The characteristics of global podiform chromites and prospecting potential in China

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.5.32

Abstract

Abstract:

Chromite is an important strategic metal mineral, which has two genetic types: stratiform and podiform. The results show that the podiform chromite is mainly distributed in the Tethys, PaleoAsian Ocean, Pacific Rim and Gondwana metallogenic regions, especially the Tethys and PaleoAsian Ocean metallogenic regions. In these two metallogenic regions, many large to super-large podiform chromite deposits have been found abroad, while in the same tectonic belt within China, the chromite deposits found are small and scattered. The comparative analysis shows that the potential of chromite resources in China has not been fully tapped, and the chromite prospecting confidence should be enhanced, focusing on the areas such as Sartokay in Xinjiang, Yarlung Zangbo River and Bangong Lake-Nujiang River in Tibet, Erlian-Hegenshan in Inner Mongolia and Dadaoerji in Gansu Province, so as to improve prospecting ideas, optimize prospecting technology and methods, and speed up drilling verification. End the long-term situation of totally relying on import from abroad as soon as possible.

Key words: chromite, strategic mineral, mineralization pattern, prospecting target, resource potential

CLC Number:

P618.3

YUAN Jianguo, ZHANG Wanyi, PANG Zhenshan, LI Guangxu, CHEN Gang, GUO Lingjun, ZHAI Qingguo, TENG Xuejian, WAN Yu, SHI Chunyuan. The characteristics of global podiform chromites and prospecting potential in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2025, 32(6): 473-496.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 The global distribution map of major podiform chromite deposits. Modified after [11-13].

Table 1 Global chromite production in 2014-2024 (10 000 tons)[11,15]

年份	南非	土耳其	哈萨克斯坦	印度	芬兰	其他	总计
2014	1 200	260	370	354	—	459	2 643
2015	1 400	350	549	320	—	422	3 041
2016	1 470	280	538	320	—	416	3 024
2017	1 650	650	458	350	—	458	3 566
2018	1 760	800	669	430	221	425	4 305
2019	1 640	1 000	670	414	242	511	4 477
2020	1 320	800	700	250	229	398	3 697
2021	1 860	696	650	425	227	362	4 220
2022	1 910	541	600	400	200	538	4 189
2023	1 800	600	600	420	200	520	4 140
2024	2 100	800	650	410	190	290	4 400

Fig.2 Comparison of ideal chromite deposits and typical chromite ore positions. Modified after [13,17].

Fig.3 Relation between MgO and other major elements of chromite mafic-ultramafic rocks

Table 2 Comparison of characteristics of major podiform chromite deposits at home and abroad

Fig.4 Distribution map of major podiform chromite deposits in the world (the ordinate values are schematic values)

Fig.5 Simplified geological map of the Bulqiza-Bart chromium deposit in Albania. Modified after [90-91].

Fig.6 Geological sketch of the Kempirsay in Kazakhstan. Modified after [95].

Fig.7 Geological Sketch Map of Zambales Sericite-Greywacke in the Philippines. Modified after [98-99].

Fig.8 Geological schematic map of ultramafic rock mass of the Ingessana Mountain. Modified after [70].

Fig.9 Distribution of major chromite deposits in China. Modified after [103].

Fig.10 Distribution of ophiolite in the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone and typical profile of the Robesa chromite. Modified after [46].

Fig.11 Distribution of ophiolite in Bangong Lake-Nujiang suture zone, Tibet. Modified after [115].

Fig.12 Distribution of ophiolite in northern Xinjiang and lithofacies zonation of ultramafic rocks in Saltuohai, Xinjiang. Modified after [62].

Fig.13 Schematic map of the Hegen Mountain ophiolite and Profile of the podiform chromite deposit No. 3756. Modified after [117,120-121].

Fig.14 Geological schematic map of 4 to 5 ore groups in the western section of the Dadaoerji Ⅲ1 rock belt. Modified after [123].

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