Differential overpressure distribution in Ordovician carbonates, Shuntuoguole area, Tarim Basin

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2023.2.30

Abstract

Abstract:

With the continual advancement in deep exploration in the Tarim Basin, a succession of anomalous high-pressure reservoirs associated with strike-slip faults have been discovered in the ultra-deep carbonate strata of the Shuntuoguole region, but the origin of the overpressure and its distribution pattern have rarely been discussed. Also, the relationship between strike-slip fault and formation pressure in cratons has seldom been studied compared to results for extensional basins and compressive foreland basin systems; whilst strong carbonate reservoir heterogeneity further complicates the overpressure pattern. In this study the characteristics of the present-day pressure field and the main features of overpressure reservoirs are analyzed based on data from drilling tests and production dynamics studies. Further, combined with paleopressure calculation (using fluid inclusions), gas geochemical characteristics and faults activity, the origin of overpressure and its differential distribution in secondary tectonic units of the Shuntuogole area are discussed. The results suggest that the overpressure in the Shunbei slope and Shuntuoguole low uplift is caused by gas charging and tectonic compression, with the former mainly affected by pyrolytic gas generation from crude oil cracking. The gas generation and faults activity determine the differential overpressure distribution, where overpressure occurs widely across the Shunnan area but only locally in the Shunbei and Shuntuoguole areas. The development pattern of the fault-associated reservoirs results in the division of the pressure system in the Shuntuoguole area.

Key words: Shuntuoguole low uplift, strike-slip faults, deep carbonate rock, origin of overpressure, differential distribution mechanism

CLC Number:

TE122.2

ZENG Shuai, QIU Nansheng, LI Huili, MA Anlai, ZHU Xiuxiang, JIA Jingkun, ZHANG Mengfei. Differential overpressure distribution in Ordovician carbonates, Shuntuoguole area, Tarim Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2023, 30(6): 305-315.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Structural unit divisions of Tarim Basin and study area location (a), and division of secondary tectonic units and distribution of strike-slip fractures in the study area (b), SE-oriented tectonic-reservoir profile of the Shuntuoguole Low Uplift

Fig.2 Distribution of strike-slip fault and pressure coefficient of Middle-Lower Ordovician in the Shuntuoguole area

Fig.3 Logarithm of acoustic interval transit time versus depth in a mudstone section of a typical well in the Shuntuoguole Low Uplift

Fig.4 Longitudinal distribution characteristics of mud equivalent pressure of drill well far from fault zone and on the fault zone

Table 1 Dynamic and static characteristics of overpressured carbonate reservoirs

储层类型	压力系数	构造位置	压力恢复曲线	钻井漏失情况	地层测试情况
定容缝-洞型	1.09~1.60	次级走滑断裂带		发生漏失与放空	产水
裂缝型	1.33~1.87	断裂带间/次级内幕断裂带		轻微漏失/ 不漏失	高产水

Fig.5 Relationship between acoustic interval transit time and vertical effective stress of upper Ordovician mudstone in Shuntuoguole Low Uplift and overpressure mechanisms distinguish for different formations

Fig.6 The relationship between drying coefficient and formation pressure coefficient

Table 2 Trapping pressures of gas-bearing inclusions in Ordovician

井号	层位	含烃盐水包裹体均一温度/℃	盐水包裹体均一温度/℃	气液比/ %	捕获年龄/Ma	捕获压力/MPa	古埋深/m	古压力系数	现今压力系数
SHB2	O₂yj	59.8	157.6	7.7	4.3	68.45	6 500.1	1.07	1.22
ST1	O_1-2y	152.5	169.1	9.5	17.5	112.66	6 888.0	1.67	1.79
SN1	O₂yj	152.8	163.3	10.2	15.8	74.90	6 280.0	1.22	1.17
SN4	O₂yj	171.3	183.8	12.2	14.3	71.35	5 948.7	1.22	1.21
SN5	O₂yj	163.2	182.5	9.3	11.6	99.10	6 072.0	1.66	1.59
SN501	O_1-2y	165.1	171.2	10.7	23.5	77.39	5 729.2	1.38	1.35

Fig.7 Model of overpressure development of the Middle-Lower Ordovician in the Shuntoguele Low Uplift. Modified after [45].

Fig.8 Prediction of formation pressure coefficient distribution in the Middle and Lower Ordovician in the Shuntoguele Low uplift

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