Earth Science Frontiers ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 203-215.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.9.13
Previous Articles Next Articles
JIA Zhongjia1,2(), ZHU Junjiang1,2,*(), OU Xiaolin1,2, ZHANG Shengsheng1,2, HUANG Chang1,2, CHEN Ruixue1,2, ZHANG Shaoyu1,2, LI Sanzhong1,2, JIA Yonggang3,4, LIU Yongjiang1,2
Received:
2021-05-16
Revised:
2021-09-02
Online:
2022-09-25
Published:
2022-08-24
Contact:
ZHU Junjiang
CLC Number:
JIA Zhongjia, ZHU Junjiang, OU Xiaolin, ZHANG Shengsheng, HUANG Chang, CHEN Ruixue, ZHANG Shaoyu, LI Sanzhong, JIA Yonggang, LIU Yongjiang. Focal mechanism solutions for global tsunami earthquakes and future tsunami threat to China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(5): 203-215.
序号 | 发震时间 | 震源位置 | 震级 | 震源 深度/km | 节面1 | 节面2 | T轴 | P轴 | B轴 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
纬度/(°) | 经度/(°) | 走向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 倾向/(°) | 走向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 倾向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | |||||||||
1 | 1978-03-22 | 43.55 | 149.41 | 6.4 | 23.9 | 46 | 67 | 95 | 213 | 24 | 78 | 68 | 326 | 21 | 132 | 5 | 224 | |||||
2 | 1979-02-20 | 39.77 | 144.12 | 6.3 | 14.8 | 29 | 76 | 96 | 187 | 15 | 69 | 59 | 307 | 30 | 115 | 6 | 208 | |||||
3 | 1980-06-29 | 34.45 | 138.93 | 6.4 | 15 | 80 | 87 | 176 | 171 | 86 | 3 | 5 | 36 | 1 | 126 | 85 | 228 | |||||
4 | 1982-12-28 | 33.80 | 139.60 | 6.1 | 22.5 | 22 | 88 | -2 | 112 | 88 | -178 | 0 | 67 | 3 | 337 | 87 | 164 | |||||
5 | 1983-06-09 | 40.16 | 139.10 | 5.9 | 19.7 | 19 | 40 | 106 | 178 | 52 | 77 | 78 | 37 | 6 | 277 | 10 | 186 | |||||
6 | 1984-02-11 | 38.11 | 21.86 | 5.6 | 15 | 77 | 28 | -121 | 291 | 66 | -74 | 19 | 10 | 65 | 229 | 14 | 105 | |||||
7 | 1984-06-13 | 31.39 | 139.93 | 5.5 | 15.2 | 55 | 43 | 92 | 232 | 47 | 88 | 87 | 108 | 2 | 324 | 2 | 234 | |||||
8 | 1985-03-16 | 17.10 | -62.34 | 6.3 | 14 | 42 | 90 | -176 | 312 | 86 | 0 | 3 | 177 | 3 | 267 | 86 | 43 | |||||
9 | 1987-03-24 | 37.39 | 137.77 | 5.6 | 20.7 | 194 | 50 | 104 | 353 | 42 | 74 | 79 | 166 | 4 | 274 | 11 | 5 | |||||
10 | 1988-06-24 | 18.78 | 121.04 | 5.6 | 50.3 | 16 | 31 | 85 | 202 | 59 | 93 | 76 | 120 | 14 | 290 | 2 | 20 | |||||
11 | 1989-10-29 | 39.38 | 143.50 | 6.4 | 29.8 | 32 | 74 | 99 | 182 | 19 | 61 | 60 | 316 | 28 | 115 | 9 | 210 | |||||
12 | 1990-02-20 | 34.62 | 139.05 | 6.4 | 32.2 | 263 | 80 | 169 | 355 | 79 | 10 | 15 | 219 | 1 | 309 | 75 | 41 | |||||
13 | 1990-12-13 | 37.25 | 14.90 | 5.6 | 15 | 7 | 85 | 26 | 274 | 64 | 174 | 22 | 233 | 14 | 137 | 64 | 17 | |||||
14 | 1990-12-13 | 23.89 | 121.84 | 6.3 | 17.5 | 17 | 68 | 84 | 212 | 23 | 104 | 67 | 277 | 23 | 111 | 5 | 19 | |||||
15 | 1991-02-16 | 48.31 | 154.33 | 6.1 | 37.7 | 29 | 58 | 93 | 204 | 32 | 86 | 77 | 308 | 13 | 117 | 2 | 208 | |||||
16 | 1993-02-07 | 37.74 | 137.21 | 6.3 | 15 | 29 | 46 | 89 | 211 | 44 | 91 | 89 | 242 | 1 | 120 | 1 | 30 | |||||
17 | 1993-08-07 | 42.00 | 139.79 | 6.3 | 26.9 | 183 | 52 | 94 | 357 | 39 | 85 | 83 | 115 | 6 | 270 | 3 | 0 | |||||
18 | 1994-04-08 | 40.62 | 143.94 | 6.4 | 15 | 24 | 80 | 95 | 176 | 11 | 62 | 54 | 301 | 35 | 110 | 5 | 203 | |||||
19 | 1994-06-05 | -10.27 | 113.60 | 6.0 | 15 | 96 | 24 | -111 | 299 | 68 | -81 | 22 | 22 | 66 | 225 | 8 | 115 | |||||
20 | 1996-09-04 | 31.48 | 140.06 | 5.7 | 24.4 | 41 | 35 | 95 | 215 | 55 | 86 | 79 | 111 | 10 | 307 | 3 | 217 | |||||
21 | 1997-09-30 | 31.83 | 142.06 | 6.1 | 15 | 172 | 23 | 84 | 358 | 67 | 93 | 68 | 273 | 22 | 86 | 2 | 177 | |||||
22 | 1998-05-30 | 39.11 | 143.60 | 6.1 | 15 | 17 | 77 | 88 | 204 | 13 | 98 | 58 | 284 | 32 | 108 | 2 | 17 | |||||
