Research methods for the deep extension pattern of rock/ore-controlling structures of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits—a preliminary study

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.11.1

Abstract

Abstract:

The lack of understandings about the deep distribution pattern of rock/ore-controlling structures of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits and the spatial positioning pattern of deep deposits (or orebodies) is the main problem holding back deep mineral exploration deployment and hindering ore prospecting breakthroughs. This paper discusses first the main research methods for the deep extension patter of the controlling structures of magmatic-hydrothermal orefields (or deposits). Based on the discussed methods and following the idea that hydrothermal polymetallic ore deposits controlled by regional metallotectonics are associated with geophysical and geochemical anomalies, this paper, taking the Huangshaping-Baoshan copper-tin polymetallic orefield in southern Hunan as an example, constructs a theoretical framework for analyzing the rock/ore-controlling structures and their extension patterns as well as a comprehensive evaluation index system for assessing the depth extension of the controlling structures. Using these methods, through comprehensive analyses of the rock/ore-controlling structures as well as mineralization alteration zoning pattern for magmatic-hydrothermal porphyry in the orefield, this paper predicts the depth extension patterns of the rock/ore-controlling structures and favorable prospecting target sites (within the controlling structures) for the Huangshaping and Baoshan deposits. This paper provides a new method for deep exploration deployment and ore prospecting in the Huangshaping-Baoshan copper-tin polymetallic orefield, and, without doubt, this method can be referenced for advancing the theories of rock/ore-controlling structures and deep prospecting and exploration for other hydrothermal ore deposits.

Key words: rock and ore-controlling structures, deep extension pattern, magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits, research methods, Huangshaping-Baoshan copper-tin polymetallic orefield, southern Hunan

CLC Number:

HAN Runsheng, ZHAO Dong. Research methods for the deep extension pattern of rock/ore-controlling structures of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits—a preliminary study[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(5): 420-437.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Framework of special structural research method for ore field or deposit. Modified after [6].

Fig.2 Research methods and framework of structure and alterative lithofacies mapping for ore field or deposit. Modified after [38].

Fig.3 Discrimination of erosional degree (a) and multiple structural sections of the main ore fields or deposits (b) in southern Hunan. Modified after [84].

Fig.4 Research framework of metallogenic tectonic system and ore-controlling tectonic extension pattern in Huangshaping-Baoshan orefield

Fig.5 Research methods of three-level comprehensive index system of ore-controlling tectonic extension in Huangshaping-Baoshan orefield

Fig.6 (a) Regional geological sketch map of the Huangshaping-Baoshan polymetallic ore field; (b) Schematic diagram illustrating the mechanical properties contributing to the symmetry of the tectono-magma-metallogenic system of the ore field; (c) Schematic diagram of spatial characteristics of the ‘twist flower' structure. (a modified after [85],b, c modified after [36])

Fig.7 (a) Profile sketch of F3 fault; (b, c) Tensile fault f1 and compressive fault f2; (d, e) Hydrothermal calcite and pyrite are filled in the tensile fault f7, and scratches can be seen on the calcite surface; (f, g) The north-south trending fault (f4-6); (h-k) Dense massive orebodies and strong calcite limestone are developed in the footwall of the near-north-south trending fault; (l) Hydrothermal calcite vein cut by fault f12; (m) NW-trending faults f14 and f15; (n, o) reconstruction of different stages palaeo-stress fields in the Huangshaping deposit

Fig.8 (a) Inversion of tectonic stress field after metallogenic period and metallogenic period in Huangshaping mining area; (b-e) combined pattern of magmatic intrusion contact structure

Fig.9 Mechanical properties of the intrusion contact structure of the Huangshaping deposit

Fig.10 Spatial zoning of mineralization alteration in Huangshaping deposit

Fig.11 (a) Projection of lateralization and mineralization center of orebodies in Baoshan deposit; (b) 3D evolution trend of the center of Pb-Zn-Cu orebodies. a modified after [87].

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