Spatial distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments in Lake Yunmeng

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.1.57

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in Lake Yunmeng, the distribution, source and ecological risk of six heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd and As) in lake surface sediments were analyzed to provide a basis for the pollution treatment and ensure drinking water safety for Lake Yunmeng. The source of heavy metals was investigated by enrichment factor, correlation and cluster analysis, and the contamination and potential ecological risk of heavy metals were evaluated by using geoaccumulation, enrichment factor and potential ecological risk indexes. The results indicate the average contents of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd and As were 20.9, 73.1, 23.1, 62.0, 0.4 and 4.5 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with the soil background values, elevated Cd, Zn and Cr levels were found in Linyi City, and Cd pollution was the most serious. Source analysis shows that Cd was greatly affected by human activities likely related to local fertilizer use in agriculture and forestry, whereas Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and As were mainly from natural sources. The evaluation results indicate Cd was the main polluting element in surface sediments posing relatively high ecological risk in Lake Yunmen.

Key words: Lake Yunmeng, surface sediments, heavy metals, source analysis, risk assessment

CLC Number:

CAO Wei, ZHANG Lei, QIN Yanwen, CHI Minghui, ZHAO Yanmin, YANG Chenchen, SHI Yao. Spatial distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments in Lake Yunmeng[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2021, 28(5): 448-455.

Figures/Tables 9

References 36

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地累积指数		潜在生态危害指数		综合潜在生态危害指数
阈值区间	污染等级	阈值区间	风险因子程度分级	阈值区间	风险指数程度分级
I_geo≤0	无	E_i<40	轻微生态风险	RI<150	低
0<I_geo≤1	轻度-中等	40≤E_i<80	中等生态风险	150≤RI<300	中
1<I_geo≤2	中等	80≤E_i <160	较强生态风险	300≤RI<600	高
2<I_geo≤3	中等-强	160≤E_i <320	强生态风险	RI≥600	极高
3<I_geo≤4	强	E_i≥320	很强生态风险
4<I_geo≤5	强-极严重
I_geo>5	极严重

地累积指数		潜在生态危害指数		综合潜在生态危害指数
阈值区间	污染等级	阈值区间	风险因子程度分级	阈值区间	风险指数程度分级
I_geo≤0	无	E_i<40	轻微生态风险	RI<150	低
0<I_geo≤1	轻度-中等	40≤E_i<80	中等生态风险	150≤RI<300	中
1<I_geo≤2	中等	80≤E_i <160	较强生态风险	300≤RI<600	高
2<I_geo≤3	中等-强	160≤E_i <320	强生态风险	RI≥600	极高
3<I_geo≤4	强	E_i≥320	很强生态风险
4<I_geo≤5	强-极严重
I_geo>5	极严重

站位及参量	重金属含量/(mg·kg^-1)
站位及参量	Cu	Zn	Pb	Cr	Cd	As
S1	10.4	32.6	13.8	64.5	0.7	2.0
S2	24.2	79.9	19.7	70.7	0.5	5.1
S3	27.3	102.1	25.5	83.5	0.1	4.9
S4	2.6	9.5	5.8	12.0	0.1	0.3
S5	11.7	29.2	22.2	20.7	0.1	6.0
S6	22.9	69.6	15.4	59.6	0.6	2.6
S7	28.1	95.7	18.7	76.5	0.6	2.8
S8	28.0	103.0	56.2	72.3	0.4	10.2
S9	21.8	58.9	14.0	54.8	0.5	9.2
S10	11.2	45.6	24.6	47.0	0.2	5.0
S11	20.6	67.7	24.9	52.0	0.4	4.8
S12	35.8	128.2	28.9	74.9	0.4	1.2
S13	29.1	113.9	28.2	69.5	0.1	1.6
S14	26.9	84.5	21.5	53.9	0.5	6.6
S15	12.8	75.7	27.0	117.7	0.2	5.9
平均值	20.9	73.1	23.1	62.0	0.4	4.5
临沂市土壤背景值	23.7	64.5	26.1	61.1	0.125	6.5
站位样品数量超标比例	46.7%	66.7%	26.7%	53.3%	86.6%	20.0%
平均值与临沂市土壤背景值之比	0.9	1.1	0.9	1.0	3.2	0.7

站位及参量	重金属含量/(mg·kg^-1)
站位及参量	Cu	Zn	Pb	Cr	Cd	As
S1	10.4	32.6	13.8	64.5	0.7	2.0
S2	24.2	79.9	19.7	70.7	0.5	5.1
S3	27.3	102.1	25.5	83.5	0.1	4.9
S4	2.6	9.5	5.8	12.0	0.1	0.3
S5	11.7	29.2	22.2	20.7	0.1	6.0
S6	22.9	69.6	15.4	59.6	0.6	2.6
S7	28.1	95.7	18.7	76.5	0.6	2.8
S8	28.0	103.0	56.2	72.3	0.4	10.2
S9	21.8	58.9	14.0	54.8	0.5	9.2
S10	11.2	45.6	24.6	47.0	0.2	5.0
S11	20.6	67.7	24.9	52.0	0.4	4.8
S12	35.8	128.2	28.9	74.9	0.4	1.2
S13	29.1	113.9	28.2	69.5	0.1	1.6
S14	26.9	84.5	21.5	53.9	0.5	6.6
S15	12.8	75.7	27.0	117.7	0.2	5.9
平均值	20.9	73.1	23.1	62.0	0.4	4.5
临沂市土壤背景值	23.7	64.5	26.1	61.1	0.125	6.5
站位样品数量超标比例	46.7%	66.7%	26.7%	53.3%	86.6%	20.0%
平均值与临沂市土壤背景值之比	0.9	1.1	0.9	1.0	3.2	0.7

站位	各重金属富集系数
站位	Cu	Zn	Pb	Cr	Cd	As
S1	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.9	4.9	0.3
S2	1.8	1.5	1.3	2.0	6.6	1.3
S3	1.8	1.7	1.5	2.1	1.7	1.2
S4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.0
S5	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.6
S6	0.8	0.9	0.5	0.8	3.8	0.3
S7	1.4	1.8	0.9	1.5	5.1	0.5
S8	1.3	1.7	2.3	1.3	2.9	1.7
S9	1.1	1.1	0.6	1.0	4.0	1.6
S10	0.6	0.8	1.1	0.9	1.4	0.9
S11	1.0	1.2	1.1	0.9	3.8	0.8
S12	3.1	3.6	2.3	2.5	6.1	0.4
S13	4.2	3.8	3.7	3.9	3.9	0.9
S14	1.4	1.6	1.0	1.1	4.2	1.2
S15	0.6	1.3	1.2	2.2	1.5	1.0
平均值	1.3	1.5	1.2	1.4	3.4	0.9