23 | 2000-07-01 | 34.15 | 139.24 | 6.1 | 15 | 181 | 85 | -2 | 271 | 88 | -175 | 2 | 46 | 5 | 136 | 85 | 299 | |||||
24 | 2000-07-15 | 34.29 | 139.31 | 6.0 | 20.3 | 18 | 83 | 7 | 287 | 83 | 173 | 10 | 242 | 0 | 333 | 80 | 65 | |||||
25 | 2001-10-12 | 52.64 | -132.18 | 6.0 | 15 | 125 | 65 | 88 | 309 | 26 | 94 | 70 | 31 | 20 | 216 | 2 | 126 | |||||
26 | 2003-05-27 | 36.94 | 3.79 | 5.7 | 15 | 70 | 31 | 92 | 248 | 59 | 89 | 76 | 156 | 14 | 339 | 1 | 249 | |||||
27 | 2003-12-27 | -22.13 | 169.27 | 6.1 | 15 | 136 | 34 | -80 | 304 | 57 | -97 | 12 | 39 | 77 | 193 | 6 | 308 | |||||
28 | 2004-02-11 | 31.62 | 35.31 | 5.3 | 26.1 | 80 | 79 | -139 | 340 | 50 | -15 | 19 | 204 | 37 | 308 | 47 | 93 | |||||
29 | 2004-11-21 | 15.85 | -61.65 | 6.3 | 12 | 127 | 48 | -102 | 325 | 44 | -77 | 2 | 226 | 81 | 328 | 9 | 135 | |||||
30 | 2007-08-02 | 46.84 | 141.82 | 6.2 | 12 | 3 | 42 | 89 | 184 | 48 | 91 | 87 | 104 | 3 | 274 | 1 | 4 | |||||
31 | 2009-07-01 | 34.00 | 25.50 | 6.4 | 12 | 94 | 60 | 79 | 295 | 32 | 108 | 73 | 336 | 14 | 192 | 10 | 99 | |||||
32 | 2009-08-10 | 34.77 | 138.46 | 6.4 | 27.6 | 65 | 70 | 54 | 309 | 40 | 148 | 51 | 293 | 17 | 180 | 33 | 78 | |||||
33 | 2012-04-14 | -19.01 | 168.66 | 6.3 | 12 | 86 | 52 | -73 | 240 | 41 | -111 | 6 | 164 | 75 | 51 | 13 | 256 | |||||
34 | 2014-07-25 | 58.46 | -137.05 | 6.1 | 12 | 53 | 79 | 24 | 318 | 66 | 168 | 25 | 278 | 9 | 183 | 63 | 75 | |||||
35 | 2015-02-19 | -16.41 | 168.23 | 6.4 | 12 | 24 | 56 | 96 | 193 | 35 | 81 | 78 | 317 | 11 | 110 | 5 | 201 | |||||
36 | 2016-08-20 | 40.33 | 143.91 | 6.0 | 12 | 21 | 74 | 94 | 186 | 16 | 76 | 61 | 296 | 29 | 107 | 4 | 199 | |||||
37 | 2017-05-01 | 60.03 | -136.60 | 6.2 | 14.9 | 160 | 60 | 128 | 283 | 47 | 44 | 57 | 123 | 7 | 224 | 32 | 319 | |||||
38 | 2017-06-12 | 38.81 | 26.32 | 6.4 | 12 | 110 | 47 | -87 | 286 | 43 | -93 | 2 | 198 | 87 | 72 | 2 | 288 | |||||
39 | 2017-11-19 | -21.52 | 168.62 | 6.3 | 12 | 150 | 50 | -86 | 324 | 40 | -95 | 5 | 237 | 84 | 90 | 3 | 327 | |||||
40 | 2019-06-14 | -30.12 | -72.16 | 6.3 | 12 | 1 | 21 | 88 | 183 | 69 | 91 | 66 | 94 | 24 | 273 | 1 | 3 | |||||
41 | 2019-06-18 | 38.64 | 139.41 | 6.4 | 14.3 | 26 | 24 | 86 | 210 | 66 | 92 | 69 | 124 | 21 | 299 | 2 | 29 | |||||
42 | 2020-01-07 | 18.02 | -66.79 | 6.4 | 12 | 44 | 58 | -116 | 267 | 41 | -54 | 9 | 152 | 66 | 264 | 22 | 58 |
Table 1 Table of focal mechanism solution parameters for tsunami earthquakes
序号 | 发震时间 | 震源位置 | 震级 | 震源 深度/km | 节面1 | 节面2 | T轴 | P轴 | B轴 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
纬度/(°) | 经度/(°) | 走向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 倾向/(°) | 走向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 倾向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | |||||||||
1 | 1978-03-22 | 43.55 | 149.41 | 6.4 | 23.9 | 46 | 67 | 95 | 213 | 24 | 78 | 68 | 326 | 21 | 132 | 5 | 224 | |||||
2 | 1979-02-20 | 39.77 | 144.12 | 6.3 | 14.8 | 29 | 76 | 96 | 187 | 15 | 69 | 59 | 307 | 30 | 115 | 6 | 208 | |||||
3 | 1980-06-29 | 34.45 | 138.93 | 6.4 | 15 | 80 | 87 | 176 | 171 | 86 | 3 | 5 | 36 | 1 | 126 | 85 | 228 | |||||
4 | 1982-12-28 | 33.80 | 139.60 | 6.1 | 22.5 | 22 | 88 | -2 | 112 | 88 | -178 | 0 | 67 | 3 | 337 | 87 | 164 | |||||
5 | 1983-06-09 | 40.16 | 139.10 | 5.9 | 19.7 | 19 | 40 | 106 | 178 | 52 | 77 | 78 | 37 | 6 | 277 | 10 | 186 | |||||
6 | 1984-02-11 | 38.11 | 21.86 | 5.6 | 15 | 77 | 28 | -121 | 291 | 66 | -74 | 19 | 10 | 65 | 229 | 14 | 105 | |||||
7 | 1984-06-13 | 31.39 | 139.93 | 5.5 | 15.2 | 55 | 43 | 92 | 232 | 47 | 88 | 87 | 108 | 2 | 324 | 2 | 234 | |||||
8 | 1985-03-16 | 17.10 | -62.34 | 6.3 | 14 | 42 | 90 | -176 | 312 | 86 | 0 | 3 | 177 | 3 | 267 | 86 | 43 | |||||
9 | 1987-03-24 | 37.39 | 137.77 | 5.6 | 20.7 | 194 | 50 | 104 | 353 | 42 | 74 | 79 | 166 | 4 | 274 | 11 | 5 | |||||
