Cause of helium-poor in Anyue gas field, Sichuan Basin

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2024.11.9

Abstract

Abstract:

The Sichuan Basin serves as a crucial natural gas production base in China. Within the basin, the Weiyuan gas field exhibits a high helium concentration and represents the first natural gas field in China to achieve industrial helium utilization. Both the Anyue and Weiyuan gas fields are situated within the Leshan-Longnvsi paleo-uplift belt, but the helium content of the Anyue field is significantly lower than that of Weiyuan. To investigate the causes of helium deficiency in the Anyue gas field, this study systematically analyzes and compares the gas composition, nitrogen, and noble gas isotope characteristics of natural gas samples from both fields. The constraints on helium accumulation conditions in the Anyue field are also analyzed in conjunction with the regional geological background. The helium concentration in natural gas from the Anyue gas field ranges from 0.012% to 0.089%. Only 10% of the samples contain helium concentrations exceeding 0.05% (He>0.05%), and these are concentrated in the Deng-2 Member of the Sinian Dengying Formation at the western edge of the Gaoshiti block. The helium-containing and helium-poor samples exhibit distinct helium-nitrogen coupling enrichment trends and nitrogen isotope signatures. The former group resembles the characteristics observed in the Weiyuan gas field, suggesting a possible helium source from intermediate-acid metamorphic rocks. In contrast, the helium and nitrogen in the latter group may originate from the mud shales of the Qiongzhusi Formation. The availability of a helium source is identified as the primary factor constraining helium enrichment in the Anyue gas field. Additionally, the Anyue gas field possesses enormous natural gas reserves. The massive influx of hydrocarbon gases into the reservoir significantly dilutes the helium concentration. Noble gas isotope evidence further indicates that gas-water interaction within the Anyue field is considerably weaker than in the Weiyuan field. The combination of gentler structural traps and higher reservoir pressure restricts the exsolution and enrichment of helium via formation water. These two factors are also crucial reasons for the helium deficiency in the Anyue gas field.

Key words: helium, Anyue gas field, helium-poor cause, helium source, charging intensity, gas-water interaction, reservoir pressure

CLC Number:

P593

CHEN Gengrong, LI Jing, SUN Dong, ZHOU Shixin, LIU Liangliang, WANG Hao, PANG Wenjun, WU Yuhang. Cause of helium-poor in Anyue gas field, Sichuan Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2025, 32(5): 278-289.

