Fig.1 Geological sketch map of southern Anhui Province within the eastern Jiangnan orogen belt. Modified from [19].

Fig.2 Letterhand geological cross-section (Zhaixi-Qiashe section) of the Huansha-Niuwu Formation in southern Anhui Province

Fig.3 Stratigraphic column diagram for the southern Anhui and northern Jiangxi Provinces

Fig.4 Rock photos showing the sedimentary structures developed in the Huansha (a, b) and Niuwu (c-g) Formations

Fig.5 A composite diagram depicting the stratigraphy, main sedimentary structures and facies and lithography of the Huansha and Niuwu Formations in southern Anhui Province

Fig.6 The rose diagram of small-sized cross-beddings in turbidites of the Huansha (a) and Niuwu (b) Formations in southern Anhui Province

Fig.7 Tectonic discrimination diagram of the Huansha and upper Niuwu Formations. Labels: Qt—quartz; L—clast; F—feldspar; Lt—total clast; Qp—polycrystal quartz; Lvm—volcanic clast; Lsm—sedimentary clast. A—recycled orogenic belt; B—stable craton or basement uplift; C—magmatic arc; P—accretionary wedge. Provenance subdivision adapted from [34].

Fig.8 TAS (a) and A/CNK-A/NK (b) diagrams of the Shexian granites from southern Anhui Province

Fig.9 Chondrite-normalized REE (a) and N-MORB-normalized trace element (b) patterns for the Shexian granites from southern Anhui Province

Fig.10 The Rb-(Y+Nb) (left), Rb-(Yb+Ta) (middle) and Ta-Yb (right) diagram of the Shexian granites from southern Anhui Province

Fig.11 An evolutionary model for the East Jiangnan Orogenic Belt