Further discussion on the Sanjiang Tethyan composite metallogenic system

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.3.9

Abstract

Abstract:

Composite orogeny and composite metallogenesis are salient features of the regional tectonic evolution and metallogeny in China, respectively. The complex sources of ore-forming materials, variable mechanisms of tectonic driving, divers genetic types of mineralization and the multi-stage of remobilization and overprint, have been the research interest in the scope of regional metallogenic theory. The Sanjiang Tethyan orogenic belt in Southwest China is a typical miniature of composite orogeny in China. It has a complex spatial-temporal composite orogenic framework, undergoing the evolution of the Proto-, Paleo-, Meso- and Neo-Tethyan accretionary orogeny in Paleozoic and Mesozoic and the collisional orogeny between Indian and Eurasian plates in Cenozoic. In order to systematically explain the composite metallogenesis under the background of composite orogeny and guide the regional exploration scientifically, in this paper, based on the theory of metallogenic system, we divide Proto-, Paleo-, Meso- and Neo-Tethyan metallogenic system related to accretionary orogeny, and squeezing folds, removal extension, squeezing slip, stretching rotation metallogenic system related to collisional orogeny, recognize that composite metallogeny is significant, and identify four types of typical composite metallogenic systems in five metallogenic belts, including accretionary-collisional orogenic VMS Pb-Zn-Cu+magmatic-hydrothermal Mo-Cu along the Changning-Menglian suture zone, accretionary+collisional magmatic-hydrothermal Cu-Mo-Sn-W in the Yidun arc and Tengchong-Baoshan block, collisional orogenic MVT Pb-Zn+magmatic-hydrothermal Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag in the Lanping basin and collisional orogenic alkali-rich-porphyry (Au-Cu-Mo)+orogenic Au type along the western margin of the Yangtze block. We also analyze the components each composite metallogenic system in detail, and propose the theory of composite metallogenic system, which means that geological systems formed by superimposition or interaction of multiple metallogenic events with different times or genetic types driven by the spatial-temporal transitions of varying tectonic regimes during superimposed orogeny.It was revealed the tectonic regime transition occurring upon the previous arc or rift belt is the main mechanism for the formation of composite metallogenic system.

Key words: ore genesis, metallogenic system, composite metallogenesis, Tethyan orogenic belt, Sanjiang region, Southwest China

CLC Number:

P611
P612

DENG Jun, WANG Qingfei, CHEN Fuchuan, LI Gongjian, YANG Liqiang, WANG Changming, ZHANG Jing, SUN Xiang, SHU Qihai, HE Wenyan, GAO Xue, GAO Liang, LIU Xuefei, ZHENG Yuanchuan, QIU Kunfeng, XUE Shengchao, XU Jiahao. Further discussion on the Sanjiang Tethyan composite metallogenic system[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(2): 106-136.

Figures/Tables 21

References 186

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成矿系统类	成矿系统	成矿作用类型	构造背景	代表性矿床	成矿时代/Ma	参考文献
增生造山	原特提斯成矿系统	BIF	原特提斯洋俯冲弧前盆地	惠民Fe矿床	中元古代	沈上越等^[68]
	原特提斯成矿系统	VMS	原特提斯洋俯冲弧后盆地	大坪掌Cu矿床	429±10	Lehmann等^[69]
	古特提斯成矿系统	VMS	古特提斯洋扩张洋岛	老厂Ag-Pb-Zn矿床	323.6±2.8	陈觅等^[70]
			古特提斯洋扩张洋脊	铜厂街Cu矿床	未知
			古特提斯洋俯冲弧间盆地	呷村Ag多金属矿床	217±28	Hou等^[71]
			古特提斯洋俯冲弧后盆地	羊拉Cu矿床	296.1±7.0	Zhan等^[72]
		斑岩-夕卡岩型	古特提斯洋俯冲火山岛弧	普朗Cu矿、雪鸡坪Cu矿、浪都Cu矿	230~199	Li等^[73]
		浅成低温型	古特提斯洋俯冲火山岛弧	官房、文玉Cu矿床	234.3±0.8	陈莉等^[74]
	中特提斯成矿系统	岩浆型	中特提斯洋扩张裂谷盆地	大雪山Cu-Ni矿床	300.5±1.6	Wang等^[75]
	中特提斯成矿系统	夕卡岩型	中特提斯洋俯冲陆缘弧	核桃坪Pb-Zn矿床、芦子园Fe-Pb-Zn矿床、滇滩Fe矿床	约120	Deng等^[20]
	新特提斯成矿系统	斑岩-夕卡岩型	新特提斯洋俯冲陆缘弧	红山Cu-Mo、休瓦促W-Mo、夏塞Ag-Pb-Zn、措莫隆Sn-Pb-Zn矿床	97~76	杨立强等^[76]
	新特提斯成矿系统	云英岩型	新特提斯洋俯冲陆缘弧	来利山Sn矿、小龙河Sn矿	75~55	Wang等^[77]
碰撞造山	挤压褶皱成矿系统	热液脉型	挤压褶皱盆地	金满Cu-Ag、连城Cu-Mo矿床	47.8±1.8	Zhang等^[78]
	挤压褶皱成矿系统	层控沉积- 热液改造型	挤压褶皱盆地	笔架山Sb、扎村Au、石磺厂As、黑龙潭Hg	中-晚始新世	王长明等^[79]
	拆沉伸展成矿系统	斑岩-夕卡岩型	拆沉伸展钾质斑岩带	玉龙Cu矿、北衙Au、马厂箐Cu-Mo、哈播Cu-Au矿、铜厂Cu矿床	约35	Deng等^[21]
	挤压走滑成矿系统	造山型	走滑剪切带	镇沅Au、金厂Au、大坪Au、长安Au矿床	27~21	Deng等^[21] Gao等^[80]
	挤压走滑成矿系统	MVT型	走滑拉分盆地	金顶Pb-Zn矿床、白秧坪Pb-Zn矿床	32~21	王长明等^[79]
	伸展旋钮成矿系统	热泉型	伸展火山弧	梁河Au
	伸展旋钮成矿系统	沉积型	伸展盆地	大寨Ge矿

