Spatio-temporal evolution evaluation of geological environment of large open-pit coal mine areas in Xilin Gol league

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.6.28

Abstract

Abstract:

After more than 20 years of development in the large open-pit coal mine areas in Xilin Gol league, Inner Mongolia, a series of mining geological environmental problems have been generated and the geological environment of the mine area has been damaged to some extent, therefore, the evaluation of the spatial and temporal evolution of the geological environment of the large open-pit coal mine areas can provide a reference for the ecological and geological environment restoration of the mine areas. This study evaluates the spatial and temporal evolution of the geological environment in three large mining areas in Xilin Gol league. Firstly, through site investigation, it was clarified that the main mining geological environment problems in the study area mainly include four categories, such as vegetation coverage decline, land occupation (drainage field and industrial sites), topography landscape destruction (open-pit mining) and aquifer destruction. Then remote sensing images were used to quantitatively obtain information on mine geological environment problems between 2000 and 2020, and a mining geological environment evaluation index system was established. After that, the hierarchical analysis was applied to determine the weights of various geological environmental problems, and the impact index model based on GIS was used to evaluate and zone the impact of mine geological environment and explore the law of spatial and temporal evolution of mine geological environment. The results of the study show that: (1) The decreasing vegetation coverage, the area of the land occupied by the soil discharge site and the area of the open pit destroying the landscape of topography and geomorphology are increasing with time in the three large mining areas. (2) The impact of mining on the geological environment in the large mining area is divided into five class sub-areas: no impact area, slight impact area, general impact area, stronger impact area and strong impact area. (3) The spatial and temporal evolution pattern of the geological environment in the three large mining areas is basically the same, and the spatial distribution characteristics and the area change pattern of different impact areas with time are different.

Key words: open-pit coal mine areas, geological environment, vegetation coverage, hierarchical analysis, impact index model, spatial and temporal evolution evaluation

CLC Number:

HE Hui, MU Wenping, ZHANG Xiao, SONG Yubing, LÜ Yuanyang, WU Xiong, YE Baoying, BAI Zhongke. Spatio-temporal evolution evaluation of geological environment of large open-pit coal mine areas in Xilin Gol league[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2024, 31(3): 443-457.

Figures/Tables 20

References 34

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矿区名称	时相	传感器
胜利矿区	20000920	landsat5 TM
	20050724	landsat7 ETM+
	20080902	landsat7 ETM+
	20110810	landsat7 ETM+
	20140530	landsat7 ETM+
	20170717	landsat8 OLI
	20200607	landsat8 OLI
白音华矿区	20000913	landsat5 TM
	20050818	landsat7 ETM+
	20080927	landsat7 ETM+
	20110920	landsat7 ETM+
	20140819	landsat8 OLI
	20170920	landsat7 ETM+
	20201006	landsat8 OLI
贺斯格乌拉矿区	20000821	landsat5 TM
	20050903	landsat7 ETM+
	20080927	landsat7 ETM+
	20110920	landsat7 ETM+
	20140819	landsat8 OLI
	20170624	landsat8 OLI
	20200609	landsat8 OLI

矿区名称	时相	传感器
胜利矿区	20000920	landsat5 TM
	20050724	landsat7 ETM+
	20080902	landsat7 ETM+
	20110810	landsat7 ETM+
	20140530	landsat7 ETM+
	20170717	landsat8 OLI
	20200607	landsat8 OLI
白音华矿区	20000913	landsat5 TM
	20050818	landsat7 ETM+
	20080927	landsat7 ETM+
	20110920	landsat7 ETM+
	20140819	landsat8 OLI
	20170920	landsat7 ETM+
	20201006	landsat8 OLI
贺斯格乌拉矿区	20000821	landsat5 TM
	20050903	landsat7 ETM+
	20080927	landsat7 ETM+
	20110920	landsat7 ETM+
	20140819	landsat8 OLI
	20170624	landsat8 OLI
	20200609	landsat8 OLI

年份	矿区含水层结构破坏面积/km²
	胜利		白音华		贺斯格乌拉
	潜水层	承压水层	潜水层	承压水层	潜水层	承压水层
2000	1.40	1.14	0.10	0.08	0.00	0.00
2005	1.30	0.98	0.10	0.08	0.00	0.00
2008	6.10	4.51	5.30	3.98	0.80	0.47
2011	13.40	9.69	9.70	6.91	2.70	1.27
2014	19.90	12.30	17.10	13.55	5.40	4.21
2017	21.60	13.60	21.90	16.90	5.70	3.39
2020	27.30	16.40	28.90	18.57	7.80	5.05

年份	矿区含水层结构破坏面积/km²
	胜利		白音华		贺斯格乌拉
	潜水层	承压水层	潜水层	承压水层	潜水层	承压水层
2000	1.40	1.14	0.10	0.08	0.00	0.00
2005	1.30	0.98	0.10	0.08	0.00	0.00
2008	6.10	4.51	5.30	3.98	0.80	0.47
2011	13.40	9.69	9.70	6.91	2.70	1.27
2014	19.90	12.30	17.10	13.55	5.40	4.21
2017	21.60	13.60	21.90	16.90	5.70	3.39
2020	27.30	16.40	28.90	18.57	7.80	5.05

矿区名称	水位降深设计值 S/m	含水层厚度 H/m	渗透系数 K/(m·d^-1)	潜水水位影响半径 R₁/m
胜利矿区	12.49	12.49	0.59	67.8
白音华矿区	2.69	2.69	0.92	8.5
贺斯格乌拉矿区	7.59	7.59	8.48	121.8