Advances and prospects of meandering river sedimentary architecture research

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2025.8.57

Abstract

Abstract:

Fluvial facies constitute one of the major reservoir types globally, accounting for 42.6% of the proven and developed reserves in terrestrial clastic reservoirs in China, with meandering rivers representing important components. Multi-scale sedimentary architecture characterization plays a critical role in unlocking hydrocarbon potential in high water-cut oilfields and facilitating the large-scale, efficient development of unconventional reservoirs. Over the past three decades, significant progress has been made in understanding meandering river sedimentary architecture models, improving characterization and modelling techniques, and elucidating the role of reservoir architecture in oilfield development. (1) Based on prototype model studies of outcrop successions and modern sediments, the depositional evolution mechanisms of channels and their internal architectural elements have been further elucidated, including establishing qualitative and quantitative architectural models for channel belts, point bars, and lateral accretion sandbodies. (2) Various architectural characterization methods have been developed, including multi-well correlation and intelligent well-to-seismic integration. Additionally, reservoir architecture modelling approaches have been explored using multiple-point statistics, bounding surfaces of single sandbody architecture, and artificial intelligence (AI). (3) The multi-scale architectures of meandering river successions provide important guidance for development of offshore oilfields with large well spacing, enhancing remaining hydrocarbon recovery in high water-cut oilfields, and optimizing horizontal well placement and trajectory design in unconventional reservoirs. Future research should deepen the mechanistic understanding of architectural models across different meandering river types and advance intelligent characterization and modelling techniques for meandering river sedimentary architectures, integrating geological knowledge with well-seismic data. This will offer theoretical and technical support for the efficient development of oil and gas fields.

Key words: meandering river, sedimentary architecture, well-seismic integration, geological modelling, artificial intelligence

CLC Number:

P618.13

YUE Dali, LI Wei, WANG Wurong, WU Shenghe, LI Honghui, LIU Jingyang, LIU Lei, XU Zimo, LIN Jin, WU Guangzhen. Advances and prospects of meandering river sedimentary architecture research[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2025, 32(5): 113-130.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1 Channel sandbody stacking patterns and satellite images of different meander belt types in meandering rivers

Fig.2 Four types of point bar migration in meandering rivers and typical satellite images. Modified after [62,66].

Fig.3 Satellite images and schematic diagrams of point bar architectural styles in meandering rivers. Modified after [69].

Fig.4 Schematic diagrams of abandoned channels with different fill types. Modified after [17].

Fig.5 Point bar, abandoned channel, and lateral accretion shale drapes along a tributary of the Hailar River, northern shore of Hulun Lake, Hailar Basin. Modified after [18].

Fig.6 Prototype model of the three-dimensional internal architecture of a point bar based on ground-penetrating radar. Modified after [18].

Fig.7 Formation process of the point bar in the meandering belt and inner architectural model. Modified after [18].

Table 1 Common quantitative architecture models of meandering rivers

经验公式	符号含义	相关系数(R)	文献来源
W=6.8h¹^.⁵⁴	W:满岸宽度;h:满岸厚度		[74]
W^*=2/3W	W:满岸宽度;W^*:单一侧积体宽度		[13]
D=D^*×0.585/0.9	D:河道满岸深度;D^*:砂体平均厚度		[80]
λ_m=10.9W¹^.⁰¹	W:满岸宽度;λ_m:曲流波长;r_m:曲率半径;A:振幅		[72]
λ_m=4.7${r}_{m}^{0.98}$
A=2.7W¹^.¹
W_m=7.44W¹^.⁰¹	W:活动河道宽度;W_m单一曲流带宽度	0.93	[75]
L=0.853 1×lnW+2.453 1	W:满岸宽度;L:点坝长度	0.93	[21]
W_d=3.631 9W+40.612	W_d:点坝跨度;W:满岸宽度	0.98	[34]
W_p=2.42L+622.41	W_p:点坝宽度;L:点坝长度	0.94	[76]
h_m=2.9S_m	h_m:沙丘高度;S_m:交错层组厚度;d:水深		[78]
d/h_m=6~10	h_m:沙丘高度;S_m:交错层组厚度;d:水深		[78]
W_PB=1.33${W}_{m}^{0.90}$	W_m:曲流带宽度;W_PB:点坝宽度	0.84	[6]

Fig.8 Multi-well pattern fitting method for subsurface reservoir architecture characterization. Adapted from [81].

Fig.9 Seismic attribute distribution and sand body prediction. a modified after [32]; b adapted from [35].

Fig.10 RGB-blending map of the lower, middle, and upper inversion slices (a) and distribution of fluvial architecture elements of SDC2 in Chengdao Oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin (b). Modified after [7].

Fig.11 Intelligent modeling of fluvial reservoirs. a modified after [108].

Fig.12 Architectural features of lateral accretion mudstone interlayers in meandering point bars and their influence on injected fluid displacement and remaining oil distribution. Adapted from [120].

Fig.13 Schematic diagram of horizontal well deployment based on the geological model in the Su-A block,Sulige Gas Field

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