地学前缘 ›› 2019, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 22-31.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2019.4.19

• 地下空间开发现状及挑战 • 上一篇    下一篇

简析我国城市地下空间开发利用的问题与挑战

朱合华，丁文其，乔亚飞，王昕，韩传峰，张冬梅，李晓军   

  1. 1. 同济大学 土木工程学院 地下建筑与工程系, 上海 200092
    2. 同济大学 岩土及地下工程教育部重点实验室, 上海 200092
    3. 同济大学 经济与管理学院, 上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-24 修回日期:2019-03-22 出版日期:2019-05-25 发布日期:2019-05-25
  • 通信作者: 乔亚飞(1990—),男,博士,助理研究员,主要从事隧道及地下工程、多场耦合模型的研究。
  • 作者简介:朱合华(1962—),男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事隧道及地下建筑工程的教学与科研工作。
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院学部咨询评议项目“中国城市地下空间开发利用的问题与挑战”(DX-2017-B02)

Issues and challenges in urban underground space utilization in China

ZHU Hehua,DING Wenqi,QIAO Yafei,WANG Xin,HAN Chuanfeng, ZHANG Dongmei,LI Xiaojun   

  1. 1. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
    3. School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2019-01-24 Revised:2019-03-22 Online:2019-05-25 Published:2019-05-25
  • Supported by:
     

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摘要： 虽然中国城市地下空间的建设规模和速度已经位居世界首位，但中国城市地下空间的开发利用仍存在着一系列亟须解决的问题和挑战。文章通过调研不同城市的地下空间开发利用现状并借鉴其他国家的经验，从管理、技术、运维和人才4个层次解析了中国城市地下空间开发利用所面临的问题和挑战。具体地说，在管理方面，缺少管理依据，缺失综合管理机构，管理机制和管理制度仍不健全，亟须建立中国特色的地下空间管理体系；在技术方面，复杂地质、复杂环境下的扰动施工控制技术仍需进一步提高，缺少新型的装备和技术，深层地下空间的开发利用尚处于起步阶段，亟须建立基于开发与保护的全深度、全资源开发利用技术体系；在运维方面，缺少地下基础设施维护与更新的成套技术体系，缺乏对运维信息的管理和应用，灾害下的地下空间逃生救援体制不完善，亟须建立数字化、智慧化的安全运维体系；在人才方面，尚未建立完善的地下空间学科体系，缺乏跨学科、复合型人才，亟须建立健全的地下空间人才培育体系。

 

关键词: 城市地下空间, 问题与挑战, 管理, 技术, 运维, 人才

Abstract: Although the scale and expansion speed of urban underground space utilization (UUSU) in China rank first in the world, a series of challenging issues still need to be resolved urgently. In this paper, based on our investigation of UUSU in different Chinese cities and the experience of other countries, we summarized these issues into four categories: management, technology, operation and maintenance, and human resources. In management, lack of guidelines and without a comprehensive management agency, China is facing challenges to establish an UUSU management system that can meet its needs. In technology, further improvements are needed in controlling construction disturbance in complex geological environment. Without advanced modern equipment while deep UUSU just begins, it can be challenging to design a versatile technological system based on development and conservation principles. In operation and maintenance, a comprehensive technical system needs to be developed for UUS infrastructure maintenance and escape-rescue operation. Management and utilization of UUS monitoring data is still in the initial stage, therefore, building a digital and intelligent operation/maintenance system can be challenging but is in urgent need. Lastly in human resources, strengthening investment in UUS engineering discipline will ease the shortage of all-around UUS engineers. Also a sound educational system is urgently needed to meet the demand for qualified UUS technicians.

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