Detailed study of the formation of Japanese islands based on tectonic evolution of basins in the East China Sea and Northern South China Sea

doi:10.13745/j.esf.2020.1.26

Abstract

Abstract:

The Japanese islands are located between the eastern edge of Asia and the western Pacific. The source and genetic mechanism of their formation have been extensively studied, but controversies still remain. Japan is traditionally considered to be part of the trench arc basin system formed by the Pacific subduction, but this notion contradicts geological observations. Based on topographical features, seismic exploration profiles, restoration of basin tectonic evolution history, paleomagnetic measurements and paleontological evidence, we systematically analyzed the tectonic migration of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, the Taiwan Southwestern Basin, the East China Sea Basin and the Okinawa Trough. The results showed that the Japanese continental plate drifted from two regions in the Cenozoic: Hokkaido came from the equator; and Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu came from the edge of the South China continent. The genetic mechanism is closely related to the eastward drifting of the Eurasian plate splitting from the North Atlantic, and India’s collision with the Eurasian plate. In the process, the Japanese islands on the eastern edge of the Eurasian plate first cracked, then drifted. This new continental drift model can reasonably explain the formation mechanism and process of the trench arc basin system. It can also explain the formation mechanisms of the arc-shaped island arc and the rich oil and gas deposits in the basin. This study provides a new dynamic mechanism for the continental drift model.

Key words: genesis of Japan, continental drift, dynamic mechanism, East China Sea Basin, Pearl River Mouth Basin

CLC Number:

P541

LIANG Guanghe. Detailed study of the formation of Japanese islands based on tectonic evolution of basins in the East China Sea and Northern South China Sea[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2020, 27(1): 244-259.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Regional geological map of Japan. Adapted from [2].

Fig.2 The original positions, drift paths and sequences of the continental blocks at the eastern margin of the Eurasian plate based on the wake analysis (based on USGA map)

Fig.3 Formation process of the pull-apart basin, showing the relative drift between A and B at the edges of both sides of the basin

Fig.4 Recovery of the tectonic evolutionary history of the East China Sea Basin

Fig.5 Distribution of basins in the Northern South China Sea and cracking pattern of three Japanese islands. Adapted from [26].

Fig.6 Distribution of China's offshore basins and cracking pattern of three Japanese islands

Table 1 Stratigraphic division of the Pearl River Mouth basin and Qiongdongnan basin[52]

Fig.7 Characteristics of magnetic anomaly and drift path of three Japanese islands. Adapted from [14].

Fig.8 Tectonic map of Asia and schematic diagram illustrating the new continental drift model and plate movement direction

Fig.9 Drift of the continental plate at the eastern margin of the Eurasian plate in the Cenozoic and the formation process of the Tanlu fault

Fig.10 Japan's drift path and characteristics of oil and gas fields distribution (based on USGS map)

Fig.11 Characteristics and genetic mechanism of the northwest Atlantic island arcs (based on USGS map)

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