国际大洋钻探全球海平面变化研究进展

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.1.16

地学前缘 ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 10-24.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2022.1.16

• 深海沉积与全球变化综述 • 上一篇下一篇

国际大洋钻探全球海平面变化研究进展

胡钊彬¹(), 尉建功²^,³^,^*(), 谢志远²^,³, 张伙带¹^,², 钟广法¹^,^*()

1.同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室, 上海 200092
2.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东广州 511458
3.广州海洋地质调查局三亚南海地质研究所, 海南三亚 572025

收稿日期:2021-11-20 修回日期:2022-01-10 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-07-28
通讯作者: 尉建功,钟广法
作者简介:胡钊彬(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事地震地层学与海平面变化研究。E-mail: 2031714@tongji.edu.cn
基金资助:
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0201);“大洋钻探科学研究:南海重大基础地质问题与首钻选址”;上海市科技创新行动计划国际科技合作项目“国际大洋钻探计划合作研究(20590780200);国家重点研发计划项目“国际大洋钻探南海航次后科学研究(2018YFE0202400)

Research progress in global sea level change: A critical review on international ocean drilling

HU Zhaobin¹(), WEI Jiangong²^,³^,^*(), XIE Zhiyuan²^,³, ZHANG Huodai¹^,², ZHONG Guangfa¹^,^*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
3. Sanya South China Sea Institute of Geology, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Sanya 572025, China

Received:2021-11-20 Revised:2022-01-10 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-07-28
Contact: WEI Jiangong,ZHONG Guangfa

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

国际科学大洋钻探计划对全球海平面变化问题的关注始于1980年代初,至今已在被动大陆边缘、孤立碳酸盐台地、混积台地边缘、平顶海山等不同类型海区执行了23个与海平面变化相关的专题航次,采集了大量的钻探资料,为全球海平面变化研究提供了关键信息。依据这些资料,重建了近100 Ma以来的全球海平面变化历史,检验了Exxon的层序地层模型和海平面假说,明确了海平面变化的地层响应,建立了南极冰盖演化与海平面变化的关系。尽管如此,科学大洋钻探海平面变化研究仍存在一些不足,如钻探区的地域代表性还不够多,全球海平面变化信息提取时难以消除其他地质因素(如构造沉降)的影响,海平面变化记录的精度有待提高,多种因素作用下地层结构对海平面变化的响应还需进一步研究,海平面变化机制特别是冰盖动力学对海平面变化的影响及暖期海平面变化的原因还认识不清。在当今气候变暖的大背景下,这些问题的解决有助于提升未来海平面变化趋势预测的可靠性。

关键词: 国际科学大洋钻探, 全球海平面变化, 地层响应, 气候变化, 南极冰盖演化

Abstract:

The international scientific ocean drilling programs (DSDP, ODP, IODP) began focusing on global sea level changes in the early 1980s. So far, 23 related expeditions have been implemented in areas including passive continental margins, isolated carbonate platforms, mixed platform margins and guyots. As a result, a large number of drilling data have been collected to provide key research data. Based on these data, many achievements have been made, including the reconstruction of the history of global sea level changes during the past 100 Ma. In addition, the sea level hypothesis presented by scientists from EXXON was tested, the stratigraphic response to sea level change was clarified, and the relationship between the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet and sea level changes was established. Nevertheless, research deficiencies still exist, such as inadequate representation of drilling areas, entanglement of sea level information with local geological effects (e.g., tectonic subsidence), inaccurate sea level change recording, and a lack of understandings of the stratigraphic responses to and mechanisms of sea level changes (especially the influence of ice sheet dynamics and the cause of sea level changes in warm period). Under the background of today’s climate warming, resolving these issues will help making sea level change predictions more reliable.

Key words: international scientific ocean drilling, global sea-level change, stratigraphic response, climate change, Antarctic ice sheet evolution

中图分类号:

P737
P467

胡钊彬, 尉建功, 谢志远, 张伙带, 钟广法. 国际大洋钻探全球海平面变化研究进展[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(4): 10-24.

HU Zhaobin, WEI Jiangong, XIE Zhiyuan, ZHANG Huodai, ZHONG Guangfa. Research progress in global sea level change: A critical review on international ocean drilling[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(4): 10-24.

图/表 7

图1 国际科学大洋钻探计划海平面变化相关航次钻探历程

Fig.1 A time line of scientific ocean drilling expeditions associated with sea level changes

图2 科学大洋钻探全球海平面变化航次站位平面分布

Fig.2 Distribution of DSDP/ODP/IODP drill sites associated with sea level changes

图3 新泽西被动陆缘渐新世—中新世层序和氧同位素变化曲线及其与巴哈马台地地震反射界面和Haq曲线的对比(引自文献[48])

Fig.3 Comparison of Oligocene-Miocene slope sequences, onshore sequences (~0.5 m.y. uncertainty), oxygen isotopes, Bahamian reflections, and the “Haq” eustatic curve. Adapted from [48].

图4 科学大洋钻探获得的100 Ma以来的气候和海平面变化历史(引自文献[40]) Plio—上新世;Qt—第四纪。

Fig.4 History of climate and eustatic sea level changes during the past 100 Ma reconstructed by integrating the results of the DSDP/ODP/IODP scientific ocean drilling. Adapted from [40].

图5 基于IODP325航次(大堡礁)的钻探资料重建的35 ka以来的全球平均海平面变化(引自文献[65]) 灰色区域为GIA模型预测的海平面范围。

Fig.5 Global mean sea level changes of the past 35 ka, which is reconstructed from the fossil coral reef materials obtained from the Great Barrier Reef during IODP Expedition 325. Adapted from [65].

图6 新泽西被动大陆边缘渐新世地层层序对全球海平面变化的响应(引自文献[95])A—新泽西渐新世地层层序沿过井倾向剖面A-A'的分布(ACGS#4、AMCOR 6011和格雷特湾钻孔来自美国地质调查局,其余站位来自大洋钻探计划;B—各钻孔渐新世地层层序记录与解释的全球海平面变化及氧同位素事件的对应关系;C—新泽西渐新世沉积层序与全球海平面变化的关系概念模式(钻孔位置大致对应于层序O5和O6)。

Fig.6 The Oligocene stratigraphic sequences in the New Jersey passive margin in response to eustatic changes. Adapted from [95].

图7 南极冰盖演化与全球海平面变化、大气CO2浓度及温度的关系(引自文献[37]) A—基于大陆边缘岩心重建的全球海平面变化曲线及其对极地冰量波动的响应;B—基于海洋沉积物中的有机生物标志物和有孔虫重建的大气CO2浓度;C—基于代表全球冰量和深海温度的底栖有孔虫δ18O数据重建的全球大气温度曲线。

Fig.7 Illustration showing the relationship between the evolution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and the changes of global sea level, atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and global atmospheric temperature. Adapted from [37].

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国际大洋钻探全球海平面变化研究进展

Research progress in global sea level change: A critical review on international ocean drilling

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