Research advances on the geochronology of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin, southwestern China

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.11.39

Abstract

Abstract:

The Youjiang Basin hosts the world's second largest Carlin-type gold province after Nevada, USA. However, due partly to the uncertainty of their mineralization age the geodynamic setting of the Carlin-type gold deposits remains unclear. During the past forty years significant efforts have been made to accurately constrain the timing of these gold deposits, ranging from the early dating methods (with low reliability) such as quartz fission track and fluid inclusion Rb-Sr isochron dating, to the midterm dissolution-based bulk analyses of mineral separates such as sulfide Re-Os, to the latest in-situ precise U-Pb dating of hydrothermal U-bearing minerals including rutile, monazite, and apatite. It has now been clearly considered that there existed two episodes of Carlin-type gold mineralization in the Youjiang Basin ca. 215-200 Ma and 155-140 Ma, probably in response, respectively, to the Indosinian post-collisional intracontinental orogeny and the Yanshanian asthenospheric upwelling and lithospheric extension in southern China.

Key words: the Youjiang Basin, Carlin-type gold deposit, mineralization age, Indosinian and Yanshanian episodes of gold mineralization

CLC Number:

P618.51
P597

GAO Wei, HU Ruizhong, LI Qiuli, LIU Jianzhong, LI Xianhua. Research advances on the geochronology of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin, southwestern China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(1): 267-283.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Tectonic sketch map of the South China Block and adjacent regions (a) and geologic map of the Youjiang Basin (b). Modified from [3].

Fig.2 Mineralogical characteristics of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin

Fig.3 Summary of dating results for Carlin-type gold deposits in Nevada, USA. Modified from [40].

Fig.4 Summary of dating results before 2007 for the Youjiang Carlin-type gold deposits. Modified from [63].

Fig.5 Age constraints obtained after 2007 on the Youjiang Carlin-type gold deposits by bulk analyses of mineral separates (data from [63,66⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-75])

Fig.6 Hydrothermal rutile (a), monazite (b), zircon (c), and apatite (d) from the Youjiang Carlin-type gold deposits. Modified from [81,89-90].

Fig.7 Summary of in-situ dating results for hydrothermal accessory minerals from Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang Basin (data from [39,81,85⇓⇓⇓⇓-90])

Fig.8 Age spectra of the Youjiang Carlin-type gold deposits by bulk analyses of mineral separates (a) and in-situ precise dating (b)

Fig.9 Metallogenic dynamic models for the Indosinian (a) and Yanshanian (b) Carlin-type gold mineralization in the Youjiang Basin. Modified from [12].

Fig.10 Spatial distribution characteristics of Indosinian (230-200 Ma) and Yanshanian (160-130 Ma) metallogenic ages in the South China Block (age data from [3,12,99⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-114])

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