Figures/Tables 9

References 60

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井位	产层	产层压力/ MPa	主要气体组分/%
井位	产层	产层压力/ MPa	CH₄	C₂H₆	C₃H₈	He	CO₂	N₂	H₂S
GS125	灯四段	57.09	90.39	0.04	0.01	0.026	6.45	2.32	0.22
GS018-2-H1	灯四段	—	92.08	0.05	0.00	0.023	6.41	1.07	0.03
GS018-4-H1	灯四段	56.57	91.57	0.05	0.00	0.025	6.59	1.39	0.09
GS103-C1	灯四段	38.82	92.87	0.05	0.01	0.020	5.53	1.13	0.32
GS001-H39	灯四段	56.70	93.16	0.06	0.01	0.017	5.32	0.75	0.58
GS001-X40	灯四段	55.50	91.49	0.04	0.00	0.017	6.22	1.08	0.66
GS3	灯四段	53.39	93.19	0.16	0.06	0.020	4.06	0.81	1.48
MX8	灯四段	56.77	95.90	0.32	0.10	0.013	2.04	0.73	0.34
MX019-H2	灯四段	56.99	92.35	0.07	0.02	0.022	4.96	0.84	1.20
MX022-H33	灯四段	56.44	93.21	0.04	0.00	0.020	5.01	1.62	0.08
MX118	灯四段	59.47	92.55	0.05	0.00	0.021	5.25	1.04	0.95
GS001-X41	灯四段	55.54	92.39	0.04	0.00	0.019	5.50	0.75	1.25
GS001-H26	灯四段	55.74	92.14	0.05	0.00	0.021	4.98	1.04	1.75
GS001-X22	灯四段	56.59	92.68	0.04	0.00	0.025	5.06	1.33	0.82
GS001-X25	灯四段	56.41	92.35	0.04	0.00	0.019	5.86	0.70	1.00
GS001-X29	灯四段	—	92.71	0.04	0.00	0.021	5.53	0.94	0.71
GS001-X3	灯四段	56.47	92.54	0.04	0.00	0.020	6.58	0.17	0.63
GS001-X35	灯四段	56.04	92.82	0.04	0.00	0.019	5.21	0.78	1.10
GS001-X36	灯四段	58.21	93.01	0.04	0.00	0.022	5.37	1.04	0.48
GS001-H15	灯四段	—	92.48	0.04	0.00	0.020	5.20	1.02	1.08
GS135	灯二段	52.95	93.03	0.14	0.04	0.021	4.98	0.77	0.86
GS131X	灯二段	57.18	92.59	0.04	0.00	0.040	5.21	1.55	0.51
GS009-H1	灯二段	56.45	92.32	0.20	0.06	0.036	5.21	1.10	0.54
GS009-H2	灯二段	56.70	92.67	0.12	0.04	0.061	4.87	1.83	0.12
GS009-H3	灯二段	53.20	92.66	0.04	0.00	0.054	4.83	1.98	0.26
GS009-H4	灯二段	57.02	91.50	0.04	0.00	0.057	5.47	2.04	0.46
PT1	灯二段	—	92.76	0.08	0.00	0.016	2.96	1.96	1.90
PT101	灯二段	—	93.86	0.08	0.00	0.016	2.35	1.51	2.06
PT102	灯二段	—	93.43	0.07	0.00	0.017	3.01	1.07	2.37
GS123	灯二段	—	88.56	0.03	0.00	0.089	5.36	4.20	1.67
MX124	灯二段	—	93.07	0.05	0.00	0.019	5.36	1.23	0.26
MX008-H22	龙王庙	75.90	96.27	0.14	0.00	0.012	1.74	1.53	0.30
MX008-H30	龙王庙	75.90	96.80	0.15	0.00	0.012	1.84	0.88	0.29
MX009-3-X1	龙王庙	75.90	96.78	0.15	0.00	0.013	1.87	0.79	0.39
MX009-3-X2	龙王庙	75.90	95.78	0.14	0.00	0.012	1.94	1.64	0.47
MX009-3-X3	龙王庙	75.90	92.87	0.14	0.01	0.014	3.30	3.21	0.42
MX16-C1	龙王庙	76.72	97.48	0.16	0.00	0.013	1.27	0.79	0.27
MX23-C1	龙王庙	78.17	95.72	0.13	0.00	0.014	1.99	1.37	0.76
GS102	龙王庙	68.59	90.74	0.06	0.00	0.019	2.51	1.04	3.74
GS6	龙王庙	68.30	90.49	0.07	0.00	0.021	3.31	1.63	4.45
W112	寒武系	—	88.54	0.09	0.00	0.177	4.16	6.50	0.43
W36-1	寒武系	—	88.77	0.10	0.00	0.172	4.14	6.34	0.37
W42	寒武系	—	86.97	0.08	0.00	0.172	4.35	7.66	0.64
W71	寒武系	—	89.51	0.11	0.00	0.175	3.29	6.66	0.08