成矿系统类	成矿系统	成矿作用类型	构造背景	代表性矿床	成矿时代/Ma	参考文献
增生造山	原特提斯成矿系统	BIF	原特提斯洋俯冲弧前盆地	惠民Fe矿床	中元古代	沈上越等^[68]
	原特提斯成矿系统	VMS	原特提斯洋俯冲弧后盆地	大坪掌Cu矿床	429±10	Lehmann等^[69]
	古特提斯成矿系统	VMS	古特提斯洋扩张洋岛	老厂Ag-Pb-Zn矿床	323.6±2.8	陈觅等^[70]
			古特提斯洋扩张洋脊	铜厂街Cu矿床	未知
			古特提斯洋俯冲弧间盆地	呷村Ag多金属矿床	217±28	Hou等^[71]
			古特提斯洋俯冲弧后盆地	羊拉Cu矿床	296.1±7.0	Zhan等^[72]
		斑岩-夕卡岩型	古特提斯洋俯冲火山岛弧	普朗Cu矿、雪鸡坪Cu矿、浪都Cu矿	230~199	Li等^[73]
		浅成低温型	古特提斯洋俯冲火山岛弧	官房、文玉Cu矿床	234.3±0.8	陈莉等^[74]
	中特提斯成矿系统	岩浆型	中特提斯洋扩张裂谷盆地	大雪山Cu-Ni矿床	300.5±1.6	Wang等^[75]
	中特提斯成矿系统	夕卡岩型	中特提斯洋俯冲陆缘弧	核桃坪Pb-Zn矿床、芦子园Fe-Pb-Zn矿床、滇滩Fe矿床	约120	Deng等^[20]
	新特提斯成矿系统	斑岩-夕卡岩型	新特提斯洋俯冲陆缘弧	红山Cu-Mo、休瓦促W-Mo、夏塞Ag-Pb-Zn、措莫隆Sn-Pb-Zn矿床	97~76	杨立强等^[76]
	新特提斯成矿系统	云英岩型	新特提斯洋俯冲陆缘弧	来利山Sn矿、小龙河Sn矿	75~55	Wang等^[77]
碰撞造山	挤压褶皱成矿系统	热液脉型	挤压褶皱盆地	金满Cu-Ag、连城Cu-Mo矿床	47.8±1.8	Zhang等^[78]
	挤压褶皱成矿系统	层控沉积- 热液改造型	挤压褶皱盆地	笔架山Sb、扎村Au、石磺厂As、黑龙潭Hg	中-晚始新世	王长明等^[79]
	拆沉伸展成矿系统	斑岩-夕卡岩型	拆沉伸展钾质斑岩带	玉龙Cu矿、北衙Au、马厂箐Cu-Mo、哈播Cu-Au矿、铜厂Cu矿床	约35	Deng等^[21]
	挤压走滑成矿系统	造山型	走滑剪切带	镇沅Au、金厂Au、大坪Au、长安Au矿床	27~21	Deng等^[21] Gao等^[80]
	挤压走滑成矿系统	MVT型	走滑拉分盆地	金顶Pb-Zn矿床、白秧坪Pb-Zn矿床	32~21	王长明等^[79]
	伸展旋钮成矿系统	热泉型	伸展火山弧	梁河Au
	伸展旋钮成矿系统	沉积型	伸展盆地	大寨Ge矿

