Pollution characteristics, potential ecological risks and sources of heavy metal pollution in lake sediments in Huoqiu County

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.2.77

Abstract

Abstract:

The contents of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) in surface sediments of Chengxi Lake and Chengdong Lake were measured To understand the pollution characteristics, spatial distribution, potential sources, and ecological risks of heavy metals in surface sediments of Chengxi Lake and Chengdong Lake in Huoqiu County. The soil accumulation index, pollution load index, potential ecological hazard index, and sediment quality reference method were used to evaluate the pollution degree and potential ecological hazard of heavy metals. The sources of heavy metals were analyzed by correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. The results showed that except for Cd, Hg, Pb in Chengdong Lake and Hg in Chengxi Lake, the average values of other elements exceeded the background values, and the content of heavy metals showed significant spatial variability, decreasing from north to south. The soil accumulation index indicates that Ni and Zn in sediments of Chengxi Lake are in a state of unpolluted to moderate pollution. The pollution load index indicates that the sediments of Chengxi Lake are in a state of moderate pollution, and the sediments of Chengxi Lake and Chengdong Lake are in a state of mild ecological risk. The results of heavy metal traceability analysis show that Cr, Zn, Ni, and Cu in the sediments of Chengxi Lake and Chengdong Lake are mainly from the parent material, mineral exploitation, and aquaculture, while As, Pb, Hg, and Cd are mainly from agricultural pollution and domestic sewage. The results can provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in Chengxi Lake and Chengdong Lake.

Key words: Chengxi Lake, Chengdong Lake, surface sediments, heavy metal, pollution assessment, potential ecological risks

CLC Number:

LIU Hai, WEI Wei, SONG Yang, PAN Yang, LI Yingchun. Pollution characteristics, potential ecological risks and sources of heavy metal pollution in lake sediments in Huoqiu County[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(3): 420-431.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Location of the sampling in study area

Table 1 Description of geo-accumulation (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (Er)

I_geo	污染程度	PLI	污染程度
I_geo≤0	未受污染	PLI≤1	无污染
0<I_geo≤1	未受污染-中度污染	1<PLI≤2	中度污染
1<I_geo≤2	中度污染	2<PLI≤3	强污染
2<I_geo≤3	中度-严重污染	PLI>3	极强污染
3<I_geo≤4	严重污染
4<I_geo≤5	严重-极度污染
I_geo>5	极度污染
E_r	危害程度	RI	危害程度
E_r<40	低风险	RI<150	轻度生态危害
40≤E_r<80	中风险	150≤RI<300	中等生态危害
80≤E_r<160	较重风险	300≤RI<600	强度生态危害
160≤E_r<320	高风险	RI≥600	很强生态危害
E_r≥320	严重风险

Fig.2 Descriptive statistics of heavy metals in the sediments of lakes in study area

Fig.3 Spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediments of lake in study area

Fig.4 Boxplot of Igeo of sediment heavy metal elements

Fig.5 Boxplot of pollution index (Pij) of sediment heavy metal elements

Fig.6 Pollution load index(a) and potential ecological risk index(b) of sediment heavy metal elements

Fig.7 Potential ecological risk index of sediment heavy metal elements

Fig.8 Sediment quality coefficient (SQG-Q) and toxicity unit (STU)

Fig.9 Plot of Pearson correlation coefficients

Fig.10 Cluster results of elements in sediment

Fig.11 Plot of principal component analysis loading

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