热带西太平洋沉积物的环境磁学特征对东亚冬季风的响应

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.5.55

地学前缘 ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 23-34.DOI: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2020.5.55

热带西太平洋沉积物的环境磁学特征对东亚冬季风的响应

侯啸林¹^,²(), 徐继尚¹^,²^,³^,^*(), 姜兆霞¹^,²^,³, 曹立华¹^,²^,³, 张强⁴, 李广雪¹^,²^,³, 王双⁵, 翟科⁶

1.中国海洋大学海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室, 山东青岛 266100
2.中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院, 山东青岛 266100
3.中国海洋大学海洋油气开发与安全保障教育部工程研究中心, 山东青岛 266100
4.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 北京 100029
5.中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所, 山东青岛 266071
6.青岛海大海洋能源工程技术股份有限公司, 山东青岛 266073

收稿日期:2020-03-11 修回日期:2020-05-27 出版日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2022-08-24
通讯作者: 徐继尚
作者简介:侯啸林(1993—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事海洋沉积与地质工程研究工作。E-mail: 1324819353@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(91858203);国家自然科学基金项目(41976198);国家自然科学基金项目(41030856);自然资源部全球变化与海气相互作用专项(GASI-02-PAC-CJ15)

Environmental magnetic characteristics of sediments of the western tropical Pacific: Response to the East Asian Winter Monsoon

HOU Xiaolin¹^,²(), XU Jishang¹^,²^,³^,^*(), JIANG Zhaoxia¹^,²^,³, CAO Lihua¹^,²^,³, ZHANG Qiang⁴, LI Guangxue¹^,²^,³, WANG Shuang⁵, ZHAI Ke⁶

1. Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
2. College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
3. Engineering Research Center of Marine Petroleum Development and Security Safeguard, MOE, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
4. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
5. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, China
6. Qingdao Haida Ocean Energy Engineering Technology Co. Ltd,Qingdao 266073, China

Received:2020-03-11 Revised:2020-05-27 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-08-24
Contact: XU Jishang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

西太平洋暖池(Western Pacific Warm Pool,WPWP)指位于热带太平洋中、西部(包括南海南部和苏禄海)年平均水温超过 28 ℃的广大海域。由于巨厚的表层暖水覆盖,西太平洋暖池成为全球热量和水汽交互的重要源区,对驱动温盐环流、调节全球气候变化具有重要作用。东亚冬季风(EAWM)是全球气候系统中最活跃的组成部分之一,它可能会通过寒潮侵入热带地区,引起深层对流,以此加强暖池区的对流活动和降水异常,从而影响赤道地区的潜热释放。但地质历史时期西太平洋暖池与东亚冬季风的相互作用关系尚不明确。由于东亚冬季风携带的风尘中往往包含有大颗粒的高矫顽力磁性矿物,我们可以通过沉积物中磁性矿物的组合、含量、颗粒大小和形态变化,分析不同时间尺度上气候环境变化和风尘物质的输入情况,进而反演东亚冬季风的强度变化。本文对取自热带西太平洋B10钻孔的岩心样品进行了环境磁学测试,以揭示地质历史时期西太平洋暖池沉积物环境磁学特征对东亚冬季风的响应。实验结果表明,沉积物中的主要载磁矿物为低矫顽力的磁铁矿,属于亚铁磁性矿物,并含有少量高矫顽力磁性矿物。沉积物中的磁性颗粒以准单畴(PSD)颗粒为主。高矫顽力的磁性矿物含量和细颗粒磁铁矿相对含量在冰期和间冰期呈现出显著相对变化,对东亚冬季风的变化有敏感响应:冰期沉积物中高矫顽力矿物含量增多,磁性颗粒粒径变大;间冰期沉积物中高矫顽力矿物含量降低,磁性颗粒粒径变细。在干燥、寒冷的冰期,由风尘携带而来的高矫顽力磁性矿物相对含量增加,沉积物中的磁性颗粒粒径变大,反映冰期东亚冬季风强度增大;在气候温暖湿润的间冰期,风尘的输入量较小,由风尘携带的高矫顽力磁性矿物含量相对较低,沉积物中的磁性颗粒粒径变小,反映间冰期东亚冬季风的强度减弱。

关键词: 西太平洋, 东亚冬季风, 环境磁学, 磁铁矿

Abstract:

The Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) refers to a vast sea area located in the middle and west of the tropical Pacific Ocean (including the southern South China Sea and the Sulu Sea) with an average annual water temperature of over 28 ℃. Covered by the ultra thick layer of warm surface water, with increasing prominence as a global heat source and site of water-vapor exchange, the WPWP plays an important role in driving the thermohaline circulation and regulating global climate change. The East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM), on the other hand, is one of the most active components of the global climate system. It can cause deep convection in tropical regions through cold waves, thereby strengthening convective activities and abnormal precipitation in the warm pool area. However, the historical interaction between WPWP and EAWM is still unclear. As aeolian dust carried by the EAWM usually contains large high-coercivity magnetic mineral particles, and these particles can cause fluctuations in environmental magnetic parameters, such as changing the mineralogy, concentration, grain size and morphology of magnetic minerals in sediments, one can assess the historical aeolian mineral inputs and EAWM intensity variations by analyzing the changes of environmental magnetic parameters of pelagic sediments in the WPWP. In this paper, we carried out environmental magnetic measurements on the B10 borehole sediments to reveal the response of the environmental magnetic characteristics of the WPWP sediments to the EAWM. We found the dominant magnetic minerals in the sediments were pseudo-single-domain (PSD) low-coercivity ferrimagnetic magnetite; and some high-coercivity magnetic minerals were also present. We also found the variabilities of high-coercive magnetic mineral content and relative content of fine-grained magnetite were highly correlated during the glacial and interglacial periods and sensitive to the EAWM intensity change: Both high-coercive magnetic mineral content and magnetic grain size increased during the glacial period and decreased during the interglacial period, in accordance with the strengthening and wakening of EAWM intensities during the respective periods.

Key words: western Pacific, East Asian Winter Monsoon, environmental magnetism, magnetite

中图分类号:

侯啸林, 徐继尚, 姜兆霞, 曹立华, 张强, 李广雪, 王双, 翟科. 热带西太平洋沉积物的环境磁学特征对东亚冬季风的响应[J]. 地学前缘, 2022, 29(5): 23-34.

HOU Xiaolin, XU Jishang, JIANG Zhaoxia, CAO Lihua, ZHANG Qiang, LI Guangxue, WANG Shuang, ZHAI Ke. Environmental magnetic characteristics of sediments of the western tropical Pacific: Response to the East Asian Winter Monsoon[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(5): 23-34.

图/表 6

图1 研究区位置图(据文献[22]修改) 图中黄色箭头为底层流,绿色箭头代表南极中层水,紫色箭头代表表层与次表层流,黑色箭头代表东亚冬季风,白色箭头代表东亚夏季风;其中,AAIW—南极中层水; KC—黑潮; LCPW—绕极底层水; LUC—吕宋底流; MC—棉兰老流; MUC—棉兰底流; NEC—北赤道流; NECC—北赤道逆流; NEUC—北赤道底流; NGCC—新几内亚近岸流; NGCUC—新几内亚沿岸底流; NPDW—北太平洋底层水; EAWM—东亚冬季风; EASM—东亚夏季风。B10为本文使用的柱状样站位。

Fig.1 Location map of study area. Modified after [22].

图2 B10柱状沉积物年龄框架(TR163-19岩心的δ18O数据源自文献[35]) 阴影区为间冰期。

Fig.2 Age framework of B10 column sediments (the δ18O data of TR163-19 was adapted from [35])

图3 B10岩心的岩石磁学结果 (a) 饱和等温剩磁SIRM;(b-f) 磁滞回线(顺磁矫正后);(b)Bcr/Bc=2.78, Mrs/Ms=0.065, Bcr=37.27 mT;(c)Bcr/Bc=3.33, Mrs/Ms=0.045, Bcr=43.45 mT;(d)Bcr/Bc=2.56, Mrs/Ms=0.082, Bcr=36.38 mT;(e)Bcr/Bc=2.49, Mrs/Ms=0.078, Bcr=38.72 mT;(f)Bcr/Bc=2.52, Mrs/Ms=0.079, Bcr=36.47 mT;(g-k) FORC图;(l-p) χ-T曲线(其中红色为加热曲线,蓝色为冷却曲线)。

Fig.3 Rock magnetic results of core B10

图4 Day图(据文献[38⇓-40]修改)

Fig.4 Day plots. Modified after [38⇓-40].

图5 B10岩心环境磁学参数阴影区为间冰期。

Fig.5 Environmental magnetic parameters of core B10

图6 磁化率χ和饱和等温剩磁SIRM的相关性

Fig.6 Correlation between χ and SIRM

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热带西太平洋沉积物的环境磁学特征对东亚冬季风的响应

Environmental magnetic characteristics of sediments of the western tropical Pacific: Response to the East Asian Winter Monsoon

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