基于短周期密集台阵接收函数揭示的藏南错那洞穹窿地壳结构

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.10.15

地学前缘 ›› 2024, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 170-180.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.10.15

• 青藏高原结构构造及成矿效应(“印度-欧亚大陆碰撞及其远程效应”专栏之十) • 上一篇下一篇

基于短周期密集台阵接收函数揭示的藏南错那洞穹窿地壳结构

蔡蔚¹^,²^,³(), 卢占武¹^,³^,^*(), 黄荣²^,⁴, 李文辉¹^,³, 罗银河²^,⁴, 王光文¹, 穆青²^,³^,⁴, 程永志¹, 陈司¹, 王冠¹, 陈子龙¹

1.中国地质科学院地质研究所, 北京 100037
2.中国地质大学(武汉) 地球物理与空间信息学院, 湖北武汉 430074
3.中国地质科学院自然资源部深地科学与探测技术实验室, 北京 100037
4.中国地质大学(武汉) 地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074

收稿日期:2023-08-10 修回日期:2023-10-11 出版日期:2024-01-25 发布日期:2024-01-25
通讯作者: *卢占武(1978—),男,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事深部地球物理探测和地球动力学研究。E-mail: luzhanwu78@163.com
作者简介:蔡蔚(1995—),男,硕士,主要从事远震接收函数研究。E-mail: 457886032@qq.com
基金资助:
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221647);自然资源部深地科学与探测技术实验室开放课题(202206);国家自然科学基金项目(91962109);国家自然科学基金项目(42174124);地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室科学技术部专项(MSFGPMR2022-4);湖北巴东地质灾害国家野外科学观测研究站开放基金项目(BNORSG-202214);湖北省自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(2023AFD211)

Crustal structure beneath the Cuonadong dome in southern Tibet revealed by receiver functions from a short-period dense array

CAI Wei¹^,²^,³(), LU Zhanwu¹^,³^,^*(), HUANG Rong²^,⁴, LI Wenhui¹^,³, LUO Yinhe²^,⁴, WANG Guangwen¹, MU Qing²^,³^,⁴, CHENG Yongzhi¹, CHEN Si¹, WANG Guan¹, CHEN Zilong¹

1. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
2. School of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
3. SinoProbe Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
4. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China

Received:2023-08-10 Revised:2023-10-11 Online:2024-01-25 Published:2024-01-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

位于印度-欧亚板块碰撞前缘的北喜马拉雅构造带,是研究陆陆碰撞过程中地壳增厚和深部岩浆活动的典型区域之一。北喜马拉雅穹窿带作为其中重要的伸展构造,其形成过程与造山运动引起的地壳增厚以及地壳深熔作用引起的地壳流动密切相关。本文以近年新发现的错那洞穹窿为例,利用短周期密集台阵观测,通过远震P波接收函数共转换叠加成像方法获取了错那洞穹窿区域地壳结构。结果表明:错那洞穹窿区域的地壳结构在东西方向上存在差异,壳内速度间断面存在多处不连续现象,局部区域甚至发生界面错断;而在错那裂谷和错那洞穹窿中、上地壳内存在低速区。综合前人研究,本文认为印度-欧亚板块持续碰撞使喜马拉雅东南缘岩石圈经历过地壳尺度拉伸变形。在地壳增厚及持续的高温变质作用下,中、上地壳随藏南拆离系伸展减压发生部分熔融,而熔融岩浆沿着藏南拆离系薄弱处不断上涌并在错那洞穹窿下方聚集,并使错那洞穹窿及错那裂谷中、上地壳弱化,促进区域东西向伸展,进而发生岩浆底辟形成错那洞穹窿。

关键词: 错那洞穹窿, 短周期密集台阵, 远震P波接收函数, 共转换叠加成像, 地壳结构

Abstract:

Located at the front edge of the subduction zone, the northern Himalayan tectonic zone is one of the typical regions to study crustal thickening and deep crustal magmatism during continental collision. The northern Himalayan gneiss domes (NHGD), as a critical extensional unit of the tectonic zone, have a formation process closely related to crustal thickening from orogenic movement and crustal flow due to partial melting. In this study, we used common-conversion-point stacking of teleseismic P-wave receiver functions to image the crustal structure beneath the recently discovered Cuonadong dome. We found large crustal structural variations from east to west of the Cuonadong dome with the occurrence of several discontinuous crustal interfaces, even crustal faulting. We also found a low velocity zone in the upper and middle crust beneath the Cona rifts and Cuonadong dome. Combining the above results and previous studies, we consider that the southeastern Himalayan lithosphere underwent crustal-scale tensional deformation as a result of continuing Indo-Eurasian collision. Under the long-term continental subduction, crustal thickening and continuous high-temperature metamorphism, the middle and upper crust underwent partial melting following the extension and decompression of the southern Tibet detachment (STD). The subsequent continuous magma upwelling along the weakened STD and magma accumulation beneath the dome region resulted in the weakened crustal zone, which promoted the east-west regional extension and then formed the Cuonadong dome through magmatic diapirism.

Key words: Cuonadong dome, short-period dense array, teleseismic P-wave receiver function, common-conversion-point (CCP) stacking, crustal structure

中图分类号:

P315.2

蔡蔚, 卢占武, 黄荣, 李文辉, 罗银河, 王光文, 穆青, 程永志, 陈司, 王冠, 陈子龙. 基于短周期密集台阵接收函数揭示的藏南错那洞穹窿地壳结构[J]. 地学前缘, 2024, 31(1): 170-180.

CAI Wei, LU Zhanwu, HUANG Rong, LI Wenhui, LUO Yinhe, WANG Guangwen, MU Qing, CHENG Yongzhi, CHEN Si, WANG Guan, CHEN Zilong. Crustal structure beneath the Cuonadong dome in southern Tibet revealed by receiver functions from a short-period dense array[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(1): 170-180.

图/表 6

图1 北喜马拉雅穹窿带(a)和研究区地质构造简图(b)(a据文献[4-5]修改; b据文献[4⇓⇓⇓-8]修改) 蓝色十字—70 km接收函数穿刺点;绿色十字—45 km接收函数穿刺点。

Fig.1 Geological sketch maps of NHGD. a is modified after [4-5] and b is modified after [4⇓⇓⇓-8].

图2 地震事件分布图

Fig.2 Distribution of seismic events in the study area

图3 不同速度模型(a)和主要界面深度对比图(b) a—IASP91、CRUST1.0以及USTClitho2.0速度模型对比,其中粉色矩形框为低速区;b—不同速度模型进行CCP成像提取主要转换震相界面对比图。

Fig.3 Velocity models (a) and depth comparison of main interfaces in CCP image (b)

图4 接收函数剖面(a)和CCP成像剖面(b)

Fig.4 Profiles of receiver function (a) and CCP image (b)

图5 利用NE(a)和SE(b)方向地震事件的接收函数CCP成像图

Fig.5 CCP image using receiver functions of seismic events in NE (a) and SE (b) directions

图6 错那洞穹窿及其邻区东西向伸展模式示意图

Fig.6 E-W extension style beneath the Cuonadong dome and adjacent area

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基于短周期密集台阵接收函数揭示的藏南错那洞穹窿地壳结构

Crustal structure beneath the Cuonadong dome in southern Tibet revealed by receiver functions from a short-period dense array

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