地学前缘 ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 294-307.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.12.53

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量子科学与大数据科学:推动地质学跨越式发展的两大利器

焦守涛1,2(), 张旗3,*(), 汤军4, 原杰5, 王振6, 陈万峰7, 蔡宏明8, 王跃9   

  1. 1.中国地质调查局 自然资源综合调查指挥中心, 北京 100055
    2.自然资源部 地质信息工程技术创新中心, 北京 100055
    3.中国科学院 地质与地球物理研究所, 北京 100029
    4.长江大学 地球科学学院, 湖北 武汉 430100
    5.邢台学院 资源与环境学院, 河北 邢台 054001
    6.中国地质科学院 地质研究所, 北京 100037
    7.兰州大学 地质科学与矿产资源学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000
    8.新疆大学 地质与矿业工程学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046
    9.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-05 修回日期:2022-08-15 出版日期:2023-05-25 发布日期:2023-04-27
  • 通讯作者: *张 旗(1937—),男,研究员,从事岩石学和地球化学相关的科研工作。E-mail: zq1937@126.com
  • 作者简介:焦守涛(1988—),男,高级工程师,从事矿床学和地质大数据相关的科研工作。E-mail: jiaoshoutao88@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    自然资源部深地科学与探测技术实验室开放课题(202211);国家重点研发计划项目“基于地质云的地质灾害基础信息提取与大数据分析挖掘”(2018YFC1505501);国家重点研发计划项目“基于‘地质云’平台的深部找矿知识挖掘”(2016YFC0600510);中国地质调查局项目“地球科学数据集成与服务”(DD20221785);邢台学院“邢台天梯山溶洞碳酸盐同位素记录的第四纪季风信息研究”(XTXYYB202210)

Quantum Science and Big Data: Two powerful tools that drive rapid advancements in geology

JIAO Shoutao1,2(), ZHANG Qi3,*(), TANG Jun4, YUAN Jie5, WANG Zhen6, CHEN Wanfeng7, CAI Hongming8, WANG Yue9   

  1. 1. Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100055, China
    2. Technology Innovation Center of Geological Information, MNR, Beijing 100055, China
    3. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
    4. School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
    5. School of Resources and Environment, Xingtai University, Xingtai 054001, China
    6. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
    7. School of Earth Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    8. School of Geology and Mining Engineering, Xinjiang University, ürümqi 830046, China
    9. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2022-07-05 Revised:2022-08-15 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-04-27

摘要:

在理科数、理、化、生、地5大基础学科中,量子物理学、量子数学(量子计算、量子天文)、量子化学已经成为当代科学快速发展的引擎。令人称奇的是,最近,量子生物学也异军突起,在量子应用方面取得了飞速的进步。相比之下,量子地球科学落伍了。如何解决地质落后的问题,笔者认为,在地球科学研究中,量子科学和大数据科学可能是应当引起人们重视的两个领域。可是,针对量子与地质能否结合,量子科学能否引入地质学等问题,学术界有不同的见解。本文介绍了量子科技的发展、应用与展望,探讨在中国发展量子地球科学的紧迫性和可能性,建议近期应当关注量子地球科学研究领域。大数据研究在地球科学领域正蓬勃发展着,本文讨论了以下若干问题:大数据与范式革命、大数据思维、大数据与人工智能、大数据与实用主义,以及地质大数据前瞻与挑战等问题。本文认为,量子地球科学研究应当未雨绸缪,地质大数据研究应当大力加强。

关键词: 地质学, 量子, 大数据, 数据共享, 思维

Abstract:

Among the five branches of basic science (mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and geology), quantum physics, quantum mathematics (including quantum computing and quantum astronomy) and quantum chemistry are currently driving the rapid development of modern science, and remarkable progress has been made in quantum biology. By comparison, quantum geology is lagging behind. To address this issue, we suggest that both quantum science and Big Data should be emphasized in geological research. However, the scientific community has yet to reach a consensus on the following two questions: (1) Is the “quantum geology” idea reasonable? (2) Can quantum approach be adopted in geological research? Here we summarize the development, application and future of quantum technology, discuss the urgency and feasibility of conducting quantum geology research in China, and suggest several potential research areas. As Big Data technology has been widely used in geological research, we point out several challenging issues, which include Big Data and paradigm revolution, Big Data thinking, Big Data and artificial intelligence, Big Data and pragmatism, as well as the prospect of and challenges in geological Big Data research. Finally, we suggest that a forward-looking approach should be taken in promoting quantum geology research, and that geological Big Data research should be greatly strengthened and the data-sharing problem in geological research should be addressed.

Key words: geology, Quantum Sciences, Big Data, data sharing, thinking

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