Research progress and prospect of karst eco-hydrology in China

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.10.26

Abstract

Abstract:

Since the late 20th century, research on the correlation between epikarst water utilization and the comprehensive treatment of rocky desertification in Southwest China has promoted the formation and development of eco-hydrology in the country. Notable research advancements include: (1) Studies on karst ecosystems with high dependency on groundwater: These ecosystems commonly feature dimorphic root systems, comprising both shallow and deep roots. Some deep roots extend over 100 meters and are completely dependent on karst groundwater, though the degree of dependence varies with hydrogeological conditions. (2) Investigation of the regulatory function of ecosystems on karst water resources: Ecology plays a regulatory role in the water resources of the epikarst zone, with forest ecosystems being of great value for conserving epikarst water resources. This makes epikarst springs the principal source of drinking water for residents in the karst mountainous areas of Southwest China. Thus, ecological regulation is essential for the sustainable utilization of karst water resources. (3) Analysis of the critical zone structure and eco-hydrological models: This research has elucidated the structure and characteristics of the critical karst zone, leading to the development of coupled eco-hydrological models for karst regions. These models facilitate better water resource management and help effectively prevent soil erosion and water leakage. Key future research directions include the six water cycles within the karst critical zone, establishing monitoring networks for karst eco-hydrological processes, and understanding the response mechanisms of karst eco-hydrology under extreme climate conditions and human disturbances.

Key words: karst, eco-hydrology, hydrogeology, karst critical zone, China

CLC Number:

JIANG Zhongcheng, LUO Weiqun, WU Zeyan, ZHANG Cheng, ZOU Shengzhang. Research progress and prospect of karst eco-hydrology in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2026, 33(1): 342-353.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Profile sketch for epikarst and karst conduit of karst peak cluster depression

Fig.2 Coordinated model for karst water use and eco-environment treatment in Guohua, Guangxi

Fig.3 Impounding reservoir in high elevation karst depression in Luota,Hunan

Fig.4 Hydrogeological profile of Landiantang epikarst spring in Nongla, Guangxi

Fig.5 Joint regulation model of water source forest - epikarst water - water tanks in Guohua peak cluster depression

Fig.6 Profile of typical karst critical zone. Modified after [55].

Fig.7 Correlation profile of five circles in karst critical zone. Adapted from [60].

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