Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 244-256.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.10.39

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Geochemical distribution of gold in the China-Mongolia boundary region and its implications for gold prospecting

LIU Hanliang1,2,3,4(), WANG Xueqiu1,3,4,*(), NIE Lanshi1,3,4,*(), CHI Qinghua1,3,4, WANG Wei1,2,3,4, SHOJIN Davaa5, ENKHTAIVAN Altanbagana5, ZHOU Jian1,3,4, DU Yude1,6   

  1. 1. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China
    2. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Langfang 065000, China
    4. UNESCO International Centre on Global-scale Geochemistry, Langfang 065000, China
    5. Geological Investigation Center, Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar P.Box-318, Mongolia
    6. College of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
  • Received:2024-08-20 Revised:2024-10-12 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-01-15

Abstract:

The Sino-Mongolian border area has excellent geological conditions for ore formation and is one of the world’s most important metal mineralization provinces. The area is situated on one of the three largest porphyry copper-gold-molybdenum metallogenic belts in the world with enormous resource potential—it is a hotspot for international and domestic geoscience research and exploration. Based on the 1∶1 million geochemical mapping data of the Sino-Mongolia border areas, the geochemical parameters and regional geochemical distribution of gold in the catchment sediments are discussed in this paper. The median and average gold anomaly values of the catchment sediments were 0.79×10-9 and 1.34×10-9, respectively. The North China Block and the Altay Tectonic Belt had the highest gold contents, with the regional concentration coefficients of 1.43 and 1.36, respectively, consistent with regions faverable for gold enrichment. The outer, middle and inner zones of gold geochemical anomalies were identified according to cumulative frequencies of 85% (1.55×10-9), 92.5% (2.22×10-9) and 97.5% (4.03×10-9), respectively. A total of 28 geochemical prospective areas were delineated, providing important exploration targets for gold and other precious metal deposits in this area. The paper fills the gap in the study of gold geochemical distribution, and provides important data for comparing precious metal deposits in the Sino-Mongolia border area.

Key words: gold, geochemical distribution, geochemical mapping, Sino-Mongolia border area

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