复合成矿系统	复合模式	成矿作用类型	构造环境	代表性矿床	成矿时代/Ma	参考文献
增生-碰撞造山海底喷流(VMS)-岩浆热液型 Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn-Ag	穿时复合	VMS	原特提斯弧后盆地	大坪掌Cu-Pb-Zn	429±10	Lehmann等^[69]
			古特提斯洋岛火山	老厂Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag	323.6±2.8	陈觅等^[70]
			古特提斯洋中脊火山	铜厂街Cu
			古特提斯洋中脊火山	羊拉Cu	296.1±7.0	Zhan等^[72]
			古特提斯陆内裂谷	鲁春Cu-Pb-Zn	249~247	王保弟等^[91]
		斑岩-夕卡岩型	后碰撞陆内火山弧	羊拉Cu-Pb-Zn	231~228	王彦斌等^[130]
		斑岩-夕卡岩型	后碰撞拆沉伸展	老厂Mo、金腊Pb-Zn-Ag	43.8±0.8	陈珲等^[131]
增生-碰撞造山岩浆/热液Cu-Mo-Sn-W	穿时复合	岩浆型	中特提斯裂谷盆地	大雪山Cu-Ni	300.5 ± 1.6	Wang等^[75]
		斑岩-夕卡岩型	古特提斯火山岛弧	普朗Cu、雪鸡坪Cu、浪都Cu	230 ~ 199	Li等^[73]
			中特提斯陆缘弧	核桃坪Pb-Zn、芦子园Fe-Pb-Zn、滇滩Fe	约120	Deng等^[20]
			新特提斯陆缘弧	连龙Sn-Pb-Zn、红山Cu-Mo、瓦促W-Mo	97 ~ 76	杨立强等^[76]
		云英岩型	新特提斯陆缘弧	云龙Sn、小龙河Sn-W、来利山Sn-REE	75 ~ 55	Wang等^[77]
碰撞造山-盆地卤水-岩浆热液型Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu	同时复合/ 穿时复合	热液脉型	褶皱盆地	金满-连城Cu-Mo	47.8±1.8	Zhang等^[78]
		MVT型	前陆盆地	金顶Pb-Zn、白秧坪Pb-Zn	32 ~21	王长明等^[79]
		浅成低温热液型	走滑拉分分盆地	笔架山Sb、扎村Au、石磺厂As、黑龙潭Hg	中-晚始新世	王长明等^[79]
碰撞造山富碱斑岩Cu-Au和造山型Au复合成矿系统	穿时复合	斑岩-夕卡岩型	古缝合带	玉龙Cu矿、北衙Au、马厂箐Cu-Mo、哈播Cu-Au、铜厂Cu	约35	Deng等^[21]
碰撞造山富碱斑岩Cu-Au和造山型Au复合成矿系统	穿时复合	造山型	走滑剪切带	镇沅Au、金厂Au、大坪Au、长安Au	27~21	Deng等^[21] Gao等^[80]

复合成矿系统	复合模式	成矿作用类型	构造环境	代表性矿床	成矿时代/Ma	参考文献
增生-碰撞造山海底喷流(VMS)-岩浆热液型 Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn-Ag	穿时复合	VMS	原特提斯弧后盆地	大坪掌Cu-Pb-Zn	429±10	Lehmann等^[69]
			古特提斯洋岛火山	老厂Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag	323.6±2.8	陈觅等^[70]
			古特提斯洋中脊火山	铜厂街Cu
			古特提斯洋中脊火山	羊拉Cu	296.1±7.0	Zhan等^[72]
			古特提斯陆内裂谷	鲁春Cu-Pb-Zn	249~247	王保弟等^[91]
		斑岩-夕卡岩型	后碰撞陆内火山弧	羊拉Cu-Pb-Zn	231~228	王彦斌等^[130]
		斑岩-夕卡岩型	后碰撞拆沉伸展	老厂Mo、金腊Pb-Zn-Ag	43.8±0.8	陈珲等^[131]
增生-碰撞造山岩浆/热液Cu-Mo-Sn-W	穿时复合	岩浆型	中特提斯裂谷盆地	大雪山Cu-Ni	300.5 ± 1.6	Wang等^[75]
		斑岩-夕卡岩型	古特提斯火山岛弧	普朗Cu、雪鸡坪Cu、浪都Cu	230 ~ 199	Li等^[73]
			中特提斯陆缘弧	核桃坪Pb-Zn、芦子园Fe-Pb-Zn、滇滩Fe	约120	Deng等^[20]
			新特提斯陆缘弧	连龙Sn-Pb-Zn、红山Cu-Mo、瓦促W-Mo	97 ~ 76	杨立强等^[76]
		云英岩型	新特提斯陆缘弧	云龙Sn、小龙河Sn-W、来利山Sn-REE	75 ~ 55	Wang等^[77]
碰撞造山-盆地卤水-岩浆热液型Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu	同时复合/ 穿时复合	热液脉型	褶皱盆地	金满-连城Cu-Mo	47.8±1.8	Zhang等^[78]
		MVT型	前陆盆地	金顶Pb-Zn、白秧坪Pb-Zn	32 ~21	王长明等^[79]
		浅成低温热液型	走滑拉分分盆地	笔架山Sb、扎村Au、石磺厂As、黑龙潭Hg	中-晚始新世	王长明等^[79]
碰撞造山富碱斑岩Cu-Au和造山型Au复合成矿系统	穿时复合	斑岩-夕卡岩型	古缝合带	玉龙Cu矿、北衙Au、马厂箐Cu-Mo、哈播Cu-Au、铜厂Cu	约35	Deng等^[21]
碰撞造山富碱斑岩Cu-Au和造山型Au复合成矿系统	穿时复合	造山型	走滑剪切带	镇沅Au、金厂Au、大坪Au、长安Au	27~21	Deng等^[21] Gao等^[80]