Land surface processes and weather research—a review

doi:10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.9.59

Abstract

Abstract:

As the lower boundary of the atmosphere, the land surface interacts with the atmosphere through momentum, heat and mass exchanges. Land surface processes have long been recognized as one of the key processes affecting weather and climate, however, although their impacts on climate have been widely studied, their impacts on weather have not received enough attention until recently. This paper reviews the recent research progress on the impacts of land surface elements (soil moisture, etc.), land cover types (topography, land use, etc.) and local circulation (valley-plain circulation, etc.) on weather events, such as strong convection, heavy rainfall, typhoon, high temperature and heat wave, to provide a reference for future study in this field. Even with some progresses made, however, it is noted that further investigation is needed to better understand the physical mechanisms for weather formation, occurrence and development under the influence of land surface processes, especially how they affect the extreme (high impact) weather events, so as to provide scientific support for the numerical modeling study and operational weather forecasting.

Key words: land surface processes, weather research, latest progress

CLC Number:

CHEN Haishan, DU Xinguan, SUN Yue. Land surface processes and weather research—a review[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(5): 382-400.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Schematic illusion of impacts of land surface processes on weather

Fig.2 Schematic illusion of soil moisture-precipitation feedback

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of Brown Ocean Effect

Fig.4 Schematic diagram depicting convective initiation under the effects of the coastal terrain and land surface friction. Modified after [26].

Fig.5 The influence of urban dynamical/thermal forcing on rainfall

Fig.6 Schematic diagrams of the convergence line near the boundary of irrigated cropland and barren land

Fig.7 Schematic of convection and MCV eastward progression and diurnal evolution in Meiyu front. Modified after [234].

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of the nocturnal offshore rainfall in the regions with coastal orography. Modified after [255].

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