the Huogeqi copper-lead-zinc polymetallic deposit

图15 霍各乞矿含硅质(层)条带黄铁矿石激光原位测硫同位素位置与结果 A—黄铁矿(Py)+闪锌矿(Sp)层与含重晶石与微晶长石硅质(层)条带互层的变余层状构造(标本照片); B—激光测硫光薄片在标本(A)中的位置;C,D,E,F—分别为激光测硫在光薄片(B)中的位置。Gn—方铅矿。

Fig.15 Photographs of polished thin section showing δ34S values and locations of pyrite, sphalerite as well as galena in the Huogeqi copper-lead-zinc polymetallic deposit

图16 霍各乞矿层状黄铜矿体的包裹体片及对应的包裹体特征 A—产在淡色石英岩中的变余层状黄铜矿石 [石英条带含少量黄铜矿(Ccp),其余部分含较多黄铜矿(岩心横截面)]; B—产在深色石英岩中的变余层状黄铜矿石 [石英条带含少量黄铜矿(岩心纵向切面)];C—A中淡色石英条带包裹体片直照;D—B中深色石英条带包裹体片直照;E,F—包裹体相态与成分。

Fig.16 Photos of drill core (A), thin polished sections (B,C,D) and fluid inclusions (E,F) of Cu ore in the Huogeqi orefield

图17 霍各乞矿流体包裹体激光拉曼图谱

Fig.17 Raman spectra of fluid inclusions in the Huogeqi orefield

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