10 | 1988-06-24 | 18.78 | 121.04 | 5.6 | 50.3 | 16 | 31 | 85 | 202 | 59 | 93 | 76 | 120 | 14 | 290 | 2 | 20 | |||||
11 | 1989-10-29 | 39.38 | 143.50 | 6.4 | 29.8 | 32 | 74 | 99 | 182 | 19 | 61 | 60 | 316 | 28 | 115 | 9 | 210 | |||||
12 | 1990-02-20 | 34.62 | 139.05 | 6.4 | 32.2 | 263 | 80 | 169 | 355 | 79 | 10 | 15 | 219 | 1 | 309 | 75 | 41 | |||||
13 | 1990-12-13 | 37.25 | 14.90 | 5.6 | 15 | 7 | 85 | 26 | 274 | 64 | 174 | 22 | 233 | 14 | 137 | 64 | 17 | |||||
14 | 1990-12-13 | 23.89 | 121.84 | 6.3 | 17.5 | 17 | 68 | 84 | 212 | 23 | 104 | 67 | 277 | 23 | 111 | 5 | 19 | |||||
15 | 1991-02-16 | 48.31 | 154.33 | 6.1 | 37.7 | 29 | 58 | 93 | 204 | 32 | 86 | 77 | 308 | 13 | 117 | 2 | 208 | |||||
16 | 1993-02-07 | 37.74 | 137.21 | 6.3 | 15 | 29 | 46 | 89 | 211 | 44 | 91 | 89 | 242 | 1 | 120 | 1 | 30 | |||||
17 | 1993-08-07 | 42.00 | 139.79 | 6.3 | 26.9 | 183 | 52 | 94 | 357 | 39 | 85 | 83 | 115 | 6 | 270 | 3 | 0 | |||||
18 | 1994-04-08 | 40.62 | 143.94 | 6.4 | 15 | 24 | 80 | 95 | 176 | 11 | 62 | 54 | 301 | 35 | 110 | 5 | 203 | |||||
19 | 1994-06-05 | -10.27 | 113.60 | 6.0 | 15 | 96 | 24 | -111 | 299 | 68 | -81 | 22 | 22 | 66 | 225 | 8 | 115 | |||||
20 | 1996-09-04 | 31.48 | 140.06 | 5.7 | 24.4 | 41 | 35 | 95 | 215 | 55 | 86 | 79 | 111 | 10 | 307 | 3 | 217 | |||||
21 | 1997-09-30 | 31.83 | 142.06 | 6.1 | 15 | 172 | 23 | 84 | 358 | 67 | 93 | 68 | 273 | 22 | 86 | 2 | 177 | |||||
22 | 1998-05-30 | 39.11 | 143.60 | 6.1 | 15 | 17 | 77 | 88 | 204 | 13 | 98 | 58 | 284 | 32 | 108 | 2 | 17 | |||||
23 | 2000-07-01 | 34.15 | 139.24 | 6.1 | 15 | 181 | 85 | -2 | 271 | 88 | -175 | 2 | 46 | 5 | 136 | 85 | 299 | |||||
24 | 2000-07-15 | 34.29 | 139.31 | 6.0 | 20.3 | 18 | 83 | 7 | 287 | 83 | 173 | 10 | 242 | 0 | 333 | 80 | 65 | |||||
25 | 2001-10-12 | 52.64 | -132.18 | 6.0 | 15 | 125 | 65 | 88 | 309 | 26 | 94 | 70 | 31 | 20 | 216 | 2 | 126 | |||||
26 | 2003-05-27 | 36.94 | 3.79 | 5.7 | 15 | 70 | 31 | 92 | 248 | 59 | 89 | 76 | 156 | 14 | 339 | 1 | 249 | |||||
27 | 2003-12-27 | -22.13 | 169.27 | 6.1 | 15 | 136 | 34 | -80 | 304 | 57 | -97 | 12 | 39 | 77 | 193 | 6 | 308 | |||||
28 | 2004-02-11 | 31.62 | 35.31 | 5.3 | 26.1 | 80 | 79 | -139 | 340 | 50 | -15 | 19 | 204 | 37 | 308 | 47 | 93 | |||||
29 | 2004-11-21 | 15.85 | -61.65 | 6.3 | 12 | 127 | 48 | -102 | 325 | 44 | -77 | 2 | 226 | 81 | 328 | 9 | 135 | |||||
30 | 2007-08-02 | 46.84 | 141.82 | 6.2 | 12 | 3 | 42 | 89 | 184 | 48 | 91 | 87 | 104 | 3 | 274 | 1 | 4 | |||||
31 | 2009-07-01 | 34.00 | 25.50 | 6.4 | 12 | 94 | 60 | 79 | 295 | 32 | 108 | 73 | 336 | 14 | 192 | 10 | 99 | |||||
32 | 2009-08-10 | 34.77 | 138.46 | 6.4 | 27.6 | 65 | 70 | 54 | 309 | 40 | 148 | 51 | 293 | 17 | 180 | 33 | 78 | |||||
33 | 2012-04-14 | -19.01 | 168.66 | 6.3 | 12 | 86 | 52 | -73 | 240 | 41 | -111 | 6 | 164 | 75 | 51 | 13 | 256 | |||||
34 | 2014-07-25 | 58.46 | -137.05 | 6.1 | 12 | 53 | 79 | 24 | 318 | 66 | 168 | 25 | 278 | 9 | 183 | 63 | 75 | |||||
35 | 2015-02-19 | -16.41 | 168.23 | 6.4 | 12 | 24 | 56 | 96 | 193 | 35 | 81 | 78 | 317 | 11 | 110 | 5 | 201 | |||||
36 | 2016-08-20 | 40.33 | 143.91 | 6.0 | 12 | 21 | 74 | 94 | 186 | 16 | 76 | 61 | 296 | 29 | 107 | 4 | 199 | |||||
37 | 2017-05-01 | 60.03 | -136.60 | 6.2 | 14.9 | 160 | 60 | 128 | 283 | 47 | 44 | 57 | 123 | 7 | 224 | 32 | 319 | |||||
38 | 2017-06-12 | 38.81 | 26.32 | 6.4 | 12 | 110 | 47 | -87 | 286 | 43 | -93 | 2 | 198 | 87 | 72 | 2 | 288 | |||||
39 | 2017-11-19 | -21.52 | 168.62 | 6.3 | 12 | 150 | 50 | -86 | 324 | 40 | -95 | 5 | 237 | 84 | 90 | 3 | 327 | |||||
40 | 2019-06-14 | -30.12 | -72.16 | 6.3 | 12 | 1 | 21 | 88 | 183 | 69 | 91 | 66 | 94 | 24 | 273 | 1 | 3 | |||||
41 | 2019-06-18 | 38.64 | 139.41 | 6.4 | 14.3 | 26 | 24 | 86 | 210 | 66 | 92 | 69 | 124 | 21 | 299 | 2 | 29 | |||||
42 | 2020-01-07 | 18.02 | -66.79 | 6.4 | 12 | 44 | 58 | -116 | 267 | 41 | -54 | 9 | 152 | 66 | 264 | 22 | 58 |
序号 | 发震时间 | 震源位置 | 震级 | 震源 深度/km | 节面1 | 节面2 | T轴 | P轴 | B轴 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
纬度/(°) | 经度/(°) | 走向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 倾向/(°) | 走向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 倾向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | |||||||||
1 | 1976-08-16 | 7.07 | 123.75 | 8.0 | 33 | 158 | 55 | 89 | 341 | 35 | 92 | 80 | 62 | 10 | 249 | 1 | 159 | |||||
2 | 1977-08-19 | -11.14 | 118.23 | 8.3 | 23.3 | 61 | 67 | -98 | 260 | 24 | -73 | 21 | 157 | 67 | 317 | 7 | 64 | |||||
3 | 1979-12-12 | 2.32 | -78.81 | 8.1 | 19.7 | 30 | 16 | 118 | 181 | 76 | 83 | 58 | 81 | 31 | 278 | 7 | 183 | |||||
4 | 1983-05-26 | 40.44 | 138.87 | 7.7 | 12.6 | 16 | 27 | 86 | 200 | 63 | 92 | 72 | 114 | 18 | 289 | 2 | 19 | |||||
5 | 1992-05-17 | 7.33 | 127.18 | 7.2 | 24.5 | 20 | 67 | 100 | 176 | 25 | 67 | 66 | 308 | 22 | 103 | 9 | 196 | |||||
6 | 1992-09-02 | 11.2 | -87.81 | 7.6 | 15 | 122 | 78 | 90 | 303 | 12 | 91 | 57 | 32 | 33 | 212 | 0 | 122 | |||||
7 | 1992-12-12 | -8.34 | 122.49 | 7.7 | 20.4 | 80 | 40 | 95 | 253 | 50 | 86 | 84 | 130 | 5 | 346 | 3 | 256 | |||||
8 | 1993-07-12 | 42.71 | 139.28 | 7.7 | 16.5 | 0 | 35 | 91 | 179 | 55 | 90 | 80 | 88 | 10 | 270 | 0 | 180 | |||||
9 | 1994-06-02 | -11.03 | 113.04 | 7.8 | 15 | 99 | 83 | 90 | 278 | 7 | 89 | 52 | 9 | 38 | 189 | 0 | 279 | |||||
10 | 1994-10-04 | 43.6 | 147.63 | 8.3 | 68.2 | 50 | 74 | 128 | 158 | 41 | 24 | 46 | 359 | 20 | 112 | 37 | 218 | |||||
11 | 1994-11-14 | 13.44 | 121.32 | 7.1 | 15 | 249 | 88 | -20 | 339 | 70 | -178 | 13 | 296 | 15 | 202 | 70 | 64 | |||||
12 | 1995-10-09 | 19.34 | -104.8 | 8.0 | 15 | 120 | 81 | 90 | 302 | 9 | 92 | 54 | 30 | 36 | 211 | 0 | 120 | |||||
13 | 1995-11-22 | 29.07 | 34.73 | 7.2 | 18.4 | 196 | 59 | -15 | 294 | 77 | -149 | 12 | 62 | 31 | 159 | 56 | 314 | |||||
14 | 1996-02-17 | -0.67 | 136.62 | 8.2 | 15 | 103 | 11 | 69 | 305 | 80 | 94 | 55 | 220 | 35 | 31 | 4 | 124 | |||||
15 | 1996-02-21 | -9.95 | -80.23 | 7.5 | 15 | 157 | 76 | 91 | 335 | 14 | 88 | 59 | 68 | 31 | 246 | 0 | 337 | |||||
16 | 1997-12-05 | 54.31 | 161.91 | 7.8 | 33.6 | 39 | 68 | 97 | 202 | 23 | 74 | 66 | 321 | 23 | 124 | 6 | 217 | |||||
17 | 1999-11-26 | -16.08 | 168.31 | 7.4 | 15 | 20 | 62 | 103 | 174 | 30 | 67 | 70 | 317 | 17 | 100 | 11 | 194 | |||||
18 | 2000-05-04 | -1.29 | 123.59 | 7.5 | 18.6 | 225 | 64 | 172 | 319 | 83 | 26 | 23 | 185 | 13 | 89 | 63 | 332 | |||||
19 | 2001-06-23 | -17.28 | -72.71 | 8.4 | 29.6 | 159 | 74 | 98 | 310 | 18 | 63 | 60 | 80 | 29 | 242 | 8 | 336 | |||||
20 | 2002-09-08 | -3.27 | 143.38 | 7.6 | 19.5 | 106 | 34 | 43 | 339 | 68 | 116 | 59 | 286 | 19 | 49 | 24 | 148 | |||||
21 | 2003-09-25 | 42.21 | 143.84 | 8.3 | 28.2 | 28 | 82 | 83 | 250 | 11 | 132 | 53 | 289 | 36 | 124 | 7 | 29 | |||||
22 | 2004-12-26 | 3.09 | 94.26 | 9.0 | 28.6 | 129 | 83 | 87 | 329 | 8 | 110 | 52 | 36 | 38 | 222 | 3 | 130 | |||||
23 | 2005-03-28 | 1.67 | 97.07 | 8.6 | 25.8 | 125 | 83 | 86 | 333 | 8 | 118 | 52 | 30 | 38 | 218 | 4 | 125 | |||||
24 | 2006-07-17 | -10.28 | 107.78 | 7.7 | 20 | 98 | 80 | 88 | 290 | 10 | 102 | 55 | 6 | 35 | 190 | 2 | 98 | |||||
25 | 2006-11-15 | 46.71 | 154.33 | 8.3 | 13.5 | 33 | 75 | 89 | 215 | 15 | 92 | 60 | 302 | 30 | 123 | 1 | 33 | |||||
26 | 2007-04-01 | -7.79 | 156.34 | 8.1 | 14.1 | 117 | 59 | 69 | 333 | 37 | 121 | 69 | 342 | 11 | 222 | 18 | 128 | |||||
27 | 2007-08-15 | -13.73 | -77.04 | 8.0 | 33.8 | 171 | 65 | 104 | 321 | 28 | 63 | 67 | 107 | 19 | 251 | 13 | 345 | |||||
28 | 2007-09-12 | -3.78 | 100.99 | 8.5 | 24.4 | 123 | 82 | 86 | 328 | 9 | 114 | 53 | 29 | 37 | 216 | 3 | 123 | |||||
29 | 2009-05-28 | 16.5 | -87.17 | 7.3 | 12 | 63 | 60 | -7 | 156 | 84 | -150 | 16 | 286 | 25 | 24 | 59 | 166 | |||||
30 | 2009-09-29 | -15.13 | -171.97 | 8.1 | 12 | 119 | 38 | -131 | 346 | 62 | -63 | 13 | 57 | 62 | 301 | 24 | 153 | |||||
31 | 2010-01-03 | -8.88 | 157.21 | 7.1 | 12 | 129 | 69 | 86 | 321 | 21 | 102 | 65 | 31 | 24 | 222 | 4 | 130 | |||||
32 | 2010-02-27 | -35.98 | -73.15 | 8.8 | 23.2 | 19 | 18 | 116 | 172 | 74 | 82 | 61 | 70 | 28 | 269 | 8 | 174 | |||||
33 | 2010-10-25 | -3.71 | 99.32 | 7.8 | 12 | 130 | 82 | 89 | 316 | 8 | 96 | 53 | 39 | 37 | 220 | 1 | 130 | |||||
34 | 2010-12-25 | -19.67 | 168.04 | 7.3 | 16.6 | 1 | 48 | -61 | 141 | 49 | -118 | 1 | 251 | 69 | 342 | 21 | 160 | |||||
35 | 2011-03-11 | 37.52 | 143.05 | 9.1 | 20 | 25 | 80 | 90 | 203 | 10 | 88 | 55 | 295 | 35 | 115 | 0 | 205 | |||||
36 | 2012-08-27 | 12.02 | -89.17 | 7.3 | 12 | 117 | 76 | 93 | 284 | 15 | 77 | 59 | 31 | 31 | 204 | 3 | 296 | |||||
37 | 2012-10-28 | 52.61 | -132.06 | 7.8 | 12 | 122 | 66 | 83 | 318 | 25 | 104 | 69 | 19 | 20 | 217 | 6 | 125 | |||||
38 | 2013-02-06 | -11.18 | 165.21 | 7.9 | 20.2 | 142 | 70 | 90 | 320 | 20 | 89 | 65 | 52 | 25 | 231 | 0 | 322 | |||||
39 | 2014-04-01 | -19.7 | -70.81 | 8.1 | 21.6 | 159 | 76 | 86 | 355 | 15 | 106 | 59 | 63 | 30 | 252 | 4 | 160 | |||||
40 | 2015-02-19 | -16.41 | 168.23 | 6.4 | 12 | 24 | 56 | 96 | 193 | 35 | 81 | 78 | 317 | 11 | 110 | 5 | 201 | |||||
41 | 2015-09-16 | -31.13 | -72.09 | 8.3 | 17.4 | 7 | 19 | 109 | 166 | 72 | 83 | 63 | 66 | 27 | 261 | 6 | 168 | |||||
42 | 2016-11-13 | -42.03 | 173.85 | 7.8 | 18.8 | 226 | 33 | 141 | 350 | 70 | 63 | 56 | 225 | 21 | 100 | 25 | 360 |
Table 2 Table of focal mechanism solutions for tsunami earthquakes producing tsunami wave height greater than 4 m
序号 | 发震时间 | 震源位置 | 震级 | 震源 深度/km | 节面1 | 节面2 | T轴 | P轴 | B轴 | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
纬度/(°) | 经度/(°) | 走向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 倾向/(°) | 走向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 倾向/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | 倾角/(°) | 方位角/(°) | |||||||||
1 | 1976-08-16 | 7.07 | 123.75 | 8.0 | 33 | 158 | 55 | 89 | 341 | 35 | 92 | 80 | 62 | 10 | 249 | 1 | 159 | |||||
2 | 1977-08-19 | -11.14 | 118.23 | 8.3 | 23.3 | 61 | 67 | -98 | 260 | 24 | -73 | 21 | 157 | 67 | 317 | 7 | 64 | |||||
3 | 1979-12-12 | 2.32 | -78.81 | 8.1 | 19.7 | 30 | 16 | 118 | 181 | 76 | 83 | 58 | 81 | 31 | 278 | 7 | 183 | |||||
4 | 1983-05-26 | 40.44 | 138.87 | 7.7 | 12.6 | 16 | 27 | 86 | 200 | 63 | 92 | 72 | 114 | 18 | 289 | 2 | 19 | |||||
5 | 1992-05-17 | 7.33 | 127.18 | 7.2 | 24.5 | 20 | 67 | 100 | 176 | 25 | 67 | 66 | 308 | 22 | 103 | 9 | 196 | |||||
6 | 1992-09-02 | 11.2 | -87.81 | 7.6 | 15 | 122 | 78 | 90 | 303 | 12 | 91 | 57 | 32 | 33 | 212 | 0 | 122 | |||||
7 | 1992-12-12 | -8.34 | 122.49 | 7.7 | 20.4 | 80 | 40 | 95 | 253 | 50 | 86 | 84 | 130 | 5 | 346 | 3 | 256 | |||||
8 | 1993-07-12 | 42.71 | 139.28 | 7.7 | 16.5 | 0 | 35 | 91 | 179 | 55 | 90 | 80 | 88 | 10 | 270 | 0 | 180 | |||||
9 | 1994-06-02 | -11.03 | 113.04 | 7.8 | 15 | 99 | 83 | 90 | 278 | 7 | 89 | 52 | 9 | 38 | 189 | 0 | 279 | |||||
10 | 1994-10-04 | 43.6 | 147.63 | 8.3 | 68.2 | 50 | 74 | 128 | 158 | 41 | 24 | 46 | 359 | 20 | 112 | 37 | 218 | |||||
11 | 1994-11-14 | 13.44 | 121.32 | 7.1 | 15 | 249 | 88 | -20 | 339 | 70 | -178 | 13 | 296 | 15 | 202 | 70 | 64 | |||||
12 | 1995-10-09 | 19.34 | -104.8 | 8.0 | 15 | 120 | 81 | 90 | 302 | 9 | 92 | 54 | 30 | 36 | 211 | 0 | 120 | |||||
13 | 1995-11-22 | 29.07 | 34.73 | 7.2 | 18.4 | 196 | 59 | -15 | 294 | 77 | -149 | 12 | 62 | 31 | 159 | 56 | 314 | |||||
14 | 1996-02-17 | -0.67 | 136.62 | 8.2 | 15 | 103 | 11 | 69 | 305 | 80 | 94 | 55 | 220 | 35 | 31 | 4 | 124 | |||||
15 | 1996-02-21 | -9.95 | -80.23 | 7.5 | 15 | 157 | 76 | 91 | 335 | 14 | 88 | 59 | 68 | 31 | 246 | 0 | 337 | |||||
16 | 1997-12-05 | 54.31 | 161.91 | 7.8 | 33.6 | 39 | 68 | 97 | 202 | 23 | 74 | 66 | 321 | 23 | 124 | 6 | 217 | |||||
17 | 1999-11-26 | -16.08 | 168.31 | 7.4 | 15 | 20 | 62 | 103 | 174 | 30 | 67 | 70 | 317 | 17 | 100 | 11 | 194 | |||||
18 | 2000-05-04 | -1.29 | 123.59 | 7.5 | 18.6 | 225 | 64 | 172 | 319 | 83 | 26 | 23 | 185 | 13 | 89 | 63 | 332 | |||||
19 | 2001-06-23 | -17.28 | -72.71 | 8.4 | 29.6 | 159 | 74 | 98 | 310 | 18 | 63 | 60 | 80 | 29 | 242 | 8 | 336 | |||||
20 | 2002-09-08 | -3.27 | 143.38 | 7.6 | 19.5 | 106 | 34 | 43 | 339 | 68 | 116 | 59 | 286 | 19 | 49 | 24 | 148 | |||||
21 | 2003-09-25 | 42.21 | 143.84 | 8.3 | 28.2 | 28 | 82 | 83 | 250 | 11 | 132 | 53 | 289 | 36 | 124 | 7 | 29 | |||||
22 | 2004-12-26 | 3.09 | 94.26 | 9.0 | 28.6 | 129 | 83 | 87 | 329 | 8 | 110 | 52 | 36 | 38 | 222 | 3 | 130 | |||||
23 | 2005-03-28 | 1.67 | 97.07 | 8.6 | 25.8 | 125 | 83 | 86 | 333 | 8 | 118 | 52 | 30 | 38 | 218 | 4 | 125 | |||||
24 | 2006-07-17 | -10.28 | 107.78 | 7.7 | 20 | 98 | 80 | 88 | 290 | 10 | 102 | 55 | 6 | 35 | 190 | 2 | 98 | |||||
25 | 2006-11-15 | 46.71 | 154.33 | 8.3 | 13.5 | 33 | 75 | 89 | 215 | 15 | 92 | 60 | 302 | 30 | 123 | 1 | 33 | |||||
26 | 2007-04-01 | -7.79 | 156.34 | 8.1 | 14.1 | 117 | 59 | 69 | 333 | 37 | 121 | 69 | 342 | 11 | 222 | 18 | 128 | |||||
27 | 2007-08-15 | -13.73 | -77.04 | 8.0 | 33.8 | 171 | 65 | 104 | 321 | 28 | 63 | 67 | 107 | 19 | 251 | 13 | 345 | |||||
28 | 2007-09-12 | -3.78 | 100.99 | 8.5 | 24.4 | 123 | 82 | 86 | 328 | 9 | 114 | 53 | 29 | 37 | 216 | 3 | 123 | |||||
29 | 2009-05-28 | 16.5 | -87.17 | 7.3 | 12 | 63 | 60 | -7 | 156 | 84 | -150 | 16 | 286 | 25 | 24 | 59 | 166 | |||||
30 | 2009-09-29 | -15.13 | -171.97 | 8.1 | 12 | 119 | 38 | -131 | 346 | 62 | -63 | 13 | 57 | 62 | 301 | 24 | 153 | |||||
31 | 2010-01-03 | -8.88 | 157.21 | 7.1 | 12 | 129 | 69 | 86 | 321 | 21 | 102 | 65 | 31 | 24 | 222 | 4 | 130 | |||||
32 | 2010-02-27 | -35.98 | -73.15 | 8.8 | 23.2 | 19 | 18 | 116 | 172 | 74 | 82 | 61 | 70 | 28 | 269 | 8 | 174 | |||||
33 | 2010-10-25 | -3.71 | 99.32 | 7.8 | 12 | 130 | 82 | 89 | 316 | 8 | 96 | 53 | 39 | 37 | 220 | 1 | 130 | |||||
34 | 2010-12-25 | -19.67 | 168.04 | 7.3 | 16.6 | 1 | 48 | -61 | 141 | 49 | -118 | 1 | 251 | 69 | 342 | 21 | 160 | |||||
35 | 2011-03-11 | 37.52 | 143.05 | 9.1 | 20 | 25 | 80 | 90 | 203 | 10 | 88 | 55 | 295 | 35 | 115 | 0 | 205 | |||||
36 | 2012-08-27 | 12.02 | -89.17 | 7.3 | 12 | 117 | 76 | 93 | 284 | 15 | 77 | 59 | 31 | 31 | 204 | 3 | 296 | |||||
37 | 2012-10-28 | 52.61 | -132.06 | 7.8 | 12 | 122 | 66 | 83 | 318 | 25 | 104 | 69 | 19 | 20 | 217 | 6 | 125 | |||||
38 | 2013-02-06 | -11.18 | 165.21 | 7.9 | 20.2 | 142 | 70 | 90 | 320 | 20 | 89 | 65 | 52 | 25 | 231 | 0 | 322 | |||||
39 | 2014-04-01 | -19.7 | -70.81 | 8.1 | 21.6 | 159 | 76 | 86 | 355 | 15 | 106 | 59 | 63 | 30 | 252 | 4 | 160 | |||||
40 | 2015-02-19 | -16.41 | 168.23 | 6.4 | 12 | 24 | 56 | 96 | 193 | 35 | 81 | 78 | 317 | 11 | 110 | 5 | 201 | |||||
41 | 2015-09-16 | -31.13 | -72.09 | 8.3 | 17.4 | 7 | 19 | 109 | 166 | 72 | 83 | 63 | 66 | 27 | 261 | 6 | 168 | |||||
42 | 2016-11-13 | -42.03 | 173.85 | 7.8 | 18.8 | 226 | 33 | 141 | 350 | 70 | 63 | 56 | 225 | 21 | 100 | 25 | 360 |
Fig.2 Ternary diagrams (based on Frohlich and Apperson) of focal mechanism solutions for tsunami earthquakes according to magnitude or tsunami wave height. (a) Ms>5.0 (N=341). (b) Ms< 6.5 (N=42). (c) Tsunami wave height > 4 m (N=42).
事件 | 各类事件占比/% | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
逆冲型 | 正断型 | 走滑型 | 奇异型 | |
震级大于5.0的海啸地震 | 63.34 | 17.60 | 15.84 | 3.23 |
震级小于6.5的海啸地震 | 59.52 | 19.05 | 19.05 | 2.38 |
浪高大于4 m的地震海啸 | 83.33 | 7.41 | 9.52 | 0.00 |
Table 3 Statistical table of focal mechanisms for tsunami earthquakes
事件 | 各类事件占比/% | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
逆冲型 | 正断型 | 走滑型 | 奇异型 | |
震级大于5.0的海啸地震 | 63.34 | 17.60 | 15.84 | 3.23 |
震级小于6.5的海啸地震 | 59.52 | 19.05 | 19.05 | 2.38 |
浪高大于4 m的地震海啸 | 83.33 | 7.41 | 9.52 | 0.00 |
Fig.4 Maps of tsunami earthquake distribution according to focal mechanism. (a) Thrust fault mechanism. (b) Normal fault mechanism. (c) Strike-slip fault mechanism. (d) Unusual mechanism.
地震震级Ms | 海啸等级M | 可能的海啸最大浪高/m |
---|---|---|
6 | -2 | 小于0.3 |
6.5 | -1 | 0.5~0.7 |
7 | 0 | 1.0~1.5 |
7.5 | 1 | 2~3 |
8 | 2 | 4~6 |
8.5 | 4 | 16~24 |
8.75 | 5 | 大于24 |
Table 4 Relationships between earthquake magnitude, tsunami magnitude and tsunami wave height. Adapted from [18].
地震震级Ms | 海啸等级M | 可能的海啸最大浪高/m |
---|---|---|
6 | -2 | 小于0.3 |
6.5 | -1 | 0.5~0.7 |
7 | 0 | 1.0~1.5 |
7.5 | 1 | 2~3 |
8 | 2 | 4~6 |
8.5 | 4 | 16~24 |
8.75 | 5 | 大于24 |
Fig.6 (a) Formation mechanism of a “draw-down” tsunami generated by a normal fault earthquake and (b) simulated Coulomb stress changes due to normal fault earthquakes
Fig.7 (a) Formation mechanism of a “run-up” tsunami generated by a thrust fault earthquake and (b) simulated Coulomb stress changes due to thrust fault earthquakes
[1] |
SATAKE K, ATWATER B F. Long-term perspectives on giant earthquakes and tsunamis at subduction zones[J]. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2007, 35(1): 349-374.
DOI URL |
[2] | 陈运泰, 杨智娴, 许力生. 海啸、地震海啸与海啸地震[J]. 物理, 2005, 34(12): 864-872. |
[3] | 安超. 海啸和海啸预警的研究进展与展望[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2021, 51(1): 1-14. |
[4] | 陈虹, 李成日. 印尼8.7级地震海啸灾害及应急救援[J]. 国际地震动态, 2005, 35(4): 22-26. |
[5] |
DANSCHUTTER D R G. Tsunami: response to a disaster[J]. Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America, 2005, 17(4): 481-494, xii.
DOI URL |
[6] |
HATHEWAY A W, KANAORI Y, CHEEMA T, et al. 10th annual report on the international status of engineering geology: year 2004-2005; encompassing hydrogeology, environmental geology and the applied geosciences[J]. Engineering Geology, 2005, 81(2): 99-130.
DOI URL |
[7] | BIRD P. An updated digital model of plate boundaries[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2013, 4(3): 1-52. |
[8] |
National Geophysical Data Center/World Data Service. NCEI/WDS global historical tsunami database[EB/OL]. [S. l.]: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. DOI: 10.7289/V5PN93H7.
DOI |
[9] | 李成. 地震海啸的研究[J]. 海洋通报, 1982, 1(2): 16-23. |
[10] | 闪迪, 王培涛, 任智源, 等. 日本南海海槽地震海啸对我国东海沿岸影响[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2018, 49(6): 1151-1158. |
[11] | 任智源, 原野, 赵联大, 等. 2016年全球地震海啸监测预警与数值模拟研究[J]. 海洋科学, 2017, 41(6): 98-110. |
[12] | 任智源, 侯京明, 王培涛, 等. 精细化地震海啸波流实时预警系统研究与应用[J]. 海洋学报, 2019, 41(9): 145-155. |
[13] |
KENNETT B L N, CUMMINS P R. The relationship of the seismic source and subduction zone structure for the 2004 December 26 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2005, 239(1/2): 1-8.
DOI URL |
[14] |
LANDRØ M, KODAIRA S, FUJIWARA T, et al. Time lapse seismic analysis of the Tohoku-Oki 2011 earthquake[J]. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2019, 82: 98-116.
DOI URL |
[15] | 王培涛, 于福江, 赵联大, 等. 越洋海啸的数值模拟及其对我国的影响分析[J]. 海洋学报(中文版), 2012, 34(2): 39-47. |
[16] | 张鑫, 毛献忠. 马尼拉海沟潜在地震海啸对我国华南沿海危险性研究[J]. 海洋预报, 2017, 34(2): 43-50. |
[17] | 温燕林, 于海英, 朱艾斓, 等. 设定琉球海沟发生罕遇地震评估我国东南沿海地区的海啸风险[J]. 地震工程学报, 2016, 38(2): 285-291, 317. |
[18] | 陈颙, 陈棋福. 印尼地震海啸及其相关的地球物理现象[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2005, 20(1): 112-117. |
[19] | 何永金. 地震与海啸关系探讨[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2005, 32(6): 82-84. |
[20] | International Seismological Centre (2021). On-line bulletin[EB/OL].[2021-04-22]. https://doi.org/10.31905/D808B830 |
[21] |
FROHLICH C, APPERSON K D. Earthquake focal mechanisms, moment tensors, and the consistency of seismic activity near plate boundaries[J]. Tectonics, 1992, 11(2): 279-296.
DOI URL |
[22] |
SATAKE K. Advances in earthquake and tsunami sciences and disaster risk reduction since the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami[J]. Geoscience Letters, 2014, 1: 1-13.
DOI URL |
[23] | 魏柏林, 陈玉桃. 地震与海啸[J]. 华南地震, 2005, 25(1): 43-49. |
[24] |
STEIN S, OKAL E A. The 2004 Sumatra earthquake and Indian Ocean tsunami: what happened and why?[J]. Visual Geosciences, 2005, 10(1): 21-26.
DOI URL |
[25] | 于庆武, 马怀书. 地震海啸的发生机制及对台湾地区地震海啸发生可能性的探讨[J]. 海洋科技资料, 1981(3): 4-43. |
[26] |
KAWAMURA K, LABERG J S, KANAMATSU T. Potential tsunamigenic submarine landslides in active margins[J]. Marine Geology, 2014, 356: 44-49.
DOI URL |
[27] | WELLS B D L, COPPERSMITH K J. New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area, and surface displacement[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 1994, 84(4): 974-1002. |
[28] | KING G C P, STEIN R S, LIN J. Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 1994, 84(3): 935-953. |
[29] |
LIN J, STEIN R S. Stress triggering in thrust and subduction earthquakes and stress interaction between the southern San Andreas and nearby thrust and strike-slip faults[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2004, 109(B2). DOI: 10.1029/2003JB002607.
DOI |
[30] | 郭彩玲, 王晓峰. 中国东部海域发生海啸的可能性分析[J]. 自然灾害学报, 2007, 16(1): 7-11. |
[31] | 王晓青, 吕金霞, 丁香. 我国地震海啸危险性初步探讨[J]. 华南地震, 2006, 26(1): 76-80. |
[32] | 冯军. 我国地震海啸的特点与构造背景[J]. 中国应急救援, 2011(3): 21-22. |
[33] | 刘佳佳. 实时海啸监测和预报技术[J]. 海洋技术, 2007, 26(1): 20-25. |
[34] | 叶琳, 王喜年, 包澄澜. 中国的地震海啸及其预警服务[J]. 自然灾害学报, 1994, 3(1): 100-103. |
[35] |
LIU P L F, WANG X M, SALISBURY A J. Tsunami hazard and early warning system in South China Sea[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2009, 36(1): 2-12.
DOI URL |
[36] | 朱俊江, 丘学林, 詹文欢, 等. 南海东部海沟的震源机制解及其构造意义[J]. 地震学报, 2005, 27(3): 260-268. |
[37] | 魏柏林, 康英, 陈玉桃, 等. 南海地震与海啸[J]. 华南地震, 2006, 26(1): 47-60. |
[38] | 黄强, 景惠敏, 胡培. 日本南海海沟潜在地震海啸对中国东部沿海影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 海洋科学进展, 2018, 36(2): 206-215. |
[39] | 王恩惠. 琉球俯冲带构造应力场特征[D]. 北京: 中国地震局地壳应力研究所, 2020. |
[40] | 邓克. 台湾海峡滨海断裂带地质构造特征[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2019, 39(6): 72-80. |
[41] | 陈园田, 谢志平. 台湾海峡南部7.3级地震的地质构造背景[J]. 地震研究, 1996, 19(1): 77-84. |
[42] |
KODAIRA S, FUJIWARA T, GOU F J, et al. Large coseismic slip to the trench during the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake[J]. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2020, 48: 321-343.
DOI URL |
[43] | RHODES B, TUTTLE M, HORTON B, et al. Paleotsunami research[J]. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 2006, 87(21): 205-209. |
[44] |
SCHEFFERS A, KELLETAT D. Sedimentologic and geomorphologic tsunami imprints worldwide: a review[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2003, 63(1/2): 83-92.
DOI URL |
[45] |
EATON J P, RICHTER D H, AULT W U. The tsunami of may 23, 1960, on the island of Hawaii[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 1961, 51(2): 135-157.
DOI URL |
[46] |
SATAKE K, HEIDARZADEH M, QUIROZ M, et al. History and features of trans-oceanic tsunamis and implications for paleo-tsunami studies[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2020, 202: 103112.
DOI URL |
[47] |
LAY T, KANAMORI H, AMMON C J, et al. The great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake of 26 December 2004[J]. Science, 2005, 308(5725): 1127-1133.
DOI URL |
[48] |
GONZáLEZ F I, BERNARD E N, MEINIG C, et al. The NTHMP tsunameter network[J]. Natural Hazards, 2005, 35(1): 25-39.
DOI URL |
[49] |
RITSEMA J, LAY T, KANAMORI H. The 2011 Tohoku earthquake[J]. Elements, 2012, 8(3): 183-188.
DOI URL |
[50] | 李宏伟, 徐志国, 王宗辰, 等. 地震监测系统在我国海啸预警业务中的应用[J]. 海洋预报, 2018, 35(2): 1-7. |
[51] | 徐志国. 南中国海区域海啸预警中心海啸预警与减灾系统建设与发展[C]// 中国地球物理学会信息技术专业委员会.中国地球物理学会信息技术专业委员会地球物理信息前沿技术研讨会论文摘要集. 北京: 中国地球物理学会信息技术专业委员会, 2018: 1. |
[52] |
LIU P L F, WANG X M, SALISBURY A J. Tsunami hazard and early warning system in South China Sea[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2009, 36(1): 2-12.
DOI URL |
[1] | . The recent tectonic stress field of offshore of China mainland and adjacent areas. [J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2012, 19(4): 1-7. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||