Control of the Precambrian basement on the formation of the Mesozoic large-scale low-temperature mineralization in the Yangtze Craton

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.3.15

Abstract

Abstract:

Large-scale low-temperature mineralization occurs throughout the Yangtze Craton and central-western USA, with the former containing more types of low-temperature deposit. In addition to the MVT Pb-Zn and Carlin-type Au-(As)-(Sb)-(Hg)-(Tl) deposits common to the central-western USA, the Yangtze Craton also contains numerous vein-type Sb, Hg, and As deposits, making it ideal for exploring low-temperature mineralization formation models. Numerous studies have been conducted on the Mesozoic large-scale low-temperature mineralization in the Yangtze Craton, and the deposit geology, ore components, ore-forming fluids, timing, and geodynamic setting of mineralization are generally well understood. This study revealed that different deposit types (e.g., Pb-Zn, Au-Hg-Sb-As, and Au-Sb) in the Yangtze Craton are not spatially associated but distributed in specific domains with distinct Precambrian basement rocks. There are some indications that the basement rocks are variably enriched with various metals. The metals are remobilized and transported by deep-circulating fluids responsible for late large-scale low-temperature mineralization. The specific distributions of different deposit types are likely mainly controlled by the spatial heterogeneity of ore-forming elements in the basement rocks of the Yangtze Craton. However, this interpretation requires further confirmation, as tracing the metal sources of low-temperature mineralization is highly complex.

Key words: Yangtze Craton, Precambrian basement, Mesozoic large-scale low-temperature mineralization, metal sources

CLC Number:

P534.1
P611

HU Ruizhong, CHEN Wei, BI Xianwu, FU Shanling, YIN Runsheng, XIAO Jiafei. Control of the Precambrian basement on the formation of the Mesozoic large-scale low-temperature mineralization in the Yangtze Craton[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(2): 137-150.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 Simplified geological map showing the distributions of Precambrian basement rocks and Mesozoic low-temperature deposits in the Yangtze Craton. Modified form [46-47].

Fig. 2 A cartoon showing the basement controls of metal sources in the Victorian gold metallogenic province, Australia. Adapted from [74].

Fig. 3 Stratigraphic correlations of Precambrian strata in different domains of the Yangtze Craton. Modified from [46].

Fig. 4 Simplified litho-paleogeographic map of the Early Cambrian in the Yangtze Craton, and the distributions of black shales and Mesozoic low-temperature deposits. Modified from [92].

Fig. 5 Geological map and cross-section of the Xikuangshan giant Sb deposit, showing that the ore bodies are located in interlayer fracture zones. Adapted from [3].

Fig. 6 Summary of the ages of the Mesozoic low-temperature mineralization in the Yangtze Craton. Modified from [3].

Fig. 7 A proposed metallogenic model for the Indosinian (230-200 Ma) large-scale low-temperature mineralizationin the Yangtze Craton. Modified from [3].

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