Sedimentary characteristics and genesis of thick conglomerate in the middle section of Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin: Insight from a consecutive coring study of well LY1

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.9.37

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the sedimentary characteristics, genetic mechanism and controlling factors of thick conglomerate in continental rift basins, and to find favorable exploration target, the thick conglomerate in the middle section of the Xiguayuanzu Formation, Luanping Basin, is taken as the research object. According to theory of sedimentation, combined with logging, core, thin sections and test data, the lithofacies, lithofacies assemblage, sedimentary structure, electrical property and magnetic susceptibility of the thick conglomerate were analyzed. The thick conglomerate appears to be wrapped by black shale, where, due to sudden deformation, contacts with black shale are made at the top and bottom of the conglomerate; whilst the occurrences of abundant pyrite and some sensitive elements in the core reflect a strong reductive environment under hypoxia, indicating the conglomerate is in a deep water environment. Based on the genetic differences, two types of gravity flow-slide and slump-were identified. The sliding deposition includes 6 lithofacies and 4 lithofacies assemblages, whose main identification marks are the main and secondary sliding surfaces, high angle bedding, small positive fault and reverse fault in the layer. The slumping deposition also includes 6 lithofacies and 4 lithofacies assemblages and the main identification marks include the sliding surface, collapse deformation structure, convolute bedding, water escape structure, deformed gravel and partial primary bedding (graded bedding). The sliding deposition process is further divided into four stages according to the development position of the sliding surface, the amplitude variation characteristics of the gamma-ray curve and the acoustic wave curve. In the period of the Xiguayuan Formation, the slope fold zone on the edge of the basin, the supply of material source and certain trigger mechanism in the basin jointly control the formation of the deep water slide-slump gravity flow. Combining this control mechanism with the results of lithofacies analysis, the development mode of slide-slump gravity flow in the lacustrine steep slope zone of continental rift basin could be established.

Key words: slide and slump, sedimentary characteristics, genetic mechanism, Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

CLC Number:

WANG Cheng, JIANG Zaixing, KONG Xiangxin, ZHANG Yuanfu, ZHANG Jianguo, YUAN Xiaodong, LIU Xiaoning. Sedimentary characteristics and genesis of thick conglomerate in the middle section of Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin: Insight from a consecutive coring study of well LY1[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(3): 340-355.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Geological sketch map of the Luanping Basin

Fig.2 Structural-sedimentary columnar section of the Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

Table 1 Characteristics of lithofacies of the middle section, Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

Fig.3 Lithofacies of the middle section, Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

Fig.4 Sedimentary structures of middle section of Xiguayuan Formation in Luanping Basin

Fig.5 Lithofacies combination types in the middle section, Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

Fig.6 Characteristics of sediment slide in the middle section, Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

Fig.7 Characteristics of sediment slump in the middle section, Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

Fig.8 Stages and identification mark of sediment slide

Fig.9 Evidence of the trigger mechanism of sediment slide and slump

Fig.10 Model (a) and evolution (b) of sediment slide and slump in the middle section, Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

Fig.11 Microstructural characteristics of the conglomerate in the middle section, Xiguayuan Formation, Luanping Basin

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