Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2019, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 103-111.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2019.2.10

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Effects of intercropping ten herbaceous plants on lead uptake by and accumulation in water spinach

MENG Nan，WANG Meng，LI Shanshan，LI Xiaoyue，ZHENG Han，CHEN Li， CHEN Shibao   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    2. School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    3. Institute of Plant Protection and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
  • Received:2018-07-25 Revised:2018-10-16 Online:2019-11-30 Published:2019-11-30
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Abstract: In this study, we conducted a pot experiment to investigate the effects of various intercropping patterns on lead (Pb) uptake by and accumulation in water spinach (the major crop) compared with monoculture. We used ten different herbaceous cultivars, including Gaodan Grass, Sultan Grass, Pennisetum, Ryegrass, Lactucaindica, Chicory, Grain Amaranth, Alfalfa, Clover and Vetch, as intercropping plants. The results showed that intercropping Ryegrass, Lactucaindica, Chicory, Grain Amaranth, Alfalfa, Clover and Vetch significantly increased the shoot biomass of water spinach by 15.79%84.75%(P<0.05) compared with monoculture (the control). In water spinach shoot under different intercropping modes, the Pb content was 7.1115.36 mg/kg, Pb bioconcentration factor (BCF) ranged from 0.024 to 0.051, and Pb transfer factor (TF) from root to shoot ranged between 0.240 and 0.470. After intercropping Gaodan Grass, Sultan Grass, Lactucaindica, Chicory and Grain Amaranth, the shoot Pb content and accumulation in water spinach decreased by 24.39%41.46% and 65.36%75.06%, respectively, compared with monoculture. Moreover, the exchangeable Pb content in rhizosphere soil of water spinach significantly decreased by 4.47%9.09%, while the soil pH increased by 0.32%2.74%. The shoot Pb contents of the ten tested intercropping herbs followed the order of Chicory>Ryegrass>Lactucaindica>Gaodan Grass>Sultan Grass>Vetch>Alfalfa>Pennisetum>Clover>Grain Amaranth. The total Pb accumulation in plants per pot under different intercropping modes was 0.5602.108 mg/pot, in which 10 intercropping treatments achieved 1.733.76 fold increase over that of monoculture. The results indicated that intercropping Gaodan Grass, Sultan Grass, Lactucaindica, Chicory and Grain Amaranth and water spinach effectively decreased its Pb uptake and accumulation and simultaneously enhanced the overall Pb accumulation capacity of soil in the whole system, which is an ideal outcome in intercropping remediation.

 

Key words: lead, intercropping modes, water spinach, herbaceous plants, intercropping remediation

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