井位	产层	产层压力/ MPa	主要气体组分/%
井位	产层	产层压力/ MPa	CH₄	C₂H₆	C₃H₈	He	CO₂	N₂	H₂S
GS125	灯四段	57.09	90.39	0.04	0.01	0.026	6.45	2.32	0.22
GS018-2-H1	灯四段	—	92.08	0.05	0.00	0.023	6.41	1.07	0.03
GS018-4-H1	灯四段	56.57	91.57	0.05	0.00	0.025	6.59	1.39	0.09
GS103-C1	灯四段	38.82	92.87	0.05	0.01	0.020	5.53	1.13	0.32
GS001-H39	灯四段	56.70	93.16	0.06	0.01	0.017	5.32	0.75	0.58
GS001-X40	灯四段	55.50	91.49	0.04	0.00	0.017	6.22	1.08	0.66
GS3	灯四段	53.39	93.19	0.16	0.06	0.020	4.06	0.81	1.48
MX8	灯四段	56.77	95.90	0.32	0.10	0.013	2.04	0.73	0.34
MX019-H2	灯四段	56.99	92.35	0.07	0.02	0.022	4.96	0.84	1.20
MX022-H33	灯四段	56.44	93.21	0.04	0.00	0.020	5.01	1.62	0.08
MX118	灯四段	59.47	92.55	0.05	0.00	0.021	5.25	1.04	0.95
GS001-X41	灯四段	55.54	92.39	0.04	0.00	0.019	5.50	0.75	1.25
GS001-H26	灯四段	55.74	92.14	0.05	0.00	0.021	4.98	1.04	1.75
GS001-X22	灯四段	56.59	92.68	0.04	0.00	0.025	5.06	1.33	0.82
GS001-X25	灯四段	56.41	92.35	0.04	0.00	0.019	5.86	0.70	1.00
GS001-X29	灯四段	—	92.71	0.04	0.00	0.021	5.53	0.94	0.71
GS001-X3	灯四段	56.47	92.54	0.04	0.00	0.020	6.58	0.17	0.63
GS001-X35	灯四段	56.04	92.82	0.04	0.00	0.019	5.21	0.78	1.10
GS001-X36	灯四段	58.21	93.01	0.04	0.00	0.022	5.37	1.04	0.48
GS001-H15	灯四段	—	92.48	0.04	0.00	0.020	5.20	1.02	1.08
GS135	灯二段	52.95	93.03	0.14	0.04	0.021	4.98	0.77	0.86
GS131X	灯二段	57.18	92.59	0.04	0.00	0.040	5.21	1.55	0.51
GS009-H1	灯二段	56.45	92.32	0.20	0.06	0.036	5.21	1.10	0.54
GS009-H2	灯二段	56.70	92.67	0.12	0.04	0.061	4.87	1.83	0.12
GS009-H3	灯二段	53.20	92.66	0.04	0.00	0.054	4.83	1.98	0.26
GS009-H4	灯二段	57.02	91.50	0.04	0.00	0.057	5.47	2.04	0.46
PT1	灯二段	—	92.76	0.08	0.00	0.016	2.96	1.96	1.90
PT101	灯二段	—	93.86	0.08	0.00	0.016	2.35	1.51	2.06
PT102	灯二段	—	93.43	0.07	0.00	0.017	3.01	1.07	2.37
GS123	灯二段	—	88.56	0.03	0.00	0.089	5.36	4.20	1.67
MX124	灯二段	—	93.07	0.05	0.00	0.019	5.36	1.23	0.26
MX008-H22	龙王庙	75.90	96.27	0.14	0.00	0.012	1.74	1.53	0.30
MX008-H30	龙王庙	75.90	96.80	0.15	0.00	0.012	1.84	0.88	0.29
MX009-3-X1	龙王庙	75.90	96.78	0.15	0.00	0.013	1.87	0.79	0.39
MX009-3-X2	龙王庙	75.90	95.78	0.14	0.00	0.012	1.94	1.64	0.47
MX009-3-X3	龙王庙	75.90	92.87	0.14	0.01	0.014	3.30	3.21	0.42
MX16-C1	龙王庙	76.72	97.48	0.16	0.00	0.013	1.27	0.79	0.27
MX23-C1	龙王庙	78.17	95.72	0.13	0.00	0.014	1.99	1.37	0.76
GS102	龙王庙	68.59	90.74	0.06	0.00	0.019	2.51	1.04	3.74
GS6	龙王庙	68.30	90.49	0.07	0.00	0.021	3.31	1.63	4.45
W112	寒武系	—	88.54	0.09	0.00	0.177	4.16	6.50	0.43
W36-1	寒武系	—	88.77	0.10	0.00	0.172	4.14	6.34	0.37
W42	寒武系	—	86.97	0.08	0.00	0.172	4.35	7.66	0.64
W71	寒武系	—	89.51	0.11	0.00	0.175	3.29	6.66	0.08

井位	(³He/⁴He)/10^-8	⁴He/²⁰Ne	⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar	³⁸Ar/³⁶Ar	R/Ra	V_g/V_w(³⁶Ar)	V_g/V_w(²⁰Ne)
MX022-H33	5.69	6 538	748.30	0.19	0.041	7.00	4.93
MX118	3.73	11 976	785.90	0.18	0.027	6.42	8.57
GS001-X41	5.57	4 408	946.57	0.19	0.040	7.60	3.79
GS001-H26	6.44	10 088	761.80	0.18	0.046	6.13	7.09
GS001-X22	4.42	6 092	1 019.30	0.20	0.032	8.47	3.63
GS001-X25	4.70	9 166	768.30	0.19	0.034	7.55	7.09
GS001-X29	5.10	7 575	636.30	0.19	0.036	4.65	5.28
GS001-X3	6.24	11 882	684.80	0.18	0.045	5.90	9.09
GS001-X35	7.74	8 748	699.80	0.19	0.055	3.84	6.79
GS001-X36	3.45	7 622	663.40	0.18	0.025	5.29	5.29
GS001-H15	6.54	13 471	642.60	0.19	0.047	4.64	10.33
GS131X	5.42	11 145	1 373.80	0.19	0.039	5.58	2.89
GS009-H1	2.82	13 937	1 807.20	0.19	0.020	11.00	4.70
GS009-H2	4.37	12 951	2 662.30	0.19	0.031	8.73	2.60
GS009-H3	4.50	9 207	996.30	0.20	0.032	3.60	1.72
GS009-H4	3.53	6 297	1 067.30	0.19	0.025	3.27	1.27
PT1	9.79	60 486	660.20	0.18	0.070	6.50	55.19
PT101	7.94	11 997	678.30	0.19	0.057	6.58	10.96
PT102	6.74	21 146	857.50	0.18	0.048	9.18	18.28
GS123	3.80	37 600	2 000.60	0.17	0.027	4.50	6.28
MX124	2.54	26 481	787.80	0.17	0.018	6.77	20.62
MX008-H22	2.40	3 580	521.50	0.19	0.017	5.12	4.28
MX008-H30	1.64	16 787	602.60	0.18	0.012	7.52	20.58
MX009-3-X1	1.39	5 908	462.80	0.19	0.010	3.82	6.81
MX009-3-X2	1.79	3 439	514.70	0.18	0.013	4.97	4.32
MX009-3-X3	1.73	16 428	690.20	0.18	0.012	8.62	18.14
MX16-C1	7.35	11 412	538.70	0.18	0.005	5.76	13.65
MX23-C1	1.24	17 030	954.30	0.18	0.009	13.58	18.16
GS102	2.01	11 753	613.90	0.19	0.014	4.29	9.10
GS6	2.50	8 433	778.20	0.18	0.018	6.28	6.07
W112	3.30	43 862	3 015.60	0.17	0.020	3.35	3.63
W36-1	2.74	32 420	2 532.00	0.17	0.022	2.35	2.53
W42	3.05	41 906	3 628.30	0.17	0.024	3.67	3.12
W71	3.01	15 121	2 013.20	0.18	0.022	4.68	1.23

井位	(³He/⁴He)/10^-8	⁴He/²⁰Ne	⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar	³⁸Ar/³⁶Ar	R/Ra	V_g/V_w(³⁶Ar)	V_g/V_w(²⁰Ne)
MX022-H33	5.69	6 538	748.30	0.19	0.041	7.00	4.93
MX118	3.73	11 976	785.90	0.18	0.027	6.42	8.57
GS001-X41	5.57	4 408	946.57	0.19	0.040	7.60	3.79
GS001-H26	6.44	10 088	761.80	0.18	0.046	6.13	7.09
GS001-X22	4.42	6 092	1 019.30	0.20	0.032	8.47	3.63
GS001-X25	4.70	9 166	768.30	0.19	0.034	7.55	7.09
GS001-X29	5.10	7 575	636.30	0.19	0.036	4.65	5.28
GS001-X3	6.24	11 882	684.80	0.18	0.045	5.90	9.09
GS001-X35	7.74	8 748	699.80	0.19	0.055	3.84	6.79
GS001-X36	3.45	7 622	663.40	0.18	0.025	5.29	5.29
GS001-H15	6.54	13 471	642.60	0.19	0.047	4.64	10.33
GS131X	5.42	11 145	1 373.80	0.19	0.039	5.58	2.89
GS009-H1	2.82	13 937	1 807.20	0.19	0.020	11.00	4.70
GS009-H2	4.37	12 951	2 662.30	0.19	0.031	8.73	2.60
GS009-H3	4.50	9 207	996.30	0.20	0.032	3.60	1.72
GS009-H4	3.53	6 297	1 067.30	0.19	0.025	3.27	1.27
PT1	9.79	60 486	660.20	0.18	0.070	6.50	55.19
PT101	7.94	11 997	678.30	0.19	0.057	6.58	10.96
PT102	6.74	21 146	857.50	0.18	0.048	9.18	18.28
GS123	3.80	37 600	2 000.60	0.17	0.027	4.50	6.28
MX124	2.54	26 481	787.80	0.17	0.018	6.77	20.62
MX008-H22	2.40	3 580	521.50	0.19	0.017	5.12	4.28
MX008-H30	1.64	16 787	602.60	0.18	0.012	7.52	20.58
MX009-3-X1	1.39	5 908	462.80	0.19	0.010	3.82	6.81
MX009-3-X2	1.79	3 439	514.70	0.18	0.013	4.97	4.32
MX009-3-X3	1.73	16 428	690.20	0.18	0.012	8.62	18.14
MX16-C1	7.35	11 412	538.70	0.18	0.005	5.76	13.65
MX23-C1	1.24	17 030	954.30	0.18	0.009	13.58	18.16
GS102	2.01	11 753	613.90	0.19	0.014	4.29	9.10
GS6	2.50	8 433	778.20	0.18	0.018	6.28	6.07
W112	3.30	43 862	3 015.60	0.17	0.020	3.35	3.63
W36-1	2.74	32 420	2 532.00	0.17	0.022	2.35	2.53
W42	3.05	41 906	3 628.30	0.17	0.024	3.67	3.12
W71	3.01	15 121	2 013.20	0.18	0.022	4.68	1.23