Abstract:

For regions with complex terrain, remote sensing technology can be utilized for mineral resource exploration. Hyperspectral remote sensing technology, characterized by high spectral resolution and rich spatial information, enables effective identification of geological features and mineralization anomalies in these areas, and has been widely applied in geological mapping and mineral prospecting. With the high-quality development of China’s aerospace industry, GF-5 hyperspectral data have been employed for the precise identification of alteration minerals. By integrating multi-source information, this approach facilitates the evaluation of prospecting potential in target regions. This study focuses on the area surrounding the Haoyao’erhudong gold deposit in Xinhure area, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. GF-5 hyperspectral data were used for alteration mineral information extraction and analysis. Two inter-class distance methods were adopted to select reference endmember spectra, and the traditional Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) method was applied to complete alteration information mapping. A comprehensive analysis of lithology-structure-alteration multi-source geoscientific elements was conducted to generate an integrated map of alteration minerals. The study successfully extracted eight alteration minerals: kaolinite, muscovite, montmorillonite, alunite, hematite, ilmenite, goethite, and calcite, with corresponding distribution maps created. Comparative analysis between remotely sensed alteration information and existing typical mining zones in the study area validated the applicability of remote sensing-derived alteration data in geological prospecting. In conclusion, multi-source data integration demonstrates enhanced economic practicality in alteration mineral mapping, providing critical guidance and references for identifying potential mineralization zones.

Key words: multi-source geoscientific integration, GF-5, alteration mineral mapping, spectral